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During a post-mortem examination of 53 birds from 25 species in 11 birds abormalities in anatomical structure or position of coeca were found. These abnormalities included a shortened one coecum comparing to other one, a firm connection of coecum with ileum, asymetrial position of both coeca. These changes point to changeability of coeca in some species of birds. The changes were noted in 3 waswings, 2 yellowhammers, 1 maffinch, songtrush, blackbird and swallow. In two robins the third coecum as a developmental disturbance was found.
The research was carried out on 24 Californian breed rabbits, aged 12 weeks, weighing between 1.8 and 2.2 kg, from which the caecum content were taken and placed in fermentation in vitro. 0.15 ml of toltrazuril was added to the content in the vessels (the experimental group), which resulted in the final concentration of 25 ppm of toltrazuril in the vessel. In the analyses of gases obtained during fermentation it was determined that CO₂ had the most substantial percentage, above 70%, CH₄ had a smaller percentage of 15% of the gases produced in the caecum content, while hydrogen and hydrogen sulphide had the least considerable portion of it. During the fermentation the amount of the gases produced changed and the zenith of fermentation took place between the second and fourth hour of incubation. The addition of toltrazuril to the caecum content of a rabbit leads to an increase in the value of CO₂:CH₄ not observed in the control experiments. The addition of toltrazuril causes the increase in the hydrogen level which may result from changes in either the composition or activity of bacteria releasing H₂.
In 50 domestic fowls: ducks, geese, turkeys and chickens, the content of vitamin C in the wall of glandular stomach, jejunum and caecum was determined. Vit. C was determined in tissues and blood plasma by the Roe-Kuether method, the level of an intermediate product of synthesis of D-glucuronic acid by the Bitter method, and the activity of L-gulono-y-oxidase active in the terminal stage of vitamin C synthesis by the Chatterjee method. The level of ascorbic acid synthesis was higher in the walls of the digestive tube in geese and ducks (321.1-294.2 mg/kg of tissue) than in turkeys and chickens (277.7-189.7 mg/kg of tissue). The authors conclude that there exists a close relationship between the synthesis of ascorbic acid, D-glucuronic acid and L-gulono-y-oxidase in domestic fowls. An increase of enzymatic activity of L-gulono-y-oxidase increases vitamin C biosynthesis. The synthesis of vitamin C in tissues of domestic fowls depends on the species and rearing conditions.
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