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The objective of the study was to determine the optimal conditions for obtaining species-specific surface antigens of dermatophytes (the present authors’ methodology), as well as their protein profile analysis. The studies included the clinical isolates of the following strains: Microsporum canis, Trichophyton verrucosum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum gypseum. The analyzed strains were cultured on Sabouraud’s solid medium for 7 and 21 days at a temperature of 25°C (M. canis, M. gypseum) and at 37°C (T. verrucosum, T. mentagrophytes). Surface antigens were obtained from this material according to the present authors’ methodology, the established elution time of antigen fraction was 1.3 and 24 h. The obtained protein fractions were stored as a lyophilize at a temperature of -20°C. The protein profiles of each antigen preparation were determined by SDS PAGE technique after Laemmli. The documents and analysis of the fractions obtained were performed with Gel-Doc (Bio-Rad). The studied preparations exhibited from 8 to 18 components of 190 kDa - 14.8 kDa molecular weight, while their qualitative and quantitative composition depended on the conditions of preparation obtainment and fungus species. The comparative analysis of dermatophyte protein profiles comprised the selected preparations obtained after the 24 hours’ elution and a week of fungus culture. Besides the common components (70. 35 and 25 kDa), the examined surface antigens contained the following species-specific fractions: a band of 27.7 kDa molecular weight was characteristic for M. canis, 107 and 87.3 kDa for M. gypseum and for T. mentagrophytes - 73.6; 59.4 and 45.6 kDa. The isolation and detailed characteristics of these proteins are likely to facilitate a quick and more specific diagnostics of dermatophytoses, as well as a thorough recognition of fungus pathogenicity mechanisms.
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Mieszane zakazenie dermatofitami u kota

75%
Skin mycoses in animals are mostly caused by Microsporum canis, Microsporum persicolor, Microsporum gypseum and in rare cases by Trichophyton mentagrophyres. As a rule only one dermatophyte species is isolated from skin lesions, but at times mixed infection with bacteria occur. In the described case in a cat with typical dermatomycosis, Microsporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes were isolated simultaneously. To the best of our knowledge this is the first case of mixed dermatophyte infection to be descibed in the cat. This paralell infection may suggests, that primary infection of one dermatophyte does not prevent the animal from a secondary infection.
Grapefruit seed extract was discovered by Jacob Harich an american immunologist in 1980. Assessment of the influence of grapefruit extract on the yeast-like fungi strains - Candida albicans growth. Material used in this investigation was ATCC test Candida albicans strains no 10231, 200 of Candida albicans strains, 5 of Candida sp. strains isolated from patients with candidiasis symptoms from different ontocenosis and 12 of dermatophytes and moulds isolated from patients. The susceptibility of the Candida was determined by serial dilution method. It seems that 33% grapefruit extract exert a potent antifungal activity against the yeast like fungi strains and had low activity against dermatophytes and moulds. Further studies in vitro and in vivo on greater number of the yeast-like fungi strains and other fungi species are needed.
The aim of the study was to present the own observations concerning treatment of patients above 50 years of age suffering the toe nail dermatophyte onychomycosis with intensified subungual keratosis and considerable nail plates destruction. Three different treatment methods were administered: 40 patients were treated only with itraconazole pulse method for 3 month, 35 patients besides itraconazole were given also pentoxifylline. In case of 20 individuals besides 3-month itraconazole pulse method treatment, the amorolfine varnish application onto changed nails once a week for 6 month was administered. In the group of patients treated only with itraconazole, in 22 cases (55,0%) the cure was obtained, while in the group of individuals given the combined therapy with pentoxifylline, the cures made 71.4% (25 individuals). From among patients treated with itraconazole and external amoroltine application the cures made 75,0% (15 individuals).
Dermatophytes are a highly specialized group of keratinophilic and keratinolytic filamentous fungi causing a disease called dermatophytosis or ringworm. Although dermatophyte infections do not threaten the host’s life, they lower its quality in humans by causing discomfort related to cosmetic problems, whereas in farm animals they often cause economic losses. In this work we have summarized the latest knowledge about taxonomy, differentiation methods, mechanisms of pathogenesis and pathogen-host interaction.
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