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Poultry production proved to be a significant source of bioaerosols. The exposure to high concentration of microorganisms in the air can cause primarily irritations, infections, allergies, and toxic effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the seasonal biodiversity of airborne fungi in the poultry house, in the surrounding area, as well as to estimate health risk. Seasonal investigations were conducted in the spring, summer, autumn and winter 2010 in the poultry house located near Wrocław in Lower Silesia (Poland). The air samples were collected with the use of a Merck MAS-100 onto nutrient Sabouraud agar and were incubated for 5 days at 26°C. Subsequently the colonyforming units (CFU) were determined. The identification of the isolated fungi was made in accordance with the standard procedures. In the summer and autumn when the weather conditions are most friendly for the spread and the development of numerous microorganisms, fungi were more abundant in the surrounding area than in early spring and winter, when both humidity and temperature were lower. The total of 26 species were analysed (10 in the poultry house and 17 in the surrounding areas). Among 12 fungal genera: Aspergillus, Penicilium, Alternaria, Exophiala, Mycelia sterilla, Fusarium, Cladosporium, Scopulariopsis, Chaetomium, Acremonium, Candida and Rhodotorula nearly everything occurred to be the potential respiratory allergens.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of crossbreeding indigenous Hair Goat with Saanen on carcass quality characteristics of kids under an intensive production system. Twenty four male kids from purebred Hair Goat and Saanen × Hair Goat (F1 and B1) crossbred genotypes were weaned at 75-80 days of age and fattened for 56 days. Slaughter weights were 17.42, 18.22 and 16.79 kg and chilled carcass weights were 6.49, 7.29 and 6.69 kg for Hair Goat, F1 and B1, respectively. The organ weights, dressing percentages, M. longissimus dorsi area, fatness parameters, carcass measurements, subcutaneous fat colour, carcass joint weights and percentages and dissected leg compositions of kids were similar (P>0.05) in genotype groups. It is concluded that crossbreeding indigenous Hair Goat with Saanen at F1 and B1 levels did not result in any improvement in quality carcass production of kids under an intensive production system.
Immersing Siberian sturgeon fry of an average body mass of 40 ± 4 g in epin solution (0.1 mg⁻¹) resulted in an increase of ceruloplasmin level over the entire experimental period (P < 0.001). The differences between the treated and control groups gradually increased reaching the maximum in the fourth and fifth weeks of the study when average levels of ceruloplasmin in the epin-treated group were 2.5 and 5.7-fold higher, respectively. In the control group, ceruloplasmin levels were considerably higher in the first four weeks in comparison to the last two weeks (P < 0.01). The bacteriolytic activity of lysozyme increased up to 50% compared to the control group (P < 0.05) in the first and fourth weeks. The sturgeon in the epin-treated group also showed from 10 to 65% higher concentrations of γ-globulin levels than the control fish, and in the second week the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.01). Simultaneously, total protein concentrations also increased (P< 0.05).
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