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1
Content available remote

Leukotrienes biosynthesis in vascular surgery patients during perioperative period

100%
Szczeklik W., Gorka J., Kozka M., Bijak P., Sokolowska B., Plutecka H., Sanak M.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|
2014
|
tom 65
|
nr 5
2

Nuclear import of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase

100%
Brock T. G., Healy A. M.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
|
2000
|
tom 48
|
nr 6 Spec.Iss.
481-486
3
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Role of leukotrienes and platelet activating factor in gastric mucosal damage and repair

100%
Konturek S. J., Brzozowski T.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|
1991
|
tom 42
|
nr 2
Gastric mucosal integrity depends upon the balance between „aggressive” factors and „defensive” mechanisms. The formation of mucosal lesions results from the disruption of defense lines, including the breaking of unstirred mucus layer, the reduction of surface hydrophobicity, extensive exfoliation of surface epithelium, penetration of offending agents deeply into the mucosa and damage to the microvessels. The release of proinflam- matory and vasoactive mediators such as leukotrienes (LT), thromboxanes, platelet activating factor (PAP), endothelins and others has been thought to be involved in the pathomechanism of mucosal injury, especially damage to the micro vascular endothelium, increased vascular permeability, reduction in mucosal blood flow, vascular stasis, tissue ischemia and glandular cell necrosis. This paper reviews the mechanisms and possible pathogenetic implication of two related compounds, LT and PAP in acute mucosal injury by topical irritants such as ethanol, aspirin, bile salts and by stress. LT and PAP arise from similar membrane phospholipids and may regulate the biosynthesis of one another in the damaged mucosa. Although pharmacological studies have clearly demonstrated the noxious effects of cysteinyl LT and PAP on the mucosa, especially when exposed to topical irritants, recent publications have challenged the primary role of these mediators in the pathogenesis of mucosal lesions and ulcerations because the treatment with agents that selectively antagonize their biosynthesis or the receptor sites at the target cells did not always interrupt the chain of events leading to mucosal injury. The role of these mediators in the mucosal repair processes has been little studied but both cysteinyl LT and PAP seem to delay the restitution and healing of the mucosa. Further studies are necessary to clarify to what extent the biosynthesis of LT and PAP and the pharmacological inhibition of their action on the target tissues is related to noxious, protective and reparative events in the mucosa exposed to mild irritants and ulcerogens.
4

Abnormal eicosanoid-pattern of peripheral white-blood-cells in gastro-intestinal cancer

100%
Baenkler H. W., Schafer D.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
|
2005
|
tom 56
|
nr 5
119-128
COX-inhibitors promote nasal polyps or bronchial asthma in individuals susceptible to an alteration of the pattern of the eicosanoids, especially leukotrienes and prostaglandins. This is associated with an abnormal release of eicosanoids from white blood cells. Since COX-inhibitors also protect from colorectal cancer an analogous association may be suggested. The study was performed to detect abnormal patterns of eicosanoids in white blood cells of patients with intestinal cancer compared to healthy controls. Seventy patients with intestinal cancer (stomach = 5; colon = 25; sigma = 18; rectum = 22) were compared to 62 healthy controls. Blood leukocytes from patients in complete long-lasting remission were incubated with diluent, arachidonic acid or acetylsalicylic acid. The synthesis of prostaglandin E2 and peptido-leukotrienes was quantified using competitive enzyme-immuno-assays and calculated for individual eicosanoid patterns. The mean basal and arachidonic- or acetylsalicylic acid-modulated PGE2 synthesis in patients was significantly higher than in controls (4.8-fold, 9.4-fold, 3.7-fold, respectively) whereas pLT was generally less elevated. We conclude that the eicosanoid-pattern of white-blood-cells from patients with intestinal cancer differs significantly from that in healthy individuals. This abnormal cellular metabolism may contribute to the manifestation of cancer and help to detect individuals at risk.
5

Interleukin 6 production by mononuclear phagocytes can be stimulated by leukotrienes

100%
Stankova J., Rola-Pleszczynski M.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
|
1992
|
tom 40
|
nr 1
6
Content available remote

Cysteinyl leukotrienes predominantly mediate cisplatin-induced acute renal damage in male rats

84%
Hashim A. A., Helmy M. M., Mouneir S. M.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|
2018
|
tom 69
|
nr 5
7

The role of leukotrienes in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis

84%
Chwiesko-Minarowska S., Kowal K., Bielecki M., Kowal-Bielecka O.
Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica
|
2012
|
tom 50
|
nr 2
8
Content available remote

Antileukotriene treatment and allergic rhinitis-related cough in guinea pigs

84%
Brozmanova M., Plevkova J., Bartos V., Plank L., Tatar M.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
|
2005
|
tom 56
|
nr 4
21-30
Experimental allergic rhinitis produces enhanced cough response in awake guinea pigs. Leukotriene receptor antagonists, as anti-inflammatory agents, have been effective in treatment of asthma and allergic rhinitis to inhibit the early and late allergic response. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of montelukast (Singulair, Merck, USA) on the cough reflex in an experimental model of allergen-induced rhinitis in guinea pigs. Guinea pigs (n=16) were sensitized with intraperitoneal ovalbumin (OVA). The animals were then used to develop a model of allergic rhinitis by repeated intranasal instillation of 0.5% OVA at weekly intervals for 8 weeks. Allergic rhinitis was evaluated from the occurrence of typical clinical symptoms including sneezing, conjuctival and nasal secretion, or nasal acoustic phenomenon. Between the 6th and 8th nasal challenge (NCh) the animals (n=8) were treated daily for 14 days with oral montelukast (10mg/kg). Cough was induced by citric acid aerosol inhalation in gradually increasing concentration (0.05-1.6 M) and was evaluated before sensitization and then after the 1st, 6th, and 8th nasal challenge when rhinitic symptoms were most conspicuous. The intensity of cough was significantly increased after the first and repeated nasal OVA challenges, and reduced after the 8th NCh that was preceded with montelukast treatment [9(6-14) vs. 16.5(14-22) vs. 25.5(23-42) vs. 8.5(8-13); P=0.0003]. We conclude that antileukotriene therapy suppresses the stimulating effect of experimental allergic rhinitis on the chemically-induced cough in awake guinea pigs.
9
Content available remote

Functional analysis of eicosanoids from white blood cells in sepsis and SIRS

84%
Baenkler M., Leykauf M., John S.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
|
2006
|
tom 57
|
nr 12
25-33
Sepsis and SIRS are affections with major alterations in inflammatory activity. The impact of prostaglandins (PG) and leukotrienes (LT) produced from white blood cells (WBC) in this context is not completely understood. Thirty nine patients with sepsis or SIRS were investigated in comparison to 10 healthy controls. WBC were collected and separately exposed to arachidonic acid (AA) or to nothing else. After centrifugation, the generated PGE2 and LTCDE4 with or without stimulation were measured in the supernatant. LT-levels were significantly higher during sepsis/SIRS than in controls whereas PG-levels of patients were decreased to those of controls in basic condition. The relation between the level with and without stimulation showed a significant higher ratio in PG in contrast to LTs. The survivor’s ratio in LT levels was significantly higher than that of non-survivors, which did not differ from controls. Generation of LT from WBC is enhanced during sepsis/SIRS, but LT generation after stimulation only in survivors but not in non-survivors. This inability of WBC to generate LT during sepsis in non-survivors could be predictive regarding the outcome of sepsis/SIRS and may be part of the “immunoparalysis” seen during sepsis in association with bad outcome.
10
Content available remote

Functional eicosanoid test and typing [FET] of peripheral blood cells in eicosanoid related diseases

84%
Schafer D., Baenkler H. W.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
|
2005
|
tom 56
|
nr 5
103-118
Monitoring of eicosanoid synthesis in peripheral blood cells has significant potential for improving the diagnosis and therapy of many human diseases. The quantitative relation between concentrations of prostaglandins and leukotrienes is central to the physiologic function of the eicosanoid network. Here we show that this regulation, which we call the functional eicosanoid typing (FET), fluctuates dynamically in individual living blood cells from patients, thereby limiting the accuracy with which concentration circuits of eicosanoids can transfer metabolic information. Using living cells in functional cell testing, we characterised the eicosanoid pattern score (EPS). A novel technique based on binomial errors on lipid mediator partitioning enabled calibration of in vivo biochemical parameters in molecular units. We found that eicosanoid production rates fluctuate over a time scale of about twenty minutes, while intrinsic noise decays rapidly. Thus, biochemical eicosanoid parameters, noise, and slowly varying cellular states together determine the effective FET. These results can form a basis for quantitative modelling of natural eicosanoid circuits in diagnosis of eicosanoid related diseases and design of synthetic ones for the prediction other diseases.
11
Content available remote

Pharmacological inhibition of leukotriene biosynthesis: effects on the heart conductance

84%
Sanak M., Dropinski J., Sokolowska B., Faber J., Rzeszutko M., Szczeklik A.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|
2010
|
tom 61
|
nr 1
53-58
Leukotrienes are lipid mediators produced via 5-lipooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid. At least two cysteinyl-leukotrienes receptors are highly expressed in the heart, including the conduction system. Coronary angiography or angioplasty is accompanied by release of cysteinyl leukotrienes into coronary circulation and into urine. We tested the hypothesis that inhibition of leukotrienes biosynthesis would affect the conductance system function. In a double-blind placebo controlled study, patients with stable angina undergoing elective coronary catheterization or angioplasty were randomly assigned to 48 hrs treatment with a 5-lipoxgenase inhibitor (n=54) or placebo (n=49). ECG Holter recording was carried out for 24 hrs before and after the procedure and urinary leukotriene E4 measurements were done. Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase caused 26% reduction of urinary leukotriene E4, associated with: 1) decrease in heart rate by about 7%, 2) enhanced heart rate variability; 3) protection against depressions in atrioventricular conductance and ventricular repolarization induced by the procedure. No effects on either arrhythmias, or ECG patterns of ischemia were noted. We conclude that pharmacological inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase, shortly before percutaneous coronary intervention, reveals specific actions of leukotrienes on the heart rhythm. Inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase might be of interest as a novel class of cardiac drugs affecting the conductive system.
12
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Leukotrienes in mucosal damage and protection

84%
Peskar B. M.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|
1991
|
tom 42
|
nr 2
Exposure of the rat gastric mucosa to ethanol stimulates the generation of leukotriene (LTC₄) and 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, hut not of thromboxanes and prostaglandins. Lipoxygenase activation is not found with other topical irritants or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. A number of gastroprotective drugs dose-dependently inhibit the stimulatory action of ethanol on mucosal LTC₄ formation closely parallel to their protective activity suggesting that ethanol-induced damage and activation of lipoxygenases may involve common targets which are simultaneously counteracted by certain types of protective agents. Selective inhibition of 5-lip- oxygenase, however, does not confer protection against gastric mucosal damage caused by topical irritants or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Thus, although leukotrienes may mediate certain reactions elicited by gastric ulcerogens such as submucosal venular constriction and mucosal micro vascular engorgement, they do not appear to be major mediators of ulcerogen-induced tissue necrosis. The contribution of other products of the various pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism to gastric mucosal injury and the mechanism underlying the close interrelationship between protection and inhibiton of LTC₄ formation observed with certain compounds remains to be investigated.
13

Effects of ethanol and arachidonic acid pathway inhibitors on the effectiveness of gastric mucosa cytoprotection

84%
Lutnicki K., Szpringer E., Czerny K., Ledwozyw A.
Folia Morphologica
|
2001
|
tom 60
|
nr 1
Cytoprotection in the stomach, consisting in the mucus secretion, mucous circulation intensification and bicarbonate secretion to the gastric lumen, is highly dependent on the products of arachidonic acid pathway and peroxidative-antioxidative balance. The aim of the paper was to examine the effects of selected inhibitors of arachidonic acid pathway on the natural protective system of the gastric mucosa exposed to 50% ethanol. The results show that leukotrienes, thromboxane and oxygen reactive forms significantly impair the protective function of the gastric mucosa while prostaglandins and antioxidant enzymes act protectively.
14
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Effects of prostaglandin of E, F and I series, leukotriene C4 and platelet activating factor on amylase release from isolated rat pancreatic acini

84%
Jaworek J., Konturek S. J.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|
1993
|
tom 44
|
nr 4
15
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

The polymorphonuclear leukocyte: a cell tuned for transcellular biosynthesis of cys-leukotrienes

84%
Sala A., Buccellati C., Zarini S., Bolla M., Bonazzi A., Folco G. C.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|
1997
|
tom 48
|
nr 4
16

Eicosanoid regulation of pulmonary innate immunity post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

84%
Ballinger M. N., McMillan T. R., Moore B. B.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
|
2007
|
tom 55
|
nr 1
17
Content available remote

Functional-eicosanoid-test (FET) and disease

67%
Baenkler H.-W.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
|
2006
|
tom 57
|
nr 12
65-72
Eicosanoids are involved in most cellular activities. Measurement of their levels in tissue or blood renders information about the function of activated cells. An extended analysis will improve the conclusions regarding eicosanoid-related diseases. Peripheral white blood cells (WBC) were used for the test. Stimulating or inhibiting substances to influence the generation and the metabolism of eicosanoids were separately added to the samples. Prostaglandins (PG) and leukotrienes (LT) were measured after incubation in culture medium for 20 minutes at room temperature. Healthy controls rendered normal data. Patients with intolerance to acetylsalicylic acid (ASS) showed an elevated output of PG and LT upon stimulation. Addition of ASS shifted from PG to LT. An altered pattern of eicosanoids also was found in patients suffering from gastroduodenal ulcer and in intestinal malignancy. The senstivity regarding the ASS-intolerance is >80% and the specifity in the same group >70%. We concluded that the FET is a suitable test for the demonstration and verification of intolerance to ASS. It also detects an imbalance of the eicosanoids in intestinal malignancy. This makes the FET a helpful tool for diagnosis and for the elucidation of pathogenic mechanisms.
18
Content available remote

Exhaled breath condensate analysis: evaluation of a methodological setting for epidemiological field studies

67%
Hoffmeyer F., Harth V., Merget R., Goldscheid N., Heinze E., Degens P., Pesch B., Bunger J., Bruning T., Raulf-Heimsoth M.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
|
2007
|
tom 58
|
nr 5
19
Content available remote

The current view on the role of leukotrienes in atherogenesis

67%
Jawien J., Korbut R.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
|
2010
|
tom 61
|
nr 6
20

Eicosanoids: an emerging role in dendritic cell biology

67%
Harizi H., Gualde N.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
|
2004
|
tom 52
|
nr 1
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