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Short review on the aggressive behaviour: genetical, biological aspects and oxytocin relevance

100%

Padurariu M., Prepelita R., Ciobica A., Dobrin R., Timofte D., Stefanescu C., Chirita R.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

2016

tom 52

In this mini-review we were interested in describing the main genetic, biological and mechanistic aspects of the aggressive behaviour in human patients and animal models. It seems that violent behaviour and impulsive traits present a multifactorial substrate, which is determined by genetic and non-genetic factors. Thus, aggressivity is regulated by brain regions such as the amygdala, which controls neural circuits for triggering defensive, aggressive or avoidant behaviour. Moreover, other brain structures such as the anterior cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex regionscould modulate circuits involved in aggression. Regarding the genetic aspects, we could mention the mutations in the monoamine oxidase or the polymorphisms of the genes involved in the metabolism of serotonin, such as tryptophan hydroxylase. Also, besides the low levels of serotonin metabolites, which seem to be associated with impulsive and aggressive traits, there are good evidences that deficiencies in glutamate transmission, as well as testosterone, vasopressin, hypochloesterolemia or oxytocin modifications could be related to the aggressive behaviour. Regarding oxytocin we present here in the last chapter the controversial results from the current literature regarding the various effects exhibited by oxytocin administration on the aggressive behavior, considering the increased interest in understanding the role of oxytocin on the main neuropsychiatric disorders.

Escape from shock versus escape from shock accompanied by a visual stimulus in rats

100%

Zielinski K., Savonenko A. V.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

2000

tom 60

nr 4

Two groups of 15 rats each were trained in a shuttle box to escape foot-shock either unsignalled or presented in compound with a visual cue: darkness. The visual cue presented in shock compartment amplifies the behavioral tendency actually prevailing in the response repertory of the rat. During the 1st session the compound enhanced the species-specific flight resulting in shortening of the rat's escape latency. Thereafter, during subsequent sessions, darkness exaggerated resistance to enter the other compartment; thus escape latencies were longer under compounded than under unsignalled procedure. The darkness cue reduces the intertrial response rate relative to the unsignalled group. This latter finding supports the discrimination model of the effect, since the compound helps the animals to discriminate the illuminated "safe" period between trials from the aversive shock period. Our data seem to suggest that the darkness presented synchronously with escapable grid-shock acquires aversive properties.

Thalamic and amygdaloid connections of the auditory association cortex of the superior temporal gyrus in rhesus monkey [Macaca mulatta]

80%

Kosmal A., Malinowska M., Kowalska D. M.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

1997

tom 57

nr 3

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

1 International Letters of Natural Sciences

1 Chirita R.

1 Ciobica A.

1 Dobrin R.

1 Kosmal A.

1 Kowalska D. M.

1 Malinowska M.

1 Padurariu M.

1 Prepelita R.

1 Savonenko A. V.

1 Stefanescu C.

1 Timofte D.

1 Zielinski K.

1 2016

1 2000

1 1997

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Short review on the aggressive behaviour: genetical, biological aspects and oxytocin relevance

Escape from shock versus escape from shock accompanied by a visual stimulus in rats

Thalamic and amygdaloid connections of the auditory association cortex of the superior temporal gyrus in rhesus monkey [Macaca mulatta]