Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Protective action of cholesterol against changes in membrane fluidity induced by malathion

100%

Blasiak J., Walter Z.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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1992

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tom 39

|

nr 1

2

Effects of malathion and endosulfan on the growth of Paramecium aurelia

75%

Tandon R. S., Lal R., Narayana Rao V. V. S.

Acta Protozoologica

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1987

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tom 26

|

nr 4

3

Isolation of pesticides from water matrix using off-line extraction techniques

75%

Gorna-Binkul A., Bartczak D., Gadzala R. M., Shintani H., Buszewski B.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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1996

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tom 05

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nr 6

The process of the isolation of malathion from water matrix has been optimized from the point of recovery. Solid phase extraction (SPE) columns with different material packings have been used to study the dependence of recovery on adsorbent type, structure and character. Solid membrane EMPORE with C-18 groups has also been used for this investigation. Comparison of extraction efficiency obtained for SPE column and extraction disc has been done.

4

Influence of fenitrothion and malathion on antioxidant enzymatic defence in liver of the frog Rana esculenta L.

63%

Czarniewska E., Kasprzyk A., Ziemnicki K.

Pestycydy

|

2005

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nr 1-2

15-23

5

Effect of an organophosphorous insecticide, malathion, on pavement cells of the gill epithelia of Channa punctatus [Bloch].

63%

Sawhney A. K., Johal M. S.

Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii

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2000

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tom 47

|

nr 2

6

Single cell gel electrophoresis [comet assay] as a tool for environmental biomonitoring. An example of pesticides

63%

Blasiak J., Trzeciak A.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

1998

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tom 07

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nr 4

Methods that permit the sensitive detection of DNA damage and repair are of special significance in the field of environmental research due to the long latent period between exposure to environmental agent(s) and genetic effect(s) becoming apparent. Malathion is a commonly used organophosphorus insecticide reported to be genotoxic both in vivo and in vitro, but the reports are conflicting. In order to elucidate the genotoxic potency of a compound present in commercial preparations of malathion, the DNA damaging effect of the insecticide and its isomer isomalathion was investigated using alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). Freshly isolated human peripheral blood lymphocytes were incubated with 75 and 200 µM of the chemicals for 1 h. The concentrations from the range we used, is relevant to that in blood following various nonlethal human exposure to pesticides. Malathion did not cause any significant changes in the comet length of the lymphocytes throughout the range of concentrations tested. Isomalathion introduced damage to DNA in a dose-dependent manner. Treated cells were able to recover within the 60 min incubation in insecticide-free medium at 37°C. The reported genotoxicity of malathion might, therefore, be a consequence of its thermal and/or photochemical conversion to isomalathion and the presence of isomalathion as well as its oxidation products and other unspecified impurities in commercial formulations of malathion. In this regard, the results of our study indicate that malathion used as commercial product, i. e. containing isomalathion, can be considered as a genotoxic substance in vitro. This means that it can produce DNA disturbances in vivo. Therefore, malathion can be regarded as a potential mutagen/carcinogen and requires further investigation.

7

Plant oils as common bean [Phaseolus vulgaris L.] seed protectants against infestations by the Mexican bean weevil Zabrotes subfasciatus [Boh.]

51%

Mushobozy D. M. K., Nganilevanu G., Ruheza S., Swella G. B.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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2009

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tom 49

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nr 1

35-40

Five plant oils from sesame (Sesamum indicum), oil-palm (Elaeis guineensis), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), castor (Ricinus communis) and maize (Zea mays) at a dosage of 5 ml/kg of common bean seeds and a control of malathion dust 2% active substance (a. s.) at a dose 0.5 g/kg of seeds were evaluated for their ability to suppress the populations of Z. subfasciatus. Castor and palm oils resulted in effective protection comparable to that of malathion. There were a significant low percentage seed damage and weight loss in seeds treated with malathion, castor and palm oils. Total number of weevils in these treatments were least, compared to other plant oils studied. All treatments did not show adverse effect on germination capability of the seeds. This study showed that it is possible to use castor or palm oils to protect common bean seeds against Z. subfasciatus infestations. These products can be obtained locally at a reasonable cost.

8

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Toxicity and combined action of some insecticides and clove oil against Rhyzopertha dominica in wheat grain

51%

Hamza A., Hamza A.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

|

2018

|

tom 58

|

nr 2

Concerns about food quality and environmental protection have led to the search for effective and safe insect control measures. This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of some insecticides (malathion, alpha-cypermethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin) and clove oil, alone and in combinations, to protect wheat grain against Rhyzopertha dominica. Adult mortality, progeny emergence and weight loss of treated grain were examined. The results revealed that the tested insecticides and clove oil alone showed high efficiency to R. dominica with respect to mortality, progeny of the adults and weight loss of wheat grain. The mixing of lambda-cyhalothrin and clove oil with the most effective insecticide (alphacypermethrin) enhanced its efficacy to R. dominica. It was more efficient against R. dominica than when used alone with respect to mortality and progeny of the adults. However, mixing alpha-cypermethrin with malathion reduced the efficacy of alpha-cypermethrin against R. dominica with respect to mortality and progeny of the adults. Combinations of alpha-cypermethrin and clove oil reduced wheat grain loss more than using them alone. Mixing lambda-cyhalothrin and clove oil with low concentrations of alpha-cypermethrin improved its efficacy against R. dominica and therefore may reduce environmental pollution, lower risks to human health, and delay insect resistance development.

9

DNA breaking activity of the pesticide malathion and its metabolite assayed by the single cell gel electrophoresis [comet assay]

51%

Blasiak J., Trzeciak A., Jaloszynski P., Szyfter K., Osiecka R., Blaszczyk A.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

|

1997

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tom 02

|

nr 4

Genotoxicity of pesticides is of a special significance because of the common presence of these agents in the environment and the long latent period between the exposure and effects becoming apparent. The DNA damaging effects of the commonly used organophosphorus insecticide malathion and its major metabolite malaoxon were evaluated. Freshly isolated human peripheral blood lymphocytes were incubated with 75 and 300 µM of malathion or malaoxon for 1 h. Sensitive alkaline microgel single cell electrophoresis (comet assay) was used to assess damage to the lymphocyte DNA. Possible lesions detected by this technique could be single- and double-strand DNA breaks as well as alkali-labile sites. Malaoxon, unlike malathion, induced DNA damage in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of malaoxon at 300 µM was comparable with the effect of hydrogen peroxide at 20 µM. Well recognized genotoxic effects of malathion may be a consequence either of the interaction of its major metabolite malaoxon with DNA or use of technical grade of malathion which contains impurities, including malaoxon. However, humans are exposed to the pesticide of technical grade and have the ability to metabolize malathion to malaoxon and in this regard malathion used as an organophosphorus insecticide can be considered as a genotoxic substance.

10

Anion transport across the red blood cell membrane in the presence of malathion and parathion and their main metabolites

51%

Blasiak J.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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1996

|

tom 01

|

nr 4

The effect of organophosphorus insecticides malathion and parathion as well as their main metabolites malaoxon and paraoxon on chloride (36Cl-) and sulfate (35SO42-) equilibrium exchange in pig erythrocytes was investigated using an isotope labelling technique. Efflux of both radioactive isotopes vs. time followed a single exponential. Parathion and paraoxon inhibited the chloride equilibrium exchange in intact ceils in a dose- and time-dependent manner. There was no difference between effects evoked by these two compounds. Neither malathion nor malaoxon affected the chloride transport. Parathion and paraoxon inhibited sulfate efflux from resealed ghosts. The effect was also dose- and time-dependent. Again, there was no difference between action of the agents. No effect of malathion and malaoxon on sulfate efflux was observed. Dixon analysis revealed noncompetitive character of the inhibition of the exchange of both anions with the apparent Ki, values 68 and 73 µM for parathion and paraoxon, respectively in the case of chloride transport; for sulfate exchange these values were 341 and 340 µM, respectively. It was suggested that structural similarity between parent agents and their metabolites is responsible for the identity of their effects. Parathion and paraoxon could inhibit the anion exchange indirectly by changing the fluidity of the erythrocyte membrane or directly by binding to the Band 3 protein and evoking conformational changes leading to the inhibition of the anion transport. The insecticides, due to their ability to phosphorylate, could also disturb some regulation processes in the Band 3 protein.

11

Dermal and oral toxicity of malathion in rats

51%

Tos-Luty S., Obuchowska-Przebirowska D., Latuszynska J., Tokarska-Rodak M., Haratym-Maj A.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

|

2003

|

tom 10

|

nr 1

The aim of the study was the evaluation of dermal and oral toxicity of malathion based on the results of histopathologic and ultrastructural tests. The standard of the pesticide - IPO 460 Malathion was used in the study. The preparation was suspended in oil emulsion. The study was conducted on Wistar rats. Dermal toxicity was examined in 2 groups of experimental rats. The animals were applied 8 mg (1/100 LD50) and 16 mg (1/50 LD50) of the preparation on the tail skin for 4 hours daily for a period of 28 days. In the case of oral toxicity, a dose of 1/50 LD50 malathion was used. The amount of 1 ml (11.2 g) of the preparation was administered intragastrically by stomach tube for 28 days. In both experiments the control animals were administered only the emulsion used for suspending the pesticide. The following organs were subject to histopathologic and ultrastructural evaluation: liver, kidneys, heart and lungs. The histopathologic and ultrastructural changes observed showed various degrees of intensity according to the route of malathion administration and the size of the dose applied. Dermal application of the pesticide in a smaller dose did not cause histopathological changes in the organs of the animals, while the administration of a higher dose resulted in changes only in the liver. Changes on the ultrastructural level occurred in all organs and were dose-dependent. After oral administration of malathion, both histopathologic and ultrastructural changes observed in all organs were more intensified than after dermal application.

12

The efficacy of some neonicotinoid and other new insecticides in the control of the strawberry root weevils [Cucurlionidae] on strawberry plantations in Poland

45%

Labanowska B. H.

Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research

|

2009

|

tom 17

|

nr 2

211-218

The strawberry root weevil (Otiorhynchus ovatus L.) is an important pest on strawberry plantations in Poland. Neonicotinoid insecticides: thiametoxam as Actara 25 WG, thiacloprid as Calypso 480 SC, and acetamiprid as Mospilan 20 SP gave good control of the strawberry root weevil on strawberry plantations. The obtained results were better or similar to those obtained with chloropiryfos, diazinon and feni- trothion. Also fipronil (phenopyrazole group) showed very high efficacy in the control of strawberry root weevil.

Ograniczanie wyników

Protective action of cholesterol against changes in membrane fluidity induced by malathion

Effects of malathion and endosulfan on the growth of Paramecium aurelia

Isolation of pesticides from water matrix using off-line extraction techniques

Influence of fenitrothion and malathion on antioxidant enzymatic defence in liver of the frog Rana esculenta L.

Effect of an organophosphorous insecticide, malathion, on pavement cells of the gill epithelia of Channa punctatus [Bloch].

Single cell gel electrophoresis [comet assay] as a tool for environmental biomonitoring. An example of pesticides

Plant oils as common bean [Phaseolus vulgaris L.] seed protectants against infestations by the Mexican bean weevil Zabrotes subfasciatus [Boh.]

Toxicity and combined action of some insecticides and clove oil against Rhyzopertha dominica in wheat grain

DNA breaking activity of the pesticide malathion and its metabolite assayed by the single cell gel electrophoresis [comet assay]

Anion transport across the red blood cell membrane in the presence of malathion and parathion and their main metabolites

Dermal and oral toxicity of malathion in rats

The efficacy of some neonicotinoid and other new insecticides in the control of the strawberry root weevils [Cucurlionidae] on strawberry plantations in Poland