Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Factor structure of swimmers for evaluating endurance and predicting 5000-m indoor and open water swimming performance

100%

Vural F., Ozkol M. Z., Aksit T.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity. The Journal of Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport

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2019

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tom 11

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nr 2

2

Differences in the oxygenation of the forearm muscle during isometric contraction in trained and untrained subjects

100%

Usaj A.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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2002

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tom 07

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nr 2

The aim of this study was to test a hypothesis that a longer duration of isometric contraction is related to an increased oxygenation status of the muscle. A group of trained rock climbers and untrained subjects performed 15 kp sustained isometric contraction until fatigue set in. The oxygenation status was assessed using near infrared spectroscopy (ISS, USA). The results support the hypothesis. The concentration of relative oxygenated hemoglobin was higher in the rock climbers than in the untrained subjects. The relative total hemoglobin did not differentiate the two groups enough to show that blood volume also strongly inﬂuences contraction time.

3

Physiologische Reaktionen beim Schwimmen vor dem Hintergrund der historischen Entwickling des Schwimmsports

84%

Skipka W.

Aktywność Ruchowa Ludzi w Różnym Wieku

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2006

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tom 10

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nr 2

4

Evaluation of preadolescent athletes’ running performance in a middle distance event

84%

Pilianidis T., Mantzouranis N., Siachos N., Smirniotou A., Zacharogiannis I., Spiros K.

Trends in Sport Sciences

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2013

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tom 20

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nr 1

Introduction. Sport biomechanics focuses on the evaluation of athletes’ running stride characteristics with training shoes and barefoot. Few studies have assessed the running performance of shod and unshod preadolescent athletes, and they have been carried out only in laboratory conditions. Aim of Study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of preadolescent athletes in the 1000 m running event by applying two protocols: with training shoes and barefoot. Material and Methods. Forty three (n = 43) preadolescent athletes were recruited for the study. In the fi rst testing session the participants’ anthropometric data and their VO₂max were recorded. The athletes were randomly assigned to compete in two testing protocols in counterbalanced order. The t-test assessed the performance in two protocols while the ROC curves were applied to illustrate the discrimination between performances relative to the athletes’ gender. Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis was applied to evaluate the inter-correlations between the athletes’ VO₂max, and their anthropometric characteristics during an 1000m running event shod and unshod. Results. The results showed that boys performed better than girls in the 1000 m event, shod and unshod. Pearson’s correlation analysis presented a substantial effect on the VO₂max and body fat in the preadolescents’ performance in both protocols. In spite of the fact that boys performed slightly better than girls, the t-test did not confirm the signifi cant differences in the athletes’ 1000 m performance barefoot. Conclusions. The importance of the present study lies in the fact that the running performance of preadolescent athletes barefoot is not worse than their performance in training shoes, and this can provide an incentive for future research concerning the content of training programs of young athletes.

5

Influence of strength, endurance and concurrent training on the lipid profile and blood testosterone and cortisol response in young male wrestlers

67%

Mirghani S. J., Alinejad H. A., Azarbayjani M. A., Mazidi A., Mirghani S. A.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity. The Journal of Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport

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2014

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tom 06

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nr 1

Background: There is little information regarding the effects of concurrent training (endurance and resistance training) on the fat profile, blood testosterone and cortisol response. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of concurrent training on the fat profile, blood testosterone and cortisol response in young male wrestlers. Material/Methods: Twenty-four young male wrestlers voluntarily participated and were randomly assigned to three groups, namely: endurance training (ET, N=8), strength training (ST, N=8) and concurrent training (CT, N=8). The groups did their training programs three sessions per week. Results: The findings of this study showed that high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased by 33.54% in the strength group (P=0.02). Total Testosterone (TT) experienced a decrease by 30.68% in the endurance group (P= 0.02) and by 41.55% in the concurrent group (P=0.02). Cortisol (cor) increased by 55.73% in the endurance (P=0.00) and by 41.55% in the concurrent (P=0.02) group, respectively. Testosterone-to-Cholesterol ratio (TT:Cor) decreased by 125.80% by and 78.12% in the endurance (P=0.00) and concurrent (0.04) groups, respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the decrease in HDL, an increasing trend in TT in the strength training group and also a decrease in TT and an improved lipids profile in the endurance and concurrent training groups can be a function of the training type.

6

The effect of training on plasma L-carnitine metabolism in purebred Arabian horses

67%

Kedzierski W.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2010

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tom 19

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nr 3

The aim of this study was to evaluate how training affects plasma total, free and esterified L-carnitine concentrations in horses. The study was done on a total of 32 healthy, trained purebred Arabian horses. The 32 horses comprised two groups. In the first group, 12 stallions and 6 mares three-year-old involved in race-training were studied at rest. In the second group, 14 stallions were studied during a typical race or endurance training session. Jugular venous blood samples were collected to determine lactic acid (LA), free fatty acids, glycerol, triacylglycerides (TG), and the total esterified and free L-carnitine contents. The race training session caused a significant increase in blood LA and plasma esterified L-carnitine, glycerol, and TG levels. It also caused a decrease in the plasma free L-carnitine concentration determined just after the end of exercise. Compared with endurance training, high-intensity racing exercise increased the plasma esterified L-carnitine concentration and decreased that of free L-carnitine according to training intensity.

7

Maximal oxygen uptake is associated with the snp 13470 G>C polymorphism of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 gene (mtND5) in Caucasians from Poland

67%

Gronek P., Holdys J., Krysciak J., Stanislawski D.

Trends in Sport Sciences

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2013

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tom 20

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nr 4

Introduction. Physical performance displays a great interindividual variance in both general population and among well-rained athletes. Genetic factor has an important contribution in this variance. The aim of this study was to examine the association between maximal oxygen uptake and genetic variants of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 gene (mtND5) in Caucasians from Poland. Material and Methods. The studies were carried out in a group of 154 men and 85 women, professional athletes representing various sports and fi tness levels and students of the University of Physical Education in Poznań. Physiological and molecular procedures were used, i.e. direct measurement of maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂max) and SNP 13470 G>C polymorphism of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 gene (mtND5) was determined by restriction fragments length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results. We have found that maximal oxygen uptake is associated with BamHI+/+ homoplasmic variant of the mtND5 gene in Caucasians from Poland. We have also observed positive infl uence of BamHI+ allele on level of maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂max).

8

A single nucleotide polymorphism rs553668 in the ADRA2A gene and the status of Polish elite endurance athletes

67%

Sawczuk M., Maciejewska-Karlowska A., Cieszczyk P.

Trends in Sport Sciences

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2013

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tom 20

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nr 1

Introduction. The variance in human athletic ability is the result of interaction of both genetic and environmental factors. The ADRA2A gene that encodes adrenergic receptors α2 is likely to be a candidate gene because ADRA2A receptors are crucial for precise cardiovascular control and are involved in the regulation of adipocyte lipolysis, glucose metabolism and insulin secretion. Several genetic variants of the ADRA2A gene have been identified, and one nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs553668 seems to be of special importance. On the basis of results of available studies it is assumed that the C allele of rs553668 might be associated with the status of Polish elite endurance athletes. Aim of the Study. The purposes of the study were to determine the distribution of the ADRA2A rs553668 SNP genotypes within a sample of Polish elite endurance athletes and sedentary controls to investigate a possible association between genetic polymorphisms in the ADRA2A gene and elite endurance athlete status and to check for an association between the rs553668 genotypes and alleles and the athlete status. Material and Methods. The study was performed on a group of 123 elite Polish endurance-oriented athletes. Control samples were prepared from 228 unrelated, sedentary volunteers. Results. No statistical differences were found between the endurance athletes and the control group across the ADRA2A C/T genotypes. Similarly, no statistical differences among the subgroups of top-elite, elite and sub-elite endurance athletes were observed. Conclusions.We found that the C allele as well as C-containing genotypes were not significantly more frequent in endurance athletes than in controls. This may suggest that harboring the T allele of the SNP rs553668 allele does not decrease the probability of being an endurance-oriented athlete in the Polish population. In respect to the analyzed population of Polish endurance athletes the ADRA2A gene can not be considered a candidate determinant of individual variations in exercise-related phenotypes.

9

Changes in maximal aerobic fitness and students’ attitude towards physical effort during outdoor and indoor school lessons of physical education

67%

Pasek M., Michalowska-Sawczyn M., Nowak-Zaleska A.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity. The Journal of Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport

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2014

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tom 06

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nr 1

Background: The aim of the research was to determine an influence of an increased number of outdoor lessons of Physical Education on aerobic fitness and to evaluate students’ attitude towards endurance efforts. Material/Methods: In the presented research project a group of students participated in a school program of Physical Education on the basis of a higher number of lessons realized in the natural environment in the vicinity of school. The subjects were a group of 220 students from 4 schools of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, who were subjected to initial and final measurements during two school years. The most important assumption of the research stated better effects of outdoor classes of Physical Education in comparison with indoor classes and the shortage of experimental factor influence on the correlation change between objective and subjective indices of fitness and attitudes related to it. Results: In the experimental group the most distinct differences between initial and final tests concerned the endurance measurement, similarly to the control group in which, however, the improvement in the final test was less noticeable. The correlation among three analyzed variables was significant for both research groups. The comparison of results of students from the experimental and the control groups demonstrates a positive influence of outdoor lessons on the level of endurance and, to a lower degree, on the feeling of effort fatigue and mood. Conclusions: The research was conducted with a use of three research tools: the mood scale, Cooper’s test and the subjective fatigue feeling with finished effort scale that allow a positive verification of the presented hypothesis, which should be an encouragement for wider practicing of innovative activities to bring closer the assumed aims of Physical Education to the aims actually achieved.

10

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Relationships between physical characteristics and ranking of young tennis players

67%

Meckel Y., Hophy A., Dunsky A., Eliakim A.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2015

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tom 10

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nr 2

The purpose of the present study was: 1) to determine young tennis players’ fitness and anthropometric characteristics; and 2) to determine to what extent these characteristics relate to the players’ national ranking. Forty young (age 15.1 ±0.4) trained male tennis players, who were ranked from 1 to 40 in their age group in the country’s youth tennis players list, were tested for speed, speed endurance, flexibility, strength, specific agility and quickness, aerobic capacity, height, and weight. Significant correlations were found between the players’ ranking and speed (r = 0.430 – 0.475), specific agility and quickness (r = 0.626), speed endurance (r = 0.562), strength (r = –0.416), aerobic capacity (r = –0.581), flexibility (r = 0.352), height (r = –0.443), and weight (r = –0.293). Stepwise regression analysis indicated that specific agility and quickness accounted for almost 40% of the players’ ranking, while its combination with the players’ height accounted for 56%. The results imply the overall importance of anaerobic capabilities and tennis-specific movements to the young tennis players’ ranking. The results also emphasize the importance of tennis-specific tests to the young tennis players’ performance evaluation.

11

Zginanie elementów betonowych zawierających zdemontowane faliste płyty azbestowo-cementowe

67%

Marszalek H.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Architectura

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2005

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tom 04

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nr 1

12

Effects of three-day bed rest on metabolic, hormonal and circulatory responses to an oral glucose load in endurance or strength trained athletes and untrained subjects

67%

Smorawinski J., Kaciuba-Uscilko H., Nazar K., Kubala P., Kaminska E., Ziemba A. W., Adrian J., Greenleaf J. E.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

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2000

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tom 51

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nr 2

Ograniczanie wyników

Factor structure of swimmers for evaluating endurance and predicting 5000-m indoor and open water swimming performance

Differences in the oxygenation of the forearm muscle during isometric contraction in trained and untrained subjects

Physiologische Reaktionen beim Schwimmen vor dem Hintergrund der historischen Entwickling des Schwimmsports

Evaluation of preadolescent athletes’ running performance in a middle distance event

Influence of strength, endurance and concurrent training on the lipid profile and blood testosterone and cortisol response in young male wrestlers

The effect of training on plasma L-carnitine metabolism in purebred Arabian horses

Maximal oxygen uptake is associated with the snp 13470 G>C polymorphism of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 gene (mtND5) in Caucasians from Poland

A single nucleotide polymorphism rs553668 in the ADRA2A gene and the status of Polish elite endurance athletes

Changes in maximal aerobic fitness and students’ attitude towards physical effort during outdoor and indoor school lessons of physical education

Relationships between physical characteristics and ranking of young tennis players

Zginanie elementów betonowych zawierających zdemontowane faliste płyty azbestowo-cementowe

Effects of three-day bed rest on metabolic, hormonal and circulatory responses to an oral glucose load in endurance or strength trained athletes and untrained subjects