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One method of treatment used in cancer therapy is radiotherapy which can injure the oral, pharynx or larynx mucosa and predisposes tissue to the development of fungal infections. The aim of the study paper was the mycological examinations of swabs from the oral cavity and pharynx of patients obtained prior to, in week 3, on the last day of and 3 weeks after radiotherapy, as well as isolation of fungi and identification of the selected parameter of strains pathogenecity, i.e. hydrolytic enzyme release. Forty-three patients with oral cavity, pharynx or larynx carcinoma were examined at four points during a course of radiotherapy: before treatment, in week 3 of treatment, on the last day of treatment and 3 weeks afterwards. The mycological examination was conducted based on a procedure introduced in the Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Medical University of Lodz. The activity of the hydrolytic enzymes was evaluated with a bioMerieux API ZYM test kit. More than 2/3 of the patients (68.2%) were found to have a fungal infection in the first examination, 4/5 (80%) in the second, about 3/5 (57.1%) in the third and all (100%) in the last examination. The release of enzymes varied, and on different stages show different inactive enzymes: at the start, α-chymotrypsin and α-mannosidase; at 3 weeks, β-glucuronidase and α-mannosidase; at the end, α-chymotrypsin; at 3 weeks after the end, trypsin, α-chymotrypsin, α-galaktosidase and α-fucosidase. The most frequent species isolated from the patients treated by radiotherapy is Candida albicans and C. glabrata. The latter is characterized by resistance to the majority of antimycotic medications. The isolated strains are characterized by the highest activity of leucine arylamidase, acid phosphatase and naphthol – AS-BI-phosphohydrolase. Considering the enzymes produced, most of the strains can be included to biotypes D₃, C₆ and A.
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess ovarian cancer angiogenesis by comparing intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) with pericytes expression. Methods: Tumor specimens from 34 women operated because of malignant adnexal tumors were evaluated. Pericytes were assessed with anti-desmin antibody and microvessels were counted following CD-34 antigen detection. Histological type, grading, FIGO stage and menopausal status were compared with MVD and pericytes expression. Results: The means of MVD in serous and mucinous tumors were 25 (range: 8-83) and 22 (range: 8-50), respectively. The difference between medians of MVD and mean number of pericytes per high power field were not statistically significant. Also, there was no correlation between assessed markers and differentiation grade and FIGO stage and tumor type. Conclusion: MVD counting with CD-34 antigen, but not desmin expression for pericytes detection seems to be a useful parameter for neoangiogenesis assessment in ovarian cancers.
Tumour growth and expansion are the result of proliferative activity and the capacity to eliminate cells by apoptosis and/or necrosis. The present study was aimed at comparing the apoptosis and proliferation intensity in cells of adenocarcinomas of the large intestine with the expression of metallothionein (MT), the grade of the tumour and the depth to which the tumour infiltrated the intestinal wall. The TUNEL technique and immunocytochemical reactions (expression of caspase-3, Ki-67, MT) were used to detect apoptosis. The results demonstrated augmented levels of all the variables examined, positively correlated with grade of malignancy, G, and with the depth of intestinal wall infiltration by the tumour cells. The testing of apoptosis, proliferation and MT expression may prove useful in the appraisal of the growth and progression of primary adenocarcinomas in the large intestine.
We assessed the rate of release of a model nucleoside (adenosine, 5%, w/w) from nine different lactide-glycolide or lactide-caprolactone polymers. The polymer discs were eluted every second day with an artificial cerebrospinal fluid at the elution rate roughly approximating the brain extracellular fluid formation rate. Adenosine in eluate samples was assayed by HPLC. Three polymers exhibited a relatively constant release of adenosine for over four weeks, resulting in micromolar concentrations of nucleoside in the eluate. This points to the neccessity of further development of polymers of this types as intracerebral nucleoside delivery systems for local treatment of brain tumors.
To compare Color Doppler sonography with immunohistochemical microvessel density and Bcl-2 assessement in women with benign and malignant adnexal tumors we examined 112 women with adnexal tumors with the use color Doppler sonography (B&K 2002 ADI and GE Voluson 730 scanners) performed before the surgical procedure. Histological type, grading, FIGO stage and menopausal status were compared with MVD and Bcl-2 expression assessed with immunohistochemistry on parafín embedded tumor specimens. Results: Sixty-seven tumors were benign and 45 tumors were malignant. The mean age of the studied women was 40,4 years; ±SD, 11,5 years. Color Doppler sonography revealed that in most malignant tumors there was a low resistance to flow (mean PI= 0,56, SD=0,36). Benign tumors also had higher pulsatility indices than malignant tumors (PI=1,21 and SD=0,48; p=0,02, Mann-Whitney U-test). Also, there was a statistically significant difference between MVD in benign and malignant tumors (Mann-Whitney U test, PO.OO 1). No significant difference in the percentage of Bcl-2 stained cells in both malignant and benign tumor samples was found. Conclusion: Microvessel density assessed with CD-34 and color Doppler blood flow assessement are useful in ovarian tumors vascularity studies. Bcl-2 expression is probably not a useful marker of angiogenic tumor character.
Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) content in colorectal cancer tissue ex­tracts may be of strong prognostic value: high levels of PAI-1 in tumours predict poor prognosis. The gene encoding PAI-1 is highly polymorphic and PAI-1 gene variability could contribute to the level of PAI-1 biosynthesis. In the present work the distribu­tion of genotypes and frequency of alleles of the 1334G/A polymorphism in 92 subjects with colorectal cancer in samples of cancer tissue and distant mucosa samples as well as in blood were investigated. Blood samples age matched healthy individuals (n = 110) served as control. The 1334G/A polymorphism was determined by PCR ampli­fication using allele specific primers. No differences in the genotype distributions and allele frequencies between blood, distant mucosa samples and cancer tissue were de­tected. However, the distribution of the genotypes of the 1334G/A polymorphism in patients differed significantly (P < 0.05) from those predicted by the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There were significant differences in the frequencies of alleles between the colorectal cancer subjects and controls (P < 0.05). The results support the hypothe­sis that the 1334G/A polymorphism may be associated with the incidence of colorectal cancer.
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