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We investigated the effect of a triterpene saponoside from Lysimachia thyrsiflora L. upon the viability, proliferation, morphology and cell motility of human melanoma HTB-140 cells and human skin fibroblasts (HSFs). The compound, denoted LTS-4, decreased the viability and rate of cell growth of both cell types in a time-and dose-dependent manner, and proved cytotoxic against cancer cells at significantly lower concentrations than for fibroblasts. LTS-4 also affected the morphology of the examined cells, causing vacuolisation and actin cytoskeleton disintegration, and had an inhibitory effect on the tumour cell motility.
We investigated the effect of native and modified high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) on the viability and the membrane fluidity of normal and diabetic fibroblasts. Under experimental conditions, HDL did not affect the cultured normal cells. Incubation of HDL with diabetic fibroblasts resulted in a negligible decrease in the cell viability and induced an increase in the lipid fluidity at surface of the cell membranes. LDL at the higher concentration reduced the viability both normal and diabetic fibroblasts and also enhanced the fluidity of membrane lipids. The above changes in the fluidity of fibroblast membranes were observed mainly in the presence of native and oxidized lipoproteins and are connected with the differences in the structure of cell membranes and nature of the cytotoxicity of LDL and HDL.
The aim of the present study was to investigate effects of some classical and new antidepressants on functional activity of the glucocorticoid receceptor (GR) induced by low corticosterone concentration in mouse fibroblast cells stably transfected with mouse mammary tumor virus-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase plasmid (LMCAT cells). We found that the transcriptional activity of GR stimulated by 50 nM corticosterone was strongly attenuated by imipramine, desipramine, fluoxetine and tianeptine in a concentration-dependent way, whereas reboxetine had only a weak effect and venlafaxine was inactive. Further study revealed that the inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase - mitogen-activated protein kinase (JNK-MAPK), SP600125 (0.1 µM), reversed the imipramine-induced suppression of GR function, whereas the inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-MAPK, PD 98059 (15µM), potentiated the antidepressant action. No effect of selective inhibitors of p38-MAPK, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K)/Akt, and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK-3) on the imipramine-induced inhibition of GR function was detected. These data indicate that the functional activity of GR evoked by low corticosterone concentration in LMCAT cells is efficiently inhibited by tricyclic antidepressants. Moreover, it was found that JNK- and ERK-MAPK were oppositely involved in the regulation of the imipramine-induced inhibition of the GR functional activity. Thus, the present study supports the notion that the interaction of antidepressants with GR may play a role in attenuating pathological hyperactivity of HPA axis in depression.
Macrophage-mediated early nonspecific immunological response is an important part of the immunity against intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii. The immunological functions of macrophages are closely connected with iron metabolism and acquiring of iron mainly from transferrin by the receptor-mediated endocytosis. The level of specific transferrin receptors can be modulated by different soluble exogenous and endogenous factors and also by microbial pathogens. The goal of our study was to determine the influence of T. gondii infection and toxoplasma lysate antigen (TLA) on the expression level of transferrin receptors (TfRs) on mouse macrophages and fibroblasts which can serve as host cells for the parasite replication. The level of TfRs was measured using CELISA assay. Strong down-regulation of the receptors level, started about 18 hours after infection of macrophages with a high number of freshly harvested tachyzoites T. gondii. Stimulation of the mouse cells with TLA antigen did not cause any changes in TfRs expression. In our studies we did not observe any differences in the TfRs level on mouse fibroblasts even after incubation with high concentrations of TLA antigen or inoculation with a high number of tachyzoites.
Degradable aliphatic polyesters such as polylactides, polyglycolides and their copolymers are used in several biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. We analyzed the influence of poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) thin films on the adhesion, proliferation, motility and differentiation of primary human skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts in the context of their potential use as cell carriers for skin tissue engineering. We did not observe visible differences in the morphology, focal contact appearance, or actin cytoskeleton organization of skin cells cultured on PLGA films compared to those cultured under control conditions. Moreover, we did not detect biologically significant differences in proliferative activity, migration parameters, level of differentiation, or expression of vinculin when the cells were cultured on PLGA films and tissue culture polystyrene. Our results indicate that PLGA films do not affect the basic functions of primary human skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts and thus show acceptable biocompatibility in vitro, paving the way for their use as biomaterials for skin tissue engineering.
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