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1
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Investigation of Ophiostoma population infected elms in Poland

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Lakomy P., Kwasna H., Kuzminski R., Napierala-Filipiak A., Filipiak M., Behnke K., Behnke-Borowczyk J.
Dendrobiology
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2016
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tom 76
Dutch elm disease (DED) still occurs in Poland. Previous studies confirmed occurring O. ulmi and two subspecies of O. novo-ulmi: subsp. novo-ulmi and subsp. amerciana. In this study the population of Ophiostoma occurred in Poland was investigated. The disease incidence was investigated on elms growing in 39 locations. The pathogen’s mycelium was isolated from elm branches and twigs collected from 22 plots. The disease symptoms were noted in 5% to 35% trees. Fungi were identified based on the PCR amplification of the ITS 1/2 rDNA together with phylogenetic analysis of this region. Ophiostoma novo-ulmi was the only agent caused DED on Ulmus glabra, U. minor and U. laevis. There were no genetic diversity of O. novo-ulmi Polish population in analyzed ITS region. All kind of specific symptoms and disease intensity occurred independently on elm species and host age. Ulmus minor was infested most sever among the three elms species.
2
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Changes in elm (Ulmus) populations of mid-western Poland during the past 35 years

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Napierala-Filipiak A., Filipiak M., Lakomy P., Kuzminski R., Gubanski J.
Dendrobiology
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2016
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tom 76
Three elm species are native to Poland: wych elm (Scots elm) (Ulmus glabra Huds.), field elm (U. minor Mill.), and European white elm (fluttering elm) (U. laevis Pall.). The epidemic of Dutch elm disease (DED) has led to a decrease in the popularity of elm cultivation. An analysis of forestry data was the first step in the assessment of elm resources. The area of forest stands where elms are dominant has more than doubled since 1978. Lowland alluvial forests rank first in regards to the number of elm localities per unit area of a given forest site type. While this site type is clearly preferred by elms, the majority of elm trees are actually scattered among sites of oak-hornbeam or closely related forests (of the alliance Carpinion betuli). Field research revealed a clear dominance of U. laevis, a species which in the past was predominantly located out of woodland and rarely cultivated. Data analysis indicated that all trees greater than 70 cm in diameter belonged to this species. Data from plots surveyed directly also suggest that the three elm species have slightly different habitat preferences. U. laevis prefers riparian habitats, although the major part of its resources is now on potential sites of oak-hornbeam or closely related forests. U. minor even more often than U. laevis occurs at less humid sites (mostly potential sites of oak-hornbeam or closely related forests), while U. glabra prefers moist slopes. In general, it appears that the impact of DED in the last 20–30 years has been smaller than in the preceding period, however, the disappearance of the disease has not been established. Undoubtedly, U. laevis is the elm species that is least impacted by DED
3

Variation of Dutch elm disease pathogen in West and North Poland

100%
Przybyl K.
Phytopathologia Polonica
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2002
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tom 24
4

Present state and gene conservation of noble hardwoods in Slovakia

80%
Gomory D., Longauer R., Paule L.
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej w Krakowie. Sesja Naukowa
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2002
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tom 86
345-354
5

Lamprodila mirifica (Mulsant, 1855) (Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae: Poecilonotini) – new for the fauna of Poland. Key to the identification of Polish species of the genus Lamprodila Motschulsky, 1860

80%
Byk A., Mokrzycki T.
Fragmenta Faunistica
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2009
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tom 52
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nr 2
The paper introduces Lamprodila mirifica (Mulsant, 1855) as a beetle new for the Polish fauna. This is a monophagous species whose larvae develop under bark of branches and trunks of elms, preferably well insolated. It was recently found on the Wiekopolsko-Kujawska Lowland, in Krajkowo near Poznań – hitherto the only locality in Poland and the northernmost in Europe. A key to the identification of Polish species of Lamprodila Motschulsky, 1860 is provided.
6
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Effect of 1,8-cineol on the biology and physiology of elm leaf beetle, Xanthogaleruca luteola (Col.: Chrysomelidae)

80%
Adibmoradi G., Sendi J. J., Tirgari S., Imani S., Razavi-Nematolahi A.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
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2018
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tom 58
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nr 4
The effect of monoterpenoid 1,8-cineol on the toxicity and physiology of elm leaf beetle, Xanthogaleruca luteola Müller under laboratory conditions (26 ± 1°C, 65 ± 10% RH and 16L : 8D h) was investigated. Initially, LC30 and LC50 values of the constituent were estimated to be 23.5 ppm and 31.9 ppm for the last instar larvae after 48 h, respectively. Significant changes were observed in the values of relative growth rate (RGR), efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI), efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD), approximate digestibility (AD) and consumption index (CI) between control and treated larvae with 1,8-cineol. The amounts of protein, glucose and urea decreased in the treated larvae in comparison with control. Similar findings were observed in the activities of alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase while the activities of glutathione S-transferase and esterase significantly increased in the treated larvae using CDNB and α-naphtyl acetates as the substrates. Morphological and histological changes brought about by 1,8-cineol in the present study are indicative of growth inhibition targeting specific organs such as those of reproduction. We believe that 1,8-cineol can be considered as a safe and environmentally friendly compound.
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