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The pistil of Solarium muricatum Aiton was composed of two carpels joined in a folded condition. The ovary was bilocular with a central placenta. The ovules were anatropous, unitegmic and tenuinucellar. The megaspore mother cell underwent meiosis in buds with the corolla shorter than the calyx, producing a linear tetrad. Embryo sac development was Polygonum-type. The embryo sacs were examined when corolla and calyx were the same length. In older ovules the hyposthase became visible. The cells in the center of the style formed a solid column of transmitting tissue. The papillate stigma was of the wet type. No anatomical or ultrastructural disturbances that would prevent seed set were observed in floral organ development.
In most higher plants, the female gametophyte is deeply embedded in the ovule. In an earlier work we isolated egg cells from maize ovule tissues and analyzed egg cell lysates by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry-based proteomics technology, and identified the major protein components expressed in these cells. The identified proteins included three cytosolic enzymes for the glycolytic pathway (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, 3-phosphoglycerate kinase, triosephosphate isomerase), two mitochondrial proteins (ATP synthase β-subunit and adenine nucleotide transporter), and annexin p35. Our data indicate that the plant egg cell is rich in an enzyme subset for energy metabolism. This article provides a short overview of major proteins in animal eggs, reports on major protein components of maize egg cells, and compares the major proteins between animal and plant eggs.
One recent advance in plant embryology is the experimental manipulation of various reproductive cells and their protoplasts under in vitro conditions. These experimental means may be helpful for understanding the developmental biology of sexual plant reproduction, on one hand, and developing novel methods in biotechnology, on the other. This article reviews a series of our works in this field. The article includes manipulation of pollen protoplasts, de-exined pollen, male gametoplasts and female gametoplasts. Each section starts with isolation of the cells/protoplasts and is followed by further manipulations such as culture, fusion, gene transfer, and also some cell biology studies based on and related to these manipulations.
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