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A field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Station Krasne near Rzeszów in the years 2010–2012. The experiment was established in the split-plot design including the control treatment in 4 replications, on a soil classified as the good wheat complex. The aim of this study was to estimate and compare an effect of several methods of weed control, i.e. mechanical with harrowing , chemical (with the recommended and lowered dose of a herbicide) and combining both of those methods with a reduced dose of a herbicide on the state and degree of weed infestation of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) and common wheat (T. aestivum L.) cultivars, Harrowing of durum wheat and common wheat crops, combined with spraying with a dose of the herbicide Granstar Ultra SX 50 SG reduced by a half, limited weed infestation as effectively as the chemical method with the recommended dose of a herbicide. A good effectiveness of harrowing in weed control, including the predominant taxons Chenopodium album and Stellaria media, was obtained in both durum wheat and common wheat cultivars crops. Durum wheat cultivars Durobonus and Duroflavus proved to be less competitive in relation to weeds as compared with common wheat. A similar species composition was observed in the weed communities of tested cultivars, and differences concerned the amounts and air-dry weight of weed species.
A field experiment was carried out in 2007–2009 on rendzina soil. The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of different levels of agrotechnic (a – control object; b – twice harrowing; c – Mustang 306 SE; d – herbicide and foliar fertilizer Insol 3; e – herbicide and two fertilizers: Insol 3 and FoliCare 18 : 18 : 18) on yielding of naked (Cacko) and husked (Krezus) varieties of oats. Krezus variety was characterized by a significantly higher number of panicles per 1 m2 rather than naked variety Cacko as well as higher weight of grain per panicle and weight of 1 000 grains. As a result, the obtained grain yield was twice higher in relation to the naked oat. More successful method of plant protection was chemical treatment with herbicide, compared with twice harrowing. The use of foliar fertilizers significantly increased the number of panicles per 1 m2 in comparison to control object but had no significant influence on the grain yield.
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