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The study compares milk, protein and fat yields of cows of four genotypes in relation to their body weight. The obtained results showed that Jersey cows were characterized by the highest milk, protein and fat productivity per 100 kg of body weight.
Applicability was evaluated of second-, third- and fourth-order Legendre polynomials (LPs) as lactation curve models for prediction the 305-day lactation yields. First lactation milk, fat and protein yields were calculated using the standard lactation curve method (LCM) and data collected during lactations truncated at 60, 100, 200 and 305 days-in-milk. All results were compared with the official lactation yields of cows. Data consisted of 5,289,576 test-day yields from 668,964 lactations of Black-and-White heifers. Standard lactation curves were modelled by LPs of the second (L2), third (L3) and fourth (L4) orders within 64 classes of genetic group by age at calving by season of calving.LPs of the highest order (L4) were the best-fitted lactation curve models, followed by L2 and L3 polynomials, showing that LPs of even orders are more suitable for fitting lactation curves. It is concluded that 305-day yields of heifers can be predicted with sufficient accuracy when the lactation curve parametres are derived using tests from the first 200 days-in-milk.
Associations were studied between the polymorphic forms of bovine β4-defensin gene and milk traits in cows during the standard (305 days) and the whole lactation. The study was carried out In the years 2004-2007 on 207 Holstein-Friesian cows yielding on the average 9600 kg milk/year. The animals were in their first to fifth lactation, maintained in loose barn and fed ad libitum with TMR (total mixed ration) composed of maize silage, wilted grass silage and concentrates supplemented with minerals and vitamins. The diets were formulated according to the INRA standards. Milk production data were collected from the individual cows’ records during their consecutive lactations.The RFLP-NlaIII method was used to identify the polymorphic forms of β4-defensin gene (C and T).A total of 616 records of standard and 837 of the whole lactation for milk, milk fat and milk protein yield and fat and protein content of milk were statistically evaluated using one-trait repeatability animal model with DMU package.The cows of CC genotype yielded more milk than cows of genotype CT during both the standard (+181 kg, P≤0.05) and the whole lactation (+241 kg, P≤0.05). The CT cows produced milk with higher protein content (P≤0.01 and P≤0.05 for standard and whole lactation, respectively), but the protein yield did not differ significantly between the two genotypes in question. Moreover, no significant differences were identified in fat content of milk between the CC and CT genotype, but the fat field was higher (P≤0.05) in homozygous CC cows.
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