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1

Fruit-feeding behaviour and use of olfactory cues by the fruit bat Rousettus leschenaulti: an experimental study

100%
Tang Z. H., Sheng L. X., Parsons S., Cao M., Liang B., Zhang S. Y.
Acta Theriologica
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2007
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tom 52
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nr 3
This paper describes the feeding behaviour ofRousettus leschenaulti Desmarest, 1820 on lychees, the preferred cultivated food of this bat in captive conditions. We found that feeding comprised 25–30% of the total activity of these animals in a flight cage and that feeding durations were not significantly different between two sexes. To evaluate the role of odor and vision in foraging behaviour, we provided animals with artificial lychees, real lychees and artificial lychees soaked in the juice of real lychees and we recorded the number of feeding approaches to the different “fruit” types. The results indicated that bats approached real fruit significantly more than artificial fruit, and that the number of approaches to the soaked artificial fruit was also significantly higher than to the unsoaked artificial fruit. There were no significant differences between sexes in approach rates to any “fruit” type. We discuss the role of different sensory cues in the foraging behaviour of these bats and emphasize that the olfactory cue is important in detecting food resources and discriminating between different kinds of food items.
2

Flying-fox (Megachiroptera: Pteropodidae) flight altitudes determined via an unusual sampling method: aircraft strikes in Australia

84%
Parsons J. G., Blair D., Luly J., Robson S. K. A.
Acta Chiropterologica
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2008
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tom 10
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nr 2
3

The northernmost fossil locality of fruit bats [Megachiroptera, Mammalia] in the Miocene of Belchatow [Poland]

84%
Rzebik-Kowalska B., Kowalski K.
Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia
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2001
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tom 44
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nr 1
4

Analysis of twinning in flying-foxes (Megachiroptera) reveals superfoetation and multiple-paternity

67%
Fox S., Spencer H., O'Brien G. M.
Acta Chiropterologica
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2008
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tom 10
|
nr 2
Published records of twinning and superfoetation in monotocous wild mammals are rare. Flying-foxes (Pteropodidae, Megachiroptera) occasionally produce twin offspring, fraternal twins, as well as superfoetation twins. Superfoetation occurs where a foetus is conceived when there is a foetus already developing. The resultant twins may be months apart in developmental stages so that one twin is usually born prematurely. Here, we review the current literature available on twinning and superfoetation in flying-foxes, and describe nine occurrences of multiple conceptions in Australian Pteropus species. Differences in sex and age of offspring clearly showed that most resulted from simultaneous or serial ovulations, not zygote splitting, thus excluding monozygous twinning. Additionally, an example of superfoetation is genetically analysed using six highly polymorphic microsatellite loci, to show multiple-paternity of superfoetation twins. Multiple births by flying-foxes are rare, leading the authors to conclude that the polyovulation constraint theory, found in the Microchiroptera, is not applicable in flying-foxes. The rare occurrence of additional ovulations do not usually produce additional live offspring. Post-ovulatory constraints, including the extra energetic demand twins place on a female flying-fox, are implicated in preventing successful production of multiple offspring.
5

Food habits of Orii’s flying-fox, Pteropus dasymallus inopinatus, in relation to food availability in an urban area of Okinawa-jima Island, the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan

67%
Nakamoto A., Kinjo K., Izawa M.
Acta Chiropterologica
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2007
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tom 09
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nr 1
The diet of the Orii's flying-fox, Pteropus dasymallus inopinatus, a subspecies of the Ryukyu flying-fox, was investigated on Okinawa-jima Island, Japan. The Orii's flying-fox is a generalist forager that feeds on 78 plant species from 62 genera and 43 families. They consume fruits of 53 species, flowers of 20 species, and leaves of 18 species. Cultivated or naturalized plants composed almost half of the diet. Diversity in the diet may be an adaptation to unstable food conditions on this small subtropical island. The number of individual Orii's flying-foxes fluctuated greatly corresponding to monthly changes in food availability, especially that of Ficus microcarpa, which was the animal's main food resource throughout the year. Orii's flying-foxes may adapt to an urban environment by intensively using areas with abundant planted trees.
6

Sympatric fruit bat species (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) in the Comoro Islands (Western Indian Ocean): diurnality, feeding interactions and their conservation implications

67%
Trewhella W. J., Rodriguez-Clark K. M., Davies J. G., Reason P. F., Wray S.
Acta Chiropterologica
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2001
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tom 03
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nr 2
The fruit bats Pteropus livingstonii and Pteropus seychellensis comorensis coexist on two of the Comoro Islands, in the Western Indian Ocean. Pteropus livingstonii is more diurnally active than P. s. comorensis. Differences exist in the feeding strategies exhibited by both species when feeding together on kapok (Ceiba pentandra), with P. livingstonii dominant in aggressive interactions with P. s. comorensis. Preliminary investigations suggest that, although there may be some overlap in feeding ecology, with both species feeding on native forest plants, there may be little evidence of overlap in the native fruits eaten. These differences complement known differences in the roosting ecology, flight behaviour, morphology and timing of reproduction of the two sympatric Pteropus species, and suggest that P. s. comorensis does not act as a major limiting factor on P. livingstonii. The implications for the conservation of the Critically Endangered P. livingstonii are discussed.
7

Temperature and humidity differences between roosts of the fruit bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus (Geoffroy, 1810), and the refugia of its ectoparasite, Afrocimex constrictus

67%
Reinhardt K., Naylor R. A., Siva-Jothy M. T.
Acta Chiropterologica
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2008
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tom 10
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nr 1
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