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Flow cytometry is a method of identification biological agents that has various applications. It has been applied for identifying many types of antigens in various materials, including environmental samples. Recently it has been noticed that this method could be used for molecular detection of biological agents. The purpose of this work was to apply flow cytometry with nested-PCR for the molecular identification of B. anthracis. Paramagnetic streptavidin-coated beads were used to capture the resulting fluorophore-labeled sequences. The results show that flow cytometry can be successfully used to detect specific fluorescein- dUTP and a biotin marked sequences.
In this work evaluation of usefulness of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) CCH2 and AAC10 directed against early - pUL44(DB52) and late - ppUL83(pp65) CMV antigens, utilized in Department of Virology, NIH for routine diagnosis of CMV infection by shell vial and pp65 antigenemia assay, for determination of CMV antigens by flow cytometry in human leucocytes, isolated, infected and cultivated in vitro was presented.
Lymphocytes of haematologically and serologically EBB-positive cows were isolated and incubated with CD4, CD8, Cdllc and alpha bovine IgM markers, produced by Int. ILRAD Peter Maesseus. The cells were analysed immediately following fluorescein marking, in flow cytometer (FACS Calibur - Becton Dickinson). The number of proliferating B lymphocytes with increased IgM marker expression was high, testifying to early infection of the cattle with bovine leukemia virus (BLV). The expression of CD4 and CD8 markers in Th and Tc lymphocytes in leukemic cows was more pronounced than in healthy animals. The changes were accompanied by a decreased production of natural killer (NK) cells.
Infections of the respiratory tract are very common in young children. They may affect the quality of life and have a great economic impact. On the other hand, respiratory tract infections through MALT system play a positive role in the maturation and development of the immune system. The aim of the study was to examine quantitative and qualitative changes of T and B cells and granulocytes surface molecules in 24 children with recurrent (more than 8 episodes per year) infections of the respiratory tract and in 18 healthy children. The expression of CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8 on T cells; HLA-DR, CD19, CD5/CD20 on B cells, and CD11a/CD18, CD11b/CD18, CD62L, CD16 on granulocytes from peripheral blood was evaluated by a flow cytometry method. We observed a significant increase in the CD5+/CD20+ positive cells on B cells. We also observed a decreased expression of CD11c+/CD18+ cells, CD11a, and CD62L on granulocytes. The expression of other structures on lymphocytes and the CD11b/CD18+ on granulocytes remained unchanged. CD5+/CD20+ cells constitute a filogenetically old population responsible for the production of IgM of low specificity and affinity for specific antigens. The prevalence of this fetal phenotype population may be explained as a delayed maturation of the humoral immune system leading to increased susceptibility to infections. A lower percentage of CD11a may be related to the blockade of that molecule by rhinoviruses.
Due to the presence and activity of mammary stem cells (MaSC), growth and remodelling of mammary gland during puberty and lactation cycles is possible. In this study the number of putative mammary stem/progenitor cells was examined in 20 months old non-pregnant Holstein-Friesian heifers. Cells were double-stained with fluorescent dye-conjugated antibodies against stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1) and fibronectin type III domain containing 3B (FNDC3B), and were analysed Rusing scanning cytometry and flow cytometry. Nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst 33342. Scanning and flow cytometry revealed 2.43±0.32% and 1±0.37% of MaSC in total cell number, respectively.Sca-1posFNDC3Bpos cells did not express estrogen receptor (ERα), confirming their undifferentiated phenotype. In conclusion, scanning cytometry is a preferable method for evaluation of the number and localization of MaSC in situ, whereas, flow cytometry with cell sorting enables further genomic and biochemical analyses of isolated cells.
We analysed chromosome lengths, karyotype structure, and nuclear DNA content (flow cytometry) in diploid (2n=20) and triploid (2n=30) European H. lupulus var. lupulus, American H. lupulus var. neomexicanus (2n=20) and Japanese ornamental hop, H. japonicus (F/2n=16; M/2n=17). Diploid female representatives of H. lupulus var. lupulus and H. l. var. neomexicanus differed in total length of the basal chromosome set (23.16 µm and 25.99 µm, respectively) and nuclear 2C DNA amount (5.598 pg and 6.064 pg) but showed similar karyotype structure. No deviation from the additivity, both in chromosome length and 2C DNA amount was evidenced in triploid monoecious H. lupulus (2n=30, XXY). H. japonicus showed different karyotype structure, smaller basal chromosome set (F/18.04 µm, M/20.66 µm) and lower nuclear DNA amount (F/3.208 pg and M/3.522 pg). There are first evaluations of nuclear genome size in diploid, not commercial representative of European H. lupulus var. lupulus and American H. lupulus var. neomexicanus and first attempt to determine the absolute male and female genome size in two Humulus species.
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