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1

Litter spider communities and their effects on invertebrate fauna and decomposing rates in Nanjenshan Rain Forest, Taiwan

100%
Hou P.-C. L., Chien H.-C., Liu R.-T., Steinberger Y.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2019
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tom 67
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nr 3
2

Decomposition of fine woody debris from main tree species in lowland oak forests

84%
Ostrogovic M. Z., Marjanovic H., Balenovic I., Sever K., Jazbec A.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2015
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tom 63
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nr 2
Decomposition is an important carbon flux that must be accounted for in estimates of forest ecosystem carbon balance. Aim of this research is to provide estimate of fine woody debris decomposition rates for different tree species and sample sizes also taking into account the influence of specific microsite meteorological conditions on decomposition rates. In this paper we present results of the first two years of the experiment designed to last six years. Study was conducted in managed lowland oak forest in central Croatia. Decomposition rates (k) of fine woody debris (diameter 0.5–7 cm) for four species (Querus robur L., Carpinut betulus L., Alnus glutinosa Gaernt., Fraxinus angustifolia L.) in four size classes were estimated using litter bag method and mass loss equation of Olson (1963). Overall average k in our study was 0.182 ± 0.011 year-1. Results indicate that decomposition rate is affected by the size of the debris, with the smallest diameter branches (<1 cm) decomposing is significantly faster (k = 0.260 ± 0.018, P <0.05) than the larger one. Tree species from which debris had originated also affected decomposition, although to a lesser extent, with hornbeam samples having significantly (P <0.05) higher average decomposition rate (0.229 ± 0.028), compared to that of ash samples (0.141 ± 0.022). Proportion of variability in k explained by variables ‘species’ and ‘size class’ was assessed with general linear model (R² = 0.644) also taking into account variables like soil temperature and soil water content. Sample size class explained 22.2%; species explained only 9.4%, while soil water content and temperature combined explained 32.8% of the variance of k. Rate constants obtained within this study might be useful in modelling ecosystem carbon balance for similar lowland forest ecosystems in Europe.
3

Decomposition rate, and carbon and nitrogen dynamics of Sphagnum litter: lessons from a peat bog

84%
Peli E. R., Nagy J., Cserhalmi D.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2016
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tom 64
|
nr 2
Decomposition rates and changes of carbon and nitrogen contents of Sphagnum litter in mire vegetation can help to explore the ecological effects of climate change and the role of environmental factors from a local to an ecosystem scale. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between mentioned parameters in small and isolated Sphagnum dominated mires. Measurements had been conducted throughout a year by placing litterbags filled with Sphagnum biomass in three vegetation types (open peat bog, poor fen, alder carr) of a mire ecosystem in Hungary. Peat decomposition rates differed to a great extent; the slowest decomposition rate (39.1±9.52%) was in the alder carr, indicating that slower decomposition could be characteristic for this kind of vegetation type of mire. Between Sphagnum dominated microhabitats, open peat bog showed medium (65.57±4.05) while poor fen the fastest (68.61±5.5) rates in decomposition. The C/N ratio of the Sphagnum litter showed significant decrease (P <0.005) in all studied micro-environments. Slower N release was observed from litter of Alnus dominated association (31.3±6.9%) compared to Sphagnum dominated ones (56.5±8.3%). Our findings showed that the decomposition rates were more dependent on vegetation type than C/N ratio and this relationship was also revealed at a small spatial scale.
4

Effect of physical properties and cation exchange capacity on sorption of heavy metals onto peats

84%
Kyziol J.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2002
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tom 11
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nr 6
Studies on sorption of heavy metal ions (Cr2+, Cu2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+) onto peats of defined type, sort, and kind, as a function of their physical and chemical properties, as well as de­ter­mi­nation of adsorbent-adsorbate binding stability have been carried out. Among the tested peats the best sorption properties have been found for low-moor peats: Humus Peat and Rush Peat, characterized by high decomposition rates (DR). Among studied heavy metals, the greatest chemical affinity to sorption sites showed chromium ions, bound onto organic matter in insoluble forms, the lowest - zinc and cadmium ions, which mostly enriched mobile forms.
5

Dynamics of organic matter transformation in waste waters from sugar industry purified in accumulation lagoons

84%
Pulikowski K.
Journal of Water and Land Development
|
1999
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nr 03
Obtained equations allow for calculating BOD5 of sewage from sugar industry treated in 4 different types of accumulation lagoons on any day of intensive self-purification (May-September) basing on a single BOD5 measurement in the initial phase of this period and on the course of air temperature (a sum of positive temperature-days). Adopting an average course of air temperatures from a long-term period it is possible already after the first measurement to estimate BOD5 in a phase of sewage discharge to the receiver. Established equations refer to particular types of accumulation lagoons.
6

The effect of lake water characteristics on decomposition of aquatic macrophytes

59%
Kufel L., Kufel I., Krolikowska J.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2004
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tom 52
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nr 3
In situ decomposition of the hornwort (Ceratophyllum demersum L.), the buckbean (Menyanthes trifoliata L.) and leaf blades of the yellow water lily (Nuphar lutea L.) was studied with the litter bag method in three small mid-forest lakes of different pH and nutrient content. Time course of decomposition and of nutrient release from decomposing plant material was best fitted with a logarithm approximation and not by usually used exponential fit. pH of lake waters strongly affected decomposition rates of C. demersum and M. trifoliata. No effect of nutrient concentrations in lake water or in plant tissues on decomposition was noted for any of the analysed plants. Organic carbon deficit is speculated as a possible reason for the observed pH effect on decomposition rates. Modification of particulate and soluble N:P ratios are underlined as a consequence of different N and P release from decomposing plant material.
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