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Presently acquired results are the outcome of, as for today, pilot-scale, preliminary study, although they were based on a tick (Ixodes ricinus) population of 533 individuals, collected from the vicinity of Szczecin. The areas sampled have been considered as recreational, which means they are frequented by a large number of people. The ticks were collected in 1996 in two seasons: spring-summer and summer-autumn. The overall prevalence of the spirochetes B. burgdorferi sensu lato, in the tick population studied, was 12.6%, while that of the spring-summer season reached 25.5%, decreasing in the summer-autumn season down to 2.3%.
Evaluation of occurrence of spirochetes Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Ixodes ricinus ticks in selected areas of the Lublin Region by polimerase chain reaction method (PCR). During the period 2001-2002, 1098 Ixodes ricinus ticks were collected at forest sampling sites and the degree of their infection with Borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes was determined by means of polimerase chain reaction (PCR). The presence of Borrelia burgdorferi genetic material was noted in 69 cases (6.3%). lt was confirmed that the frequency of infection of adult forms of ticks (males and females) was nearly twice as high as nymphs. The highest degree of infection was observed in females – 9.5%. The degree of infection among males and nymphs was smaller - 5.9% and 4.4% respectively in individual provinces. The percentage of infected females ranged from 7.9% in the Zamość Province to 13.6% in the Włodawa Province. In males, the percentage of infected ticks remained within the range from 3.1% in the Lublin Province to 13.3% in the Lubartów Province.
The article presents the results of researche ( 1999-2000) on numbers and seasonal activity of Ixodes ricinus in selected lakesides and forests habitats of Szczecin and on occurence of the spirochetes Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks. A total of 8065 ticks were collected from 6 localities: 647 larvae, 4549 nymphs, 1624 females and 1244 males. The spirochetes B. burgdorferi were found (using the PCR techniques) in 2271 specimens e.c. 28,1 % whole population. Numbers infected larvae were 216 (33,4 %), nymphs 1215 (26,7 %), females 490 (30,6 %), males 350 (28,1 %). This study shows that examinated habitats where I. ricinus is present are risk areas of human infection with Lyme disease spirochaetes.
The taxonomy of porcine intestinal spirochete isolates is defective, and thus it is of great interest to find methods suitable for use in differentiating pathogenic from nonpathogenic strains of this microorganism. The purpose of the present study was to establish properties suitable to differentiate porcine Serpulina isolates. Biochemical properties of 163 field isolates and reference strains isolated from dogs have been determined. In order to differentiate S. hyodysenteriae, S. hyodysenteriae biotype II and S. innocens it is necessary to use physiological tests (hemolysis) and biochemical tests (indole production, sugar fermentation, API ZYM) and serological tests (precipitation, microagglutination, to a lesser extent growth inhibition test) with specific cross absorbed antisera. All strains of S. hyodysenteriae were characterized by indole production, about 10% of the strains fermented fructose, but did not ferment mannitol and did not produce galactosidase and β-glucuronidase. Less than 50% of the strains of S. hyodysenteriae biotype II produced indole, not many fermented mannitol, all isolates produced phosphoamidase, while not many isolates produced α-galactosidase and β-glucuronidase. Strains of S. innocens were characterized by a lack of indole production, all fermented mannitol, not numerous produced phosphoamidase, all produced α-galactosidase and about 50 % of strains produced β-glucuronidase. Strains of S. hyodysenteriae and S. hyodysenteriae biotype II mostly belong to serotype two and they did not react with antisera for S. innocens. In order to improve routine laboratory diagnostics of swine dysentery the authors suggest performing tests for hemolytic activity, indole production, API ZYM test and, if possible, serological typing.
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