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The characteristics of flowers, and of clumps of selected iris species and varieties, from the Limniris section

100%

Kulig M., Wronski M., Ostafin K.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Horticulture and Landscape Architecture

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2013

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tom 34

2

Flower colour polymorphism in Geranium nepalense (Geraniaceae): adaptation to non-pollinator agents

86%

Tang X. X., Liu H. L., Zhang C., Wang Y., Zhang X. M., Yi Y.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2016

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tom 64

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nr 4

Flower colour polymorphism is attributed to pollinator or non-pollinator mediated selection. Geranium nepalense has common white morph and very rare pink morph. We compared pollinator visitation frequencies, temperature and soil moisture between two morphs in the mixed morph population. We also compared morph ratio and reproductive success between white and pink flower individuals. Our results indicated that no visitor groups were different between two colour morphs. But visitor groups differed in visits between two years. Halictidae preferred pink morph in the year of 2012 but showed no discrimination in 2014, whereas Syrphidae preferred white morph in 2014 but no discrimination in 2012. Overall, pink morph produced more seeds than white morph, but exhibited variation between two years. However, visitor discrimination was not the main cause of the difference in female fitness. Soil moisture was not different between two colour morphs. Temperature of white morph was lower than pink in evening but not different in morning and noon. The results indicated that non-pollinator factors may exert the selective pressure to maintain the flower colour polymorphism in this species. Although pollinators did not exert selection on the flower colour polymorphism, we suggest that they provided potential pollination environment of fluctuating selection to drive flower colour evolution if visitors were limited.

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Is this a new species, hybrid or maybe phenotypic plasticity results? The role and significance of phenotypic plasticity of flowers in taxonomy of Dactylorhiya majalis (Rchb.) P. F. Hunt and Summerh. (Orchidaceae)

58%

Faltyn A., Jakubska-Busse A.

Acta Botanica Silesiaca

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2008

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tom 03

In the paper we present the results of studies on the variability range of the flower colour, size and shape in D. majalis. The research was carried out in three populations, deliberately chosen so that to exclude the possibility of hybridisation with other orchid species. The obtained results confirm a wide range of phenotypic plasticity of a taxon, in extreme cases causing problems in species identification. The performed analyses demonstrate that the labellum index, similarly to the colour of the flowers and the shape and the pattern of labellum, have a wide range of individual variability, which makes it quite difficult to classify taxa within the genus.

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Changes in flower colour among Lady Group of Chrysanthemum x grandiflorum /Ramat./Kitam. as a result of mutation breeding

58%

Lema-Ruminska J., Zalewska M.

Folia Horticulturae

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2005

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tom 17

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nr 1

61-72

5

Relationship between carotenoids content and flower or fruit flesh colour of winter squash (Cucurbita maxima Duch.)

58%

Seroczynska A., Korzeniewska A., Sztangret-Wisniewska J., Niemirowicz-Szczytt K., Gajewski M.

Folia Horticulturae

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2006

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tom 18

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nr 1

6

Survey of plant pigments: molecular and environmental determinants of plant colors

58%

Mlodzinska E.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2009

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tom 51

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nr 1

7-16

It is difficult to estimate the importance of plant pigments in plant biology. Chlorophylls are the most important pigments, as they are required for photosynthesis. Carotenoids are also necessary for their functions in photosynthesis. Other plant pigments such as flavonoids play a crucial role in the interaction between plants and animals as visual signals for pollination and seed scattering. Studies related to plant pigmentation are one of the oldest areas of work in plant science. The first publication about carotenoids appeared in the early nineteenth century, and the term "chlorophyll" was first used in 1818 (Davies, 2004). Since then, the biochemical structure of plant pigments has been revealed, as have the biosynthetic pathways for the major pigments that provide a useful variety of colors to blossoms and other plant organs. There is widespread interest in the application of molecular methods to improve our knowledge of gene regulation mechanisms and changes in plant pigment content. Genetic modification has been used to alter pigment production in transgenic plants. This review focuses on flower pigmentation, its biochemistry and biology. It presents a general overview of the major plant pigment groups as well as rarer plant dyes and their diversity and function in generating the range of colors observed in plants.

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Aesthetic aspects of plant communities of ruderal urban sites in Szczecin

58%

Kazimierska N., Szymura M., Wolski K.

Biodiversity: Research and Conservation

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2009

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tom 13

8

Biala barwa kwiatow u koniczyny czerwonej [Trifolium pratense L.]

58%

Goral H.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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2007

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tom 517

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nr 1

325-330

The purpose of this study was to determine the inheritance of white flowers in plants isolated from the short corolla tube population of red clover and to compare seed yield components in plants with white and red flowers. In progenies from intercrossing of short corolla tube plants and their crosses with individual plants of cv. Nike, several percent of plants had white flowers. This trait was controlled by one recessive gene. White flowered plants exhibited normal vigour and seed set, but produced a lower number of flower heads per plant as compared to cv. Nike plants. White flower trait may serve as a marker in genetic and breeding studies. Its usefulness is limited, however, by late manifestation during the development.

9

Sila kontrastu

51%

Narkiewicz M.

Kwietnik

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2006

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nr 11

30-31

10

Ocena stabilności roślin uzyskanych z zarodków somatycznych u chryzantemy wielkokwiatowej (Chrysanthemum x grandiflorum /RAMAT./KITAM.)

44%

Lema-Rucinska J., Sliwinska E.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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2009

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tom 539

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nr 2

Chryzantema wielkokwiatowa (Chrysanthemum x grandiflorum /RAMAT./KITAM.) jest jednym z najważniejszych gatunków wśród roślin ozdobnych w produkcji ogrodniczej na świecie. Obecnie coraz częściej sadzonki chryzantemy produkowane są in vitro w laboratoriach z użyciem technologii kultur tkankowych. Metodą mikrorozmnażania, która umożliwia osiągnięcie najwyższej wydajności, jest somatyczna embriogeneza. Badaniom poddano mikrosadzonki chryzantemy wielkokwiatowej odmiany ‘Richmond’ uzyskane z zarodków somatycznych zregenerowanych na siedmiu rodzajach zmodyfikowanej pożywki MS, zawierających stałą zawartość auksyny 2,4-D (4 mg∙dm-3) oraz różną zawartość cytokinin, BAP lub KIN (1; 2; 5 mg∙dm-3). Kontrolę stanowiły rośliny rosnące na pożywce bez regulatorów wzrostu uzyskane z merystemów. Ploidalność roślin określono za pomocą cytometrii przepływowej. Celem badań była ocena stabilności roślin pod względem fenotypowym, biochemicznym oraz genetycznym. Stwierdzono, że stężenie regulatorów wzrostu w poszczególnych pożywkach w warunkach in vitro nie miało wpływu na barwę kwiatostanów odmiany ‘Richmond’ in vivo, jednak wpłynęło na zawartość antocyjanów w kwiatach języczkowatych, która była wyższa u roślin uzyskanych z zarodków somatycznych w stosunku do roślin kontrolnych otrzymanych z merystemów. Analiza cytometryczna zawartości jądrowego DNA potwierdziła stabilność genetyczną mikrosadzonek; wszystkie one wykazywały tę samą ploidalność co materiał wyjściowy. Potwierdziło to przydatność somatycznej embriogenezy w hodowli nowych odmian oraz do produkcji mikrosadzonek chryzantemy.

11

Domestication and genetics of the yellow lupin [Lupinus luteus L.] and the biotechnological improvement of lupins

44%

Swiecicki W., Rybczynski J., Swiecicki W. K.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2000

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tom 41

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nr 1

Ograniczanie wyników

The characteristics of flowers, and of clumps of selected iris species and varieties, from the Limniris section

Flower colour polymorphism in Geranium nepalense (Geraniaceae): adaptation to non-pollinator agents

Is this a new species, hybrid or maybe phenotypic plasticity results? The role and significance of phenotypic plasticity of flowers in taxonomy of Dactylorhiya majalis (Rchb.) P. F. Hunt and Summerh. (Orchidaceae)

Changes in flower colour among Lady Group of Chrysanthemum x grandiflorum /Ramat./Kitam. as a result of mutation breeding

Relationship between carotenoids content and flower or fruit flesh colour of winter squash (Cucurbita maxima Duch.)

Survey of plant pigments: molecular and environmental determinants of plant colors

Aesthetic aspects of plant communities of ruderal urban sites in Szczecin

Biala barwa kwiatow u koniczyny czerwonej [Trifolium pratense L.]

Sila kontrastu

Ocena stabilności roślin uzyskanych z zarodków somatycznych u chryzantemy wielkokwiatowej (Chrysanthemum x grandiflorum /RAMAT./KITAM.)

Domestication and genetics of the yellow lupin [Lupinus luteus L.] and the biotechnological improvement of lupins