Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 16

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 1 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  foot
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 1 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
The abductor hallucis flap is commonly used as a pedicled flap (distally or proximally based) in the management of ankle, heel, and mid-foot lesions, where it is ideally used for closing defects. This study investigates the anatomical details of this muscle regarding its various forms of insertion and its arterial supply in 15 cadaveric feet. Four types of insertion could be distinguished: type A, insertion at the proximal phalanx of the big toe (46.7%); type B, insertion by two slips into the base of the proximal phalanx and the sesamoid bone (33.3%); type C, insertion at the sesamoid bone (6.7%); And type D, the insertion is divided into superficial tendinous and deep fleshy parts which are attached to the base of the proximal phalanx and to the metatarsophalangeal joint capsule of the big toe, respectively (13.3%). As regards the arterial supply, three patterns were noticed: pattern A (40%) where the medial plantar artery (MPA) is divided into superficial and deep branches that supplied the muscle; pattern B (53.3%) where the MPA failed to produce a deep branch but instead continued as the superficial branch supplying the two ends of the muscle; and pattern C (6.6%) where the MPA continued as a deep branch supplying the muscle. A superficial branch of MPA provided a branch to the abductor hallucis muscle from its proximal part. In two specimens (13.3%), the lateral plantar artery shared in the supply of the most proximal part of the muscle. These results can be useful in determining the appropriate flap design based on the abductor hallucis type of insertion and the pattern of its arterial supply in the patients. (Folia Morphol 2010; 69, 1: 54–61)
The anatomical method with Computer- Digital Image Analysis system served to examine large skin arteries of the crus and the fool in 152 human specimens. Their sources were: 1. popliteal artery (rr: gastrocnemii: medialis - 62.89%, lateralis - 78.95%), 2. anterior tibial artery (n. peronealis laterarlis superior- 97.37%, a. peronealis lateralis inferior - 62.50%, cr. collateralis inferior lateralis - 78.95%), 3. posterior tibial artery (r: circumflexus fibulae - 75.66%, r. soleus lateralis - 48.03%, r. musculi flexoris hallucis longi - 84.87%), 4. peroneal artery (r. perforans - 86.84%) and 5. medial plantar artery (r. profundus - 89.47%). The following ones characterized themselves with the longest course: a. peronealis lateralis superior (112±21 mm), r: gastrocnemius medialis (93±11 mm) and r. soleus lateralis (91±8 mm). The largest flaps supplied successively: r. gastrocnemius medialis (8530±1125 mm²), a. peronealis lateralis superior (7920±1227 mm²), r. profundus a. plantaris medialis (7580±1820 mm²), r. gastrocnemius lateralis (7320±1320 mm²), r. soleus lateralis (7140±1630 mm²) and a. collateralis inferior lateralis (6220 ±1981 mm²).
Introduction. Sport biomechanics focuses on the evaluation of athletes’ running stride characteristics with training shoes and barefoot. Few studies have assessed the running performance of shod and unshod preadolescent athletes, and they have been carried out only in laboratory conditions. Aim of Study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of preadolescent athletes in the 1000 m running event by applying two protocols: with training shoes and barefoot. Material and Methods. Forty three (n = 43) preadolescent athletes were recruited for the study. In the fi rst testing session the participants’ anthropometric data and their VO₂max were recorded. The athletes were randomly assigned to compete in two testing protocols in counterbalanced order. The t-test assessed the performance in two protocols while the ROC curves were applied to illustrate the discrimination between performances relative to the athletes’ gender. Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis was applied to evaluate the inter-correlations between the athletes’ VO₂max, and their anthropometric characteristics during an 1000m running event shod and unshod. Results. The results showed that boys performed better than girls in the 1000 m event, shod and unshod. Pearson’s correlation analysis presented a substantial effect on the VO₂max and body fat in the preadolescents’ performance in both protocols. In spite of the fact that boys performed slightly better than girls, the t-test did not confirm the signifi cant differences in the athletes’ 1000 m performance barefoot. Conclusions. The importance of the present study lies in the fact that the running performance of preadolescent athletes barefoot is not worse than their performance in training shoes, and this can provide an incentive for future research concerning the content of training programs of young athletes.
Although the baboon is considered a good animal model in biomedical research, no description of the superficial veins of the foot in Papio anubis is found in the available literature. The current study was conducted to document the anatomy of these veins in the baboon foot. A macroscopic anatomical investigation was carried out on 20 hind legs (10 cadavers) of the adult Papio anubis (9 males and 1 female). The circulatory system of the entire body was filled with coloured latex. Traditional methods were used for the preparation of the veins of the legs. These were then compared with the venous system of the lower extremities in humans as presented in the literature. The medial and lateral metatarsal veins, the dorsal venous network, the long saphenous vein and the short saphenous vein in Papio anubis were described according to their origin, course, opening, length and diameter. The network observed was divided into three types with respect to the connections between the superficial veins. The investigation revealed no symmetry in the venous system of the baboon foot. The short saphenous vein appeared to be the main vein of the hind leg in Papio anubis and the long saphenous vein ran as a double vessel.
Structure of the manus and pes has long been a source of confusion in ankylosaurs, owing to the imperfect preservation or complete lack of these parts of the skeletons in most specimens, and the fact that many species appear to have undergone a reduction in numbers of digits and phalanges. New specimens of Pinacosaurusfrom Alag Teeg in Mongolia confirm that the phalangeal formula of the manus is 2−3−3−3−2. However, there are only three toes in the pes, which has a phalangeal formula of X−3−3/4−3/4−X. Importantly, the number of phalanges in the third and fourth pedal digits can vary between either three or four per digit, even within the same specimen. The Alag Teeg site has yielded as many as a hundred skeletons of the ankylosaur Pinacosaurus, most of which were immature when they died. Each skeleton is preserved in an upright standing position, with the bones of the lower limbs often in articulation. The remainder of the skeleton, including the upper parts of the limbs, is generally disarticulated and somewhat scattered. Based on the presence of large numbers of juvenile Pinacosaurus specimens at Alag Teeg, as well as other Djadokhta−age sites (Ukhaa Tolgod in Mongolia, Bayan Mandahu in China), it seems juvenile Pinacosaurus were probably gregarious.
Reports that describe abnormalities of the muscles and tendons of the leg and foot are important with regard to understanding the function of the lower limb and correlating these abnormalities with the clinical aspects. Variations in the insertion of the extensor hallucis longus muscle were studied in 60 adult human cadavers. Three different patterns of insertion were noticed. Pattern I (65%): the extensor hallucis longus muscle had a single tendinous insertion on the dorsal aspect of the base of the distal phalanx of the big toe. Pattern II (26.67%): the muscle terminated in two tendons. Pattern III (8.33%): the muscle terminated in three tendinous slips. Various sites of insertion of the extensor hallucis longus muscle were recorded other than the dorsal aspect of the base of the distal phalanx of the big toe. These were the dorsal aspect of the base of the proximal phalanx of the big toe and the capsule of the first metatarso-phalangeal joint or a connection with the tendon of the extensor hallucis brevis. The frequency of occurrence of lateral deviation of the big toe at the metatarsphalangeal joint (hallux valgus) was recorded. It is suggested that the presence of these variations in the insertion of the extensor hallucis longus muscle may have a role in explaining its association with hallux valgus.
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 1 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.