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The paper is next in a series dedicated to the construction of sugar dryers and coolers designed in the Technical University of Łódź, presented at subsequent BEMS conferences. Detailed design solutions providing answers to technical problems that appear while scaling up the system of the capacity ranging from 800 to 1200 tons product per day are discussed in this study. The proposed, fully original construction of a cascade fluid-bed dryer equipped with two impellers is a subject of patent claim no. P-78744. The cascade sugar dryer of capacity 1200 tons per day, designed and made in 2005 passed its practical test in a sugar campaign last year in Werbkowice Sugar Factory. It was assessed favourably by the Factory both in view of meeting the assumed technological parameters and high reliability of operation.
Приведены конструкционные схемы возвратно-поступательных стригальных машинок с их анализом и определением путей развития.
Manipulation of angiogenesis in vivo is an example of successful gene therapy strate­gies. Overexpression of angiogenic genes like VEGF, FGF or PDGF causes new vessel formation and improves the clinical state of patients. Gene therapy is a very promis­ing procedure but requires large amounts of pharmaceutical-grade plasmid DNA. In this regard we have constructed a bicistronic plasmid DNA vector encoding two proangiogenic factors, VEGF165 and FGF-2. The construct (pVIF) contains the inter­nal ribosome entry site (IRES) of the encephalomyocarditis virus (ECMV) which per­mits both genes to be translated from a single bicistronic mRNA. The IRES sequence allows for a high efficiency of gene expression in vivo. The pVIF vector was character­ized in vitro and in vivo. In vivo angiogenesis studies showed that the bicistronic vec­tor encoding two proangiogenic factors induces the formation of new vessels signifi­cantly more than pVEGF165 or pFGF-2 alone. In our opinion the combined pro- angiogenic approach with VEGF165 and FGF-2 is more powerful and efficient than single gene therapy. We also postulate that IRES sequence can serve as a useful device improving efficiency of gene therapy.
Trichoderma is one of the most exploited biocontrol agents for the management of plant diseases. In biocontrol ecology, the critical factors are detection, and the monitoring and recovery of specific biocontrol agents either naturally present or deliberately released into the environment. Protoplast fusion is an appropriate tool for the improvement of biocontrol Trichoderma strains. Protoplast isolation from Trichoderma harzianum was achieved using 24 h culture age, 6.6 mg/ml Novazym L 1412 at 30°C which resulted the maximum protoplast yield of 5 × 108/ml. The self-fused protoplasts were regenerated and 12 fusants were selected based on their growth rate on 2% colloidal chitin medium. Next, a comparison was done for chitinase and antagonistic activity. Transcriptomic analysis based on quantitative real-time RT-PCR, demonstrated that T8-05 fusant expressed 1.5 fold of chit42 transcript as compared with the parental line. This fusant with 7.02±0.15U chitinase activity showed a higher growth inhibition rate (100%) than the parent strain, against Rhizoctonia solani. To obtain a genetically marked fusant that can be used as a biomonitor, the fusant was cotransformed with the gfp and amdS genes. The morphology and viability of selected cotransformant (FT8-7MK-05-2) was similar to the parent. Green fluorescing conidia were observed within the first 2 days of incubation in the soil, and this was followed by the formation of chlamydopores after 60 days. The colonisation of the gfp-tagged fusant was also monitored visually on R. solani sclerotia by scanning electron microscopy. Production of gfp-tagged fusant of Trichoderma spp. provides a potentially useful tool for monitoring hyphal growth patterns and the population of biocontrol agent isolates introduced into environmental systems.
Приведено аналитическое описание кривых в полярной системе координат, отвечающих заданным свойствам механического (постоянство крутящего момента, создаваемого силой постоянной величины нажатия стержня вдоль нормали на кулачок, очерченный искомой кривой) и геометрического характера (постоянство угла пересечения заданной кривой с искомой при вращении последней вокруг полюса).
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