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Badaniem objęto 14 sztuk krów w ostatnim miesiącu ciąży. W surowicy krwi tych zwierząt oznaczono stężenie Mg oraz następujących związków lipidowych: cholesterolu całkowitego, HDL-i LDL-cholesterolu, triglicerydów i fosfolipidów w celu określenia zależności pomiędzy stężeniem tego pierwiastka, a wybranymi parametrami gospodarki lipidowej. Nie zaobserwowano zaburzeń w kształtowaniu się metabolizmu lipidowego u krów w wysokiej ciąży, ani też wyraźnego wpływu magnezu na ten proces. Jednak przy wzroście poziomu magnezu podwyższał się nie-znacznie poziom HDL-cholesterolu, a obniżał LDL-cholesterolu.
Simmental is one of the two-direction breeds of milk-meat used due to its high growth values and muscularity. The aim of the study was to determine the level of hematological parameters in Simmental cattle from one herd of various age cattle by taking into consideration the period of pregnancy. Studies were conducted on 180 specimens: 90 cows at the age of between 3 to 8 years, 30 heifers, 35 calves and 25 pregnant cows, during the autumn. The following hematological parameters were determined: erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets count, level of hemoglobin, haematocrit and red blood cell indicators. The analyzed level of basic hematological parameters corresponded with the cattle reference values. Red blood cell counts were lower but red blood cells indices values were increased. The values of hematological parameters in calves were lower in comparison with values noted in adult cows.
Examinations were caried out on eight cows. The animals were divided into two equal groups. In the first group of cows alimentary ketosis was induced by the administration of buteric acid to the rumen. The animals were given buteric acid since the 8th month of pregnancy and for two weeks after delivery. The second group served as control cows. Blood samples were taken from cows and calves to evaluate the level of ketose bodies, total lipids and cholesterol. The presence of a partial placental barrier for Acoc and beta-HM was found. An increased ketosis caused a significant lowering of total serum lipids in cows and their calves. The calves born were weak and of lower body weights. In this group of calves two animals died with signs of diarrhoea. Histopathological examinations revealed parenchymal degeneration of hepatocytes and some changes in the kidney cells.
The aim of the research was to determine the influence of Limousine cow body condition scores (BCS) before calving on the course of calving. 371 purebred Limousin cows in Poland were the material of the investigations. The body condition score was estimated using a 9 point scale according to Richards (24) directly before the planned calving day. The following levels were used: 1 - bad (notes of 1, 2, 3); 2 - suitable (notes of 4, 5, 6, 7); 3 - more than adequate (notes of 8, 9). All the animals were weighted. The calving course was qualified to one of the following categories: N - easy, without any assistance; T difficult, with farmer’s help or mechanical means used. The ratio of different calving courses of Limousin cows depending on their body weight and condition (BCS) just prior to calving was analysed. The correlation coefficient between calving course and Limousin cows BCS was low (r = -0.17), but statistically significant. The highest ratio of difficult calvings was noticed for cows for which the body weight did not exceed 500 kg (36.1%) as well as for the heaviest ones - exceeding 800 kg (25%). BCS notes 5, 6, 7 proved to be optimal (the majority of calvings were examined as easy). All of calvings from cows with notes of 1, 2, 3 had to be assisted.
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