The effect of 3 levels soil compaction (low - 1.30, moderate - 1.47 and severe - 1.58 g·cm⁻³) on triticale and maize seedling shoots and root dry matter, leaf number, number and length of particular components of the root system, leaf injury (LI), leaf water potential (Ψ), chlorophyll content (Chl) and maximum quantum yield of PS II (Fv/Fm) were examined. For both examined species high level of soil compaction strongly affected the length of seminal and seminal adventitious roots and the number and length of nodal roots. Comparing to maize, a slightly weaker impact of soil impedance on the number and length of developed root system was observed in triticale. After 3 or 6 weeks of growth in the conditions of moderate and severe soil compaction a decrease in leaf number, dry matter of shoot and roots, and increase in leaf injury index and shoot to root (S/R) dry matter ratio were observed. Changes in root architecture under a high soil impedance were accompanied by changes in the leaf injury index (LI), leaf water potential (Ψ), chlorophyll content (Chl) and maximum quantum yield of PS II (Fv/Fm). On moderate or severe soil compaction level changes of the values of LI, Ψ, Chl and Fv/Fm were higher and statistical significant as comparing to a low soil compaction treatment. Similarly as in the case of root growth characteristic changes in physiological traits measured in leaves showed weaker impacts of high soil compaction for maize than triticale.
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