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Male Wistar rats were exposed for 3 and 6 months to NH4F in a toxicological chamber. Some animals received sodium salts of quercetin sulfonic acids at a dose of 5 or 20 mg/kg body weight. It was found that quercetin alleviates biochemical changes in the liver caused by ammonium fluoride, in particular concerning enzyme activities and lipid metabolism.
Changes in activity of one of the most important enzymes of nitrogen compound metabolism - glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH EC 1.4.1.2-4) under the conditions of variable concentrations of Cd2+, Zn2+, Pb2+ were investigated. Dry matter increase and glutathione (GSH) levels varying under these conditions were also analyzed. The obtained results show a close relationship between the concentration of the investigated metal ions, especially Cd2+, and the metabolism of primary amino acids. The increase of the heavy metal concentration resulted in a many-fold GDH activity increase, significant decrease of the seedling mass, and lowering of the GSH level. The increase of GDH activity may attest to the important role of that enzyme in catabolic processes intensified under these conditions, or to the increasing importance of the reductive amination of 2-oxoglutarate in the states of physiological stress caused by the presence of heavy metals. The observed relationship concerns the plant's photosynthetizing organs rather than its root system.
The fluoride content in drinking water and hen ankle bones of 48 localities in northern and central Poland was determined. The mean fluoride concentration in water was 0.1 - 0.4 mg/1, in bones 0.4 - 0.6 mg/g. An insignificat correlation between the fluoride content in hen bones and drinking water was found in this study. Hen bones are not well suited for use as a bioindicator for assessment of environmental fluoride pollution.
The study is focused on environmental assessments of impacts by former briquette factory at the Nagymányok area in South Hungary. The (former) industrial zone is located in a northern valley of the Eastern Mecsek Mountains. Until the 1990s this company was the largest briquette factory in Hungary and the demolition works are still incomplete. Former investigations were based on only five samples. Our sampling sites were selected on the basis of the source of the contaminations and then we covered the whole area in equal distribution. We used the A1-F6 codes for the sample places. We have started from southwest to northeast. The samples were analyzed for Total Petrol Hydrocarbons (TPHs), Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and for heavy metals. The area was heavily contaminated by TPHs and moderately heavy metals (such as Cu, Cr, Zn and Pb). Highest contaminant concentrations were found around the former industrial buildings, especially between the boiler-house and the coal-pillbox. In the industrial area the mean of the detected values is below the upper limit of the legal exposure values, but among the former industrial buildings higher (e.g. toxic level) concentration values were detected in multiple samples. Based on our investigation the pollutant can be transported by wind or by water on the surface (stream bed) or underground. The hazardous material can easily reach some part of the city, therefore reclamation is necesarry.
Background. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) as other persistent organic pollutants like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) pose a significant hazard to human health, mainly due to interference with the endocrine system and carcinogenetic effects. Humans are exposed to these substances mainly through a food of animal origin. These pollutants are globally detected in human matrices which requires to dispose reliable and simple analytical method that would enable further studies to assess the exposure of specific human populations to these compounds. Objective. The purpose of this study was to modify and validate of the analytical procedure for the simultaneous determination of selected PBDEs, PCBs and OCPs in human blood serum samples. Material and Methods. The analytical measurement was performed by GC-μECD following preparation of serum samples (denaturation, multiple extraction, lipid removal). Identity of the compounds was confirmed by GC-MS. Results. The method was characterised by the appropriate linearity, good repeatability (CV below 20%). The recoveries ranged from 52.9 to 125.0% depending on compound and level of fortification. The limit of quantification was set at 0.03 ng mL-1 of serum. Conclusions. The modified analytical method proved to be suitable for the simultaneous determination of selected PBDEs, PCBs and OCPs in human blood serum by GC-μECD with good precision.
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