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This study assessed the wealth of the Commune of Kostrzyn, which represents the average tax revenue per capita in Poland, and compared it with other countries and regions in the European Union. The commune was presented and compared with the county, voivodeship and country. Its economic situation was compared with that of the neighbouring communes.
The aim of the paper was to present the economic situation of farms in the countries of the EU at two different moments in time, and to attempt to assess changes in their situations in the considered period. Analyses were carried out on the basis of FADN data. The object of the study was the economic situation, including production potential, production and economic results and financial indicators. Based on selected characteristics, cluster analysis was performed for 2004 and 2013 and the economic situations of created typological groups was presented. It was found that in both the given years agriculture in the EU countries can be divided into several types. In the studied decade, convergence in the economic situation of farms in the EU was observed. Most Czech, Estonian, and Latvian entities benefited from this process.
The primary aim of this study was to assess changes in the economic and financial status of the wood industry in Poland in the period of 2006-2013. This evaluation focused on basic economic and financial factors describing changes in the wood industry in terms of revenue, costs, financial results, sale prices, export activity, exchange rates, liquidity, debt, cost efficiency and resource productivity as well as profitability. The conducted analysis showed that after a deep crisis in the wood sector in 2008 the financial situation improved markedly in the next years. The advantageous course of changes was connected first of all with increased income and reduced general expenses, resulting in a considerable increase in yields from sales as well as returns on assets and equity. Generally, no significant changes were observed in the case of other areas and criteria applied in the evaluation of financial standing in the wood sector, i.e. liquidity, indebtedness and efficiency. However, a characteristic feature of the analyzed period was connected with a considerable increase in labor efficiency. In the years 2006-2013 labor efficiency in the timber industry increased in actual terms by as much as approx. 50%, which to a considerable degree determined the reduction of unit costs and the increase in profitability.
Economic situation on Polish wood market in the second half of 2014 as well as the impact of deflation processes on the condition of sawmill enterprises was presented here.
EU membership brought new challenges for the agricultural sector. The break up of large-scale cooperatives has been changing since the process of transformation. Agricultural cooperatives still cultivate 51% of agricultural land in Slovakia. The land is leased from the state to private owners. Property rights are not settled yet. This paper deals with the comparison of profit and loss in agricultural cooperatives and other legal forms of businesses in Slovakia. Ratios of liquidity, profitability, solvency and activity were used in this research. Discrepancies found between agricultural cooperatives and other corporate forms are discussed. Because of the loss in agriculture sector last year, reasons of origin are analyzed and recommendations are given for businesses to improve their financial performance.
The European Union, consisting of integrated country organization, is very diversified when it comes to social policy models and vision of organizing social life. This article presents the most important European models considering economic aspects. The results of fighting the economic crisis and long term costs of different policies are presented.
This paper describes the indicators of the present and future economical situation. The discriminant analysis has been used. The real income increase, gross fixed capital formation and low USD/PLN exchange rate are the good prosperity indicators. The next year prosperity is indicated by high increase of the gross fixed capital formation, high current account and budget deficit values (as GDP %) and decreases of the private and public consumption expenditure, export and low unemployment rate at the end of the year.
Background. Poland is one of the largest common carp producers in the European Union. By 2006, the annual production of carp and other cyprinid fish species had reached around 17 000 t. The economic efficiency of pond farms is not only significant for the performance of Poland’s traditional carp market, but it also supports the non-productive environmental functions of earthen carp ponds. The objective of this study was to determine the costs and revenues of carp ponds, and to identify the key conditions for improving the profitability of carp farming in Poland. Materials and Methods. Data from 2005–2007 were collected through a survey of 18 carp farms keeping full accounting records of a total pond area of 17 302 ha, accounting for around 34% of the total in Poland. Data was both biological and economic. The former consisted of survival rate of different age groups of fish. The latter included farm revenues (sales of carp and other species, angling fees, and other income sources) and annual production costs. The cost was separated into two main parts, variable- and fixed costs. The income was determined by subtracting the annual total cost from the total revenue. The profitability was defined as the cost-to-income ratio. The results were compared with available economic indicators of carp production in Germany and Hungary in 1999–2002. Results. The proceeds from the sale of market-size carp had a predominant share of total revenues of the investigated farms. The variable cost consisted of labour (37%) and feed (20%), while the share of the remaining cost components did not exceed 10% of total expenses of fish farms. Only in 2007 was pond fish production profitable (merely 3.95%) while in 2005 and 2006, the total costs of the farms were higher than their revenues (on average –7.42% and –2.42%, respectively). The average survival rates of stocking carp in the studied farms, including fry between 0 and 2 years of age, were very low at 36% and 38%, respectively. The survival rates of market-size carp were much higher, on average 67%. Conclusion. The economic situation of Polish carp farms, within the studied time period, was difficult. The low survival rates of stocking carp seemed to be one of the main causes for the low return on carp production. This may be a compound effect not only of epizootic diseases but also of piscivorous animals and environmental restrictions imposed on carp ponds. Farmers could find it difficult to reconcile fish production with the pond environmental functions and the need to maintain a healthy profit margin without external financial support.
The article presents results of the development of models of the dynamics of the informatively-administrative architectures of the enterprises of the coal industry. Models are in the form of the finite-state machine and the iteration scheme. Elementary transformations are the basis of models. Models of dynamics allow will build a model of forecast of development of the IAA.
Some problems of the governmental regulations in the agricultural sector are discussed. Basing on experience of the developed countries some directions of increasing the efficiency of coordination of the market mechanism in the agro-industrial complex and state support of this complex a suggested.
Transformation of Polish economy (started at the turn of the eighties and nineties of the 20th century) has changed many socio-economic conditions of the development of all regions in Poland. The various processes which were based on transformation of the previous structures created in the centrally-steered management system and on the development of new structures, are observed in many places in Poland. One of the most popular forms of development of rural areas is agrotourism at present times. An analysis of the agrotourist development in Poland is performed in the paper. The current tendencies in the world-wide tourism have been taken into consideration The place and role of tourism both in the state policy and regional pol-icy have been shown in the state and regional documents. In the Świętokrzyskie voivodship a considerable development of agrotourist farms, with that of cooperating institutions, like agrotourist associations, consultative teams and agrotourist chambers is recently observed. The voivodship is very attractive due to its nature, landscape and monuments of culture. Basic natural resources of this region are forests. The agrotourism is a very important function of this area. First agrotourist farms were organized in 1993. Most of them are small and are not profitable, thus most of their owners became part-time farmers. The income outside the agriculture can be for them just the agrotourism. The Świętokrzyskie voivodship is visited by many tourists from various parts of Poland. Agrotourism is a real chance for the Świętokrzyskie voivodship farmers, to ameliorate their difficult economic situation.
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