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Evaluation of the influence of leachate on underground waters in the vicinity of a chosen landfill is examined in this paper. The purpose of the research was to give information on maximum pollutants concentrations which could penetrate ground and water subsoil and its influence on the area adjacent to the landfill. Scale and range of pollution in the examined area have been observed in 7 piezometer test wells and 4 nearest household wells and analogous parameters have been determined for leachate. To evaluate the influence of leachate on examined ground waters a method of multidimensional factor analysis with Varimax rotation was used.
The research deals in complex with the issue of landfilling and with a possible use of biological indicators to assess the impact of landfill on its surroundings. The problem is topical as landfilling remains the most spread technology for the disposal of communal waste in the Czech Republic. Assessing the impact of the landfill on its environs, we based our study on the selected bioindicators present in 1995 and in 2007 – 2010. During the period of vegetation biomonitoring, we did not detect any significant impact of the landfills on the biotic composition of the environment and no symptoms of leaf area chlorosis or necrosis that would have indicated the direct impact of sanitary landfills operation on the locality. The Štěpánovice landfill and Kuchyňky landfill have a functional system of drains combined with the system of ground sealing and the system of seepage water drainage pits. It further has a sophisticated system to check fencing, fly-offs and to collect lightweight waste. Both landfills are constructed and operated in compliance with the most modern and strictest requirements and standards.
An inherent element of human existence is the generation of various types of waste linked to our everyday activities. Among the currently generated waste, post consumer recovered wood constitutes an ever bigger share that is waste which is the result of the end of life cycle of various wooden products. The aim of the study was to determine the size and type of post consumer wood discarded on the landfills, such as furniture, window frames, doors, logs and boards, pallets and so on, as well as paper and cardboard. Also the means of utilizing that post consumer wood have been analyzed. The study embraced municipal waste landfills in selected administrative districts of Wielkopolskie Voivodeship.
Development of the human civilization leads to the pollution of environment. One of the contamination which are a real threat to soil and groundwater are leachates from landfills. In this paper the solute transport through soil was considered. For this purpose, the laboratory column tests of chlorides tracer and leachates transport on two soil samples have been carried out. Furthermore, the electrical resistivity method was applied as auxiliary tool to follow the movements of solute through the soil column what allowed to compare between the results obtained with column test method and electrical resistivity measurements. Breakthrough curves obtained by conductivity and resistivity methods represents similar trends which leads to the conclusion about the suitability of electrical resistivity methods for contamination transport monitoring in soil-water systems.
Studies were carried out on the effect of various methods of storing municipal refuse upon the survival and passage of saprophytic microorganisms (TVC, Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria, thermotolerants, yeasts), bacteria indicative of sanitary conditions (TC, FC, E. coli, FS, enterococci, Clostridium perfringens) and opportunistic pathogens (hemolytic streptococci, staphylococci, in this Staphylococcus aureus) into leachates. Studies were made from June to October using PCV columns 105 mm in diameter and 1000 mm high, in 5 combinations: 1) permeable bottom, 2) bottom sealed with a 150 mm layer of clay, 3) bottom sealed with a 150 mm layer of fly ash, 4) permeable bottom but municipal refuse mixed with fly ash, and 5) bottom sealed with a 75 mm layer of fly ash. Bacteria counts in fresh refuse were typical of untreated municipal sewage. With the exception of thermotolerants and hemolytic streptococci, bacteria and yeast counts decreased after 143 days, although to a varying extent. Leachates from municipal refuse stored in columns in particular experimental combinations usually contained the highest numbers of microorganisms during the first 35 days. Later on their counts decreased. On the average, the lowest numbers of the microorganisms were leached from the columns sealed with a 150 mm layer of fly ash, while the highest numbers were observed in the case of columns with permeable bottom and those sealed with a 150 mm layer of clay.
This article contains a review of literature on the quantity and physico – chemical characteristics of leachates from municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills. The state of knowledge on estimation of hazard landfills through toxicity testing of leachates by use of aquatic organisms is also presented. There is little information in Poland regarding the harmful effects of leachate waters on aquatic biocenoses.
Our paper focuses on examination and determination of bioindicators. From their existence, condition or behavior judgments might be carried out on the existence of specific environmental indicators and on environmental conditions and changes. The goal of this study was to investigate if and how plants may be used to indicate some of the emissions of landfill sites. Sampling was carried out in the middle of April 2007, 2008, and 2009. The obtained data were compared with a simple floristic list prepared in 1995. Selected bioindicators were used to estimate impact of the landfill on the close vicinity.
Na podstawie obserwacji prowadzonych w otoczeniu składowiska odpadów komunalnych „Otwock-Świerk” przedstawiono rolę wypiętrzenia strukturalnego jako bariery geologicznej ograniczającej rozprzestrzenianie się zanieczyszczeń w środowisku wód podziemnych. Analizowany obiekt znajduje się na Równinie Garwolińskiej – zdenudowanej wysoczyźnie morenowej powstałej w czasie zlodowaceń środkowopolskich. Złożone warunki hydrogeologiczne w rejonie składowiska są efektem procesów glacitektonicznych, które doprowadziły do wypiętrzenie osadów podłoża czwartorzędu i deformacji warstw osadów glacjalnych.
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