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1

Dietary gender differences in terms of the risk of atherogenesis in Poland

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Smidowicz A., Regula J.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Technologia Alimentaria
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2015
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tom 14
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nr 3
Introduction. Diet plays an important role in prevention of atherosclerosis. The objective of the study was to assess differences in the dietary intake and nutritional status in women and men in terms of atherogenesis risk. Material and methods. The study involved 41 women and 49 men aged 40+. The nutrient intake was assessed using 7-day dietary records. The nutritional status was estimated on the basis of antropometric measurements and biochemical blood parameters. The differences between diets and the nutritional status depending on sex was evaluated by oneway analysis of variance. The dependencies between the nutritional status and the diet factors were assessed using multiple regression. Results and discussion. It was found that a significant proportion of the women and men were overweight or obese, had lipid disorders and impaired fasting glucose. Diets of women and men were poorly balanced. A significant correlation between the level of energy from protein, as well as the energy supply and the LDL cholesterol concetration was found in the women. A positive correlation between energy from protein as well as total energy in the diet and body weight, was observed in women and men. Moreover, protein intake was positively correlated with BMI and waist circumference among the men. In the men, the level of serum triglycerides correlated with an increase in dietary cholesterol and a decrease in energy value. Conclusion. This study indicates that an inadequate diet among both men and women represents a real health danger of developing atherosclerotic plaque.
2

More on the validation of fecal samples for the large-scale study of dietary differences between two sympatric carnivores

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Robitaille J. F., Laurence S.
Acta Theriologica
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2007
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tom 52
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nr 3
Prey occurrence from stomach and fecal samples were compared in American martenMartes americana Turton, 1806, and fisherM. pennanti Erxleben, 1777. Diets were analyzed from stomach and fecal contents in four sex-age marten groups and four fisher groups, and dietary differences tested between species, sex, age and sample sources. Prey richness was compared between the two sample sources. Relative occurrence of dominant or co-dominant prey items did not differ between stomach and fecal samples in any of the groups. However, both series revealed inter-specific contrasts. Binomial correlations of prey occurrence between sample sources were significantly negative for most prey items. Correlations of prey richness between samples sources were not significant except in larger marten sample. Our results failed to reveal a bias in using fecal sample source. Thus we suggest that diet analyses using either sample source are valid when diets are assessed in a relatively large number of animals.
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