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Ten cows with and 5 cows without puerperal endometritis were treated with 20 μg GnRH analogue, buserelin, intramuscularly. Blood samples were taken every 20 min for 8h before and for 8h after injection of GnRH. All cows responded to GnRH with significant increase of LH 20 min after treatment. The LH peak was significantly lower in cows with puerperal endometritis than that in clinically normal cows (27.91 ± 5.47 ng/ml vs 80.60 ± 17.2 ng/ml; p ≤ 0.01). The total AUC of LH was also significantly smaller in cows with puerperal endometritis compared to cows without it (p ≤ 0,01). The results suggest that the delayed resumption of ovarian function in cows with uterine infection may be caused by reduced responsiveness of the pituitary to endogenous GnRH. Further studies are needed in order to investigate the mechanism of this phenomenon.
Striated murrel Channa striatus were injected with natural hormones (pituitary extract and human chorionic gonadotropin) and synthetic hormones (luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogue and ovaprim). When compared to the LHRHap and ovaprim, the latency period was long in pituitary- (24 h) and HCG-injected (26 h) fish. In the pituitary-injected C. striatus the percentage of fertilisation was the lowest (60-68%) but the duration of hatching was longest (39-43 h) followed by HCG- (36-38 h), LHRHap- (34-36 h) and ovaprim-injected (21-23 h) individuals. In terms of fertilisation (95-98%) and hatching, ovaprim yielded better results. Ova reached the highest diameter (1.34-1.45 mm) in C. striatus injected with ovaprim, followed by HCG (1.22-1.30 mm) and pituitary (1.21-1.27 mm). The lowest ova diameter (1.07-1.09 mm) was observed in C. striatus injected with LHRHap.
This study investigated an influence of oestradiol and progesterone on expression of LH/hCG receptors in the porcine uterine broad ligament. The tissues were obtained from nineteen ovariectomized crossbred gilts. The animals received i.m. injections of 2 ml of corn oil (control; n=4), 25 μg kg-1 of oestradiol benzoate (n=5), 500 μg kg-1 of progesterone (n=5) or 25 μg kg-1 of oestradiol benzoate with 500 μg kg-1 of progesterone (n=5) daily for 5 consecutive days before slaughter. It was found that oestradiol increased the number of receptors in arteries of all areas in the uterine broad ligament, in veins located near the uterine horn and in the ovarian vein as well as in the ligament musculature in the area of vessels located near uterine horn. Progesterone decreased the expression of receptors in all tissues from the area of vessels located about 4 cm below the uterine horn, but augmented their expression in the ovarian vein and in muscular layers of the broad ligament in the area of the uterine vessels trunk. Oestradiol with progesterone increased amount of receptors in arteries from the area of uterine vessels branches, in ovarian vessels^ in veins from areas of branches and trunk of uterine vessels as well as in muscular layers of the broad ligament collected from areas of uterine vessels trunk and paraovarian plexus. These results indicate that oestradiol and progesterone are responsible for changes in expression and distribution of LH/hCG receptors in the broad ligament of the porcine uterus.
In previous studies the effect of endogenous opioid peptides (EOP) on LH secretion was mainly considered at the hypothalamic level, while opioid involvement in the modulation of LH secretion at the pituitary level remains insufficiently elucidated. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to determine the expression of genes encoding opioid precursors – proopiomelanocortin (POMC), proenkephalin (PENK), prodynorphin (PDYN) and opioid receptors – mu, delta, kappa in the porcine anterior pituitary throughout the estrous cycle. Additionally, the mRNA content of ß-LH subunit and GnRH receptor (GnRH-R) was estimated. Pituitaries (5×N = 7) were collected from sows on days 3-5, 8-10, 13-15, 16-17 and 19-20 of the cycle and gene expression was determined using a semi-quantitative RT-PCR assay. The expression of POMC, PDYN, delta and kappa receptor genes was variable across the cycle, whereas the expression of PENK and mu receptor genes remained relatively stable. The POMC mRNA content was the lowest on days 19-20 of the cycle and the PDYN content was reduced on days 8-10. The delta receptor mRNA content was elevated on days 3-5, while the kappa receptor mRNA content was decreasing over the luteal phase. Changes in the expression of genes encoding ß-LH and GnRH-R were also demonstrated. These results indicate variable activity of pituitary opioid systems in cyclic pigs and suggest implication of EOP in the modulation of LH secretion at the pituitary level.
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