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Analyse of funigi prevalence and their species in the digesive tract of adult persons and children. 1081 faecal sample were examined, 723 from adult persons and 358 from children. Fungal strains were recovered in 67.9% samples from adult persons and in 69.8% from children. There were found 8 species of fungi: Candida albicans, C. famata, C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. glabrata, C. guilliermondii, C. kefyr, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Bacteriological infections and mycoses have recently been on the increase. They are increasingly more difficult to combat because of the ever-rising resistance of the strains to the so-far effective antibiotics. The increase in mycosis cases should not be attributed to health-care factors alone. Agriculture and food-processing industries play a huge part. The authors deal with the strategies deployed in combating fungal pathogens.
The post-infection resistance of plants is connected with synthesis of defensive compounds like enzymes - chitinase and ß-1,3-glucosidase and secondary metabolites – phytoalexins. The purpose of this work was review of literature relative to plant-pathogen interactions. The chitinase and ß-1,3-glucosidase induction and their meaning in plant-pathogen interactions was discussed in detail.
The aim of this study was to compare the activity of hydrolytic enzymes in yeast-like fungi isolated from cows with clinical and subclinical forms of mastitis. The study included 91 strains of fungi of the genera Candida, Trichosporon and Geotrichum isolated from cows with fungal inflammations of the udder. Fungal colonies were identified by the API 20 C AUX test (bioMerieux) and the APIWEB computer program (bioMerieux). The yeast enzyme profile was determined by the API ZYM test (bioMerieux, Poland). API ZYM is a semiquantitative micromethod capable of quickly identifying 19 enzymatic reactions. Leucine arylamidase showed the highest enzyme activity. High enzymatic activity was also shown by acid phosphatase XI, and the average activity was shown by esterase, esterase lipase, and α-glucosidase. Minimal activity (or none) was shown by α-fukosidase, α-mannosidase, β-glucuronidase, both galactosidases (α and β), α-chymotrypsin and trypsin. Our study demonstrated statistically significant differences in esterase activity between the Candida and the Trichosporon and between the Candida and the Geotrichum genera, in lipase esterase activity between the Trichosporon and fungi of the Candida and the Geotrichum genera, in â-galactosidase activity between the Candida and fungi of the Trichosporon and the Geotrichum genera, and in valine arylamidase activity between the Geotrichum and the Candida types. Yeast-like fungi produce a large number of enzymes that affect the course of a fungal infection. Enzyme activity can therefore disrupt the fungus-udder balance in favor of the fungus.
Mycotic infections are an increasing diagnostic and therapeutic problem in pathology of the alimentary tract. The work shows the results of research on the large intestine candidosis. The following invasive factors were isolated: Candida albicans, C. guilliermondi, C. pseudotropicalis, C. tropicalis. Rectoscopic views were described. In severe C. albicans infections HIV test were performed. Four patients were HIV positive.
20
72%
Over the years 1996-1997 mycological examination were performed in 367 persons with cutaneous lesions, returning from the tropics. Fungal infection was diagnosed in 141 patients. Twenty nine (42.65%) of the cases were of single-focal, 32 (47.06%) of bifocal and 7 (10.29%) of multifocal nature. One hundred forty one isolates included 50 (35.6%) moulds 23 (16.3%) yeast - like fungi and 68 (48.1%) dermatophytes. Genus classification of the dermatophytes was as follows: Microsporum - 16 (23.5%), Epidermophyton - 15 (22.1%), Trichophyton - 37 (54.4%). Over the years 1996-1997 the following dermatophyte species were isolated: M audouini, M. ferrugineum, M canis, T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes var. granulosum, T. tonsurans, T. violaceum, E. floccosum. Microsporum genus was isolated from persons returning from East, West and Central Africa, and from South Europe, Trichophyton genus was isolated from persons returning from Asia and South America.
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