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Impact of systemic cryotherapy on physical fitness

88%
Background: Systemic cryotherapy has broad effects on the human body. These include improved immunity, accelerated tissue regeneration, activation of thermoregulatory mechanisms, analgesic effects, and reduced muscle tension and spasticity without compromising strength. Aim of the study: To evaluate the effect of systemic cryotherapy on physical fitness. Material and methods: The 43 participants (42 – 53 years of age) underwent 10 daily treatments in a nitrogen cryochamber over two consecutive weeks. Each cryochamber treatment lasted for 3 minutes at -130°C. Physical fitness was tested before and after the cryochamber treatment course using elements of three physical testing methods (a functional movement screen, a TKKF physical fitness test and a general fitness test). Results: After cryotherapy, there was a visible improvement in the first four exercises of the fitness test with fewer participants feeling pain during movement, and more able to perform the exercises correctly or perfectly. For the remaining three exercises, the changes occurred in fewer subjects and to a lesser extent. Conclusions: Systemic cryotherapy was associated with improved physical fitness. It can be used to help increase overall physical fitness as a complementary and supportive process.
Zmiany w składzie starzejącego się ludzkiego ciała są przedmiotem zainteresowania zarówno gerontologów jak i geriatrów; odzwierciedlają czynniki genetyczne i środowiskowe, takie jak aktywność fizyczna, żywienie i choroba, jak również fizjologiczne procesy starzenia się. Istnieje wiele dostępnych metod umożliwiających zrozumienie różnych przedziałów u ludzi. Badania nad składem ciała w wyższej grupie wiekowej prowadziliśmy w tym samym laboratorium przez około dwadzieścia lat stosując czteroprzedziałowy model przy wykorzystaniu całkowitej zawartości w organizmie potasu oraz wody. Błędy, którymi obarczone są takie metody, zostały dokładnie przedyskutowane w innych pracach. Prospektywne badania składu ciała, przeprowadzone w ramach tej pracy, u tych samych mężczyzn i kobiet od wieku 70 do 81 lat wykazały spadek ciężaru ciała podczas tego dziesięciolecia u obu płci, średnio o 7 kg u mężczyzn i 6 kg u kobiet. Ten spadek ciężaru ciała mógł być częściowo spowodowany obniżeniem zawartości tłuszczu. Zmiany w zawartości tłuszczu w ciele były jednak zbyt małe, by osiągnąć znamienność statystyczną. Co się tyczy masy komórkowej ciała, nasze badania wykazały, że utrata ciężaru ciała u mężczyzn bardziej odpowiada utracie masy komórkowej, natomiast u kobiet bardziej utracie tłuszczu. W tym kontekście warto zauważyć, że ćwiczenia fizyczne kończyn dolnych, włączając ćwiczenia siłowe, są skuteczne także u osób starszych. Ponadto, wyniki kilku prac badawczych wykazały, że zastosowanie wysiłku fizycznego może być efektywną metodą zapobiegającą utracie zawartości mineralnej kości i osteoporozie. W naszej pracy najważniejszą przyczyną spadku ciężaru ciała podczas ósmej dekady życia był spadek zawartości wody w ciele, głównie wody pozakomórkowej.
The focus of the present study are valuable natural areas, and its purpose is to present the beneficial effects of the forest environment in these areas on the human body. The study has analysed the results of research by various, mainly foreign, authors concerning the treatment of the forest environment in Poland referred to as “forest therapy”, “sylwotherapy.”Research has shown that being in a forest environment helps to preserve mental balance, strengthens the immune system and stimulates organism’s regeneration. Differences in the impact of different types of forests were also observed. Pine forests calm down, lower blood pressure and help the respiratory system. Broadleaved forests stimulate, improve mood and enhance the ability to concentrate by affecting various aspects of human life. The results of the analyses show that in Poland the interest in forest therapy could be another form of raising public awareness by informing people how important is the role of the forest, not only in nature but also for human health.
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the concentration of Al3+ ions and the substrate/enzyme ratio on pepsin and trypsin activity in vitro. The experimental design was a combination of three Al3+ ion concentrations (0.25; 2.5 and 25.0 μg Al3+/ml of reaction solution) and two substrate/enzyme ratios (S/E = 10 and 100 for pepsin, and 100 and 1000 for trypsin). Enzymatic activity was determined by the Folin method based on the reaction of tyrosine with the Folin reagent. It was found that the concentration of Al3+ ions influenced activity of pepsin which increased with the increasing metal ion concentration in the reaction milieu. Al3+ ions did not affect activity of trypsin. Proteolitic activity of pepsin and trypsin depended on substrate/enzyme ratio. Higher concentration of substrate decreased efficacy of enzymatic protein breakdown in vitro.
The environment is used as a broad umbrella term for all sources of allergens which may cause allergic hypersensitive reaction of the immune system of humans. Westernization of life leads to increased average consumption of food additives (natural and xenobiotics) – starting from over 5kg (10lbs) annually with a strong tendency to intensify. Modern technologies of food production often employ substances improving quality, texture, colour, taste, acidity or alkalinity. Haptens present in food or drugs, penetrating organism via gastrointestinal tract, may be responsible for symptoms not only in the gastrointestinal tract itself, but also in peripheral organs. Mechanisms of hapten action within human body are different – they include reactions when the immune system is involved (allergic hypersensitivity) and not involved (food intolerance also known as non-allergic hypersensitivity). Food intolerance is a more frequent phenomenon diagnosed in 20-50% of cases; food allergy affecting 6-8% children and 1-2% adults. Our work elucidates mechanisms of hypersensitivity responses to haptens, and characterizes major haptens applied as food additives.
Background. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. In Ukraine, cardiovascular mortality is 66.7%. Material and methods. We examined 371 patients with myocardial infarction ( MI) with comorbid pathology who had undergone 90 days of rehabilitation. We studied the possibility of quantitative estimation of comorbid pathology, the condition of functional reserves in patients with MI, their connection with clinical markers of reduced exercise tolerance and comorbidity index. Results. We established close correlations between the six-minute walk tests conducted on the 10th, 30th and 90th days of rehabilitation (6MWT10, 6MWT30 and 6MWT90) with age of patients (r6MWT10 = -0.199; r6MWT30 = -0.287; r6MWT90 = -0.410 P < 0.05), SpO₂ (r6MWT10 = -0.399; r6MWT30 = -0.265; r6MWT90 = -0.248; P < 0.05), left ventricular ejection fraction (r6MWT10 = 0.706; r6MWT30 = -0.670; r6MWT90 = -0.583; P < 0.0001), troponin levels (r6MWT10 = -0.210; r6MWT30 = -0.312; P < 0.05); creatinine (r6MWT10 = -0.148; P < 0,05) and Charlson comorbidity index (r6MWT10 = -0.323; r6MWT30 = -0.398; r6MWT90 = -0.427; P < 0.0001). Conclusions. Markers of reduced exercise tolerance in patients with MI were age, SpO₂, ejection fraction, levels of troponin, creatinine, lymphocytes, Charlson comorbidity index.
It is well documented that physical activity can induce a number of various stimuli which are able to enhance the strength and endurance performance of muscles. Moreover, regular physical activity can preserve or delay the appearance of several metabolic disorders in the human body. Physical exercise is also known to enhance the mood and cognitive functions of active people, although the physiological backgrounds of these effects remain unclear. In recent years, since the pioneering study in the past showed that physical activity increases the expression of the brain derived neurothophic factor (BDNF) in the rat brain, a number of studies were undertaken in order to establish the link between that neurothrophin and post-exercise enhancement of mood and cognitive functions in humans. It was recently demonstrated that physical exercise can increase plasma and/or serum BDNF concentration in humans. It was also reported that physical exercise or electrical stimulation can increase the BDNF expression in the skeletal muscles. In the present review, we report the current state of research concerning the effect of a single bout of exercise and training on the BDNF expression in the brain, in both the working muscles as well as on its concentrations in the blood. We have concluded that there may be potential benefits of the exercise-induced enhancement of the BDNF expression and release in the brain as well as in the peripheral tissues, resulting in the improvement of the functioning of the body, although this effect, especially in humans, requires more research.
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