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The analysis of consolidation in organic soils

100%

Gabrys K., Szymanski A.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation

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2010

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tom 42

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nr 2

This paper is devoted to the specific difficulties connected to construction on problematic soils. Different type of structures like: road embankments, flood control levees, dykes and dams are often located in soft subsoil areas, which consists mainly of peat, calcareous soil with a very high content of calcium carbonate and other high plasticity organic and no organic soils. These soils can be characterized as highly deformable with low initial shear strength and an insufficient bearing capacity. Soft soils show a large deformation, both vertically and horizontally, under load. The settlements often appear very quickly and can also continue for a long time. The consolidation process consists here of two main stages: primary settlement and secondary (and tertiary) settlement (creep). It is essential to have a good quality description of physical and mechanical properties of soil before the calculation and construction stage. For calculations of each stage of settlement the different physical and mechanical parameters of problematic soil are applied. In this paper the analysis of organic soils deformation process is presented. The deformation characteristics were defined on the basis of laboratory tests results. Soil investigations were performed on peat samples taken from test site located in Olsztyn region. Laboratory test of physical properties and consolidation tests in oedometer were carried out. Based on laboratory test results the empirical relationships between stress and deformation as well as stress and time were elaborated in order to describe the primary consolidation in organic soils.

2

Increase of strength during consolidation of gyttja

86%

Lechowicz Z., Szymanski A.

Annals of Warsaw Agricultural University. Land Reclamation

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1986

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tom 22

3

Rationale behind and dilemmas over consolidation and cooperation of cooperative banks in Poland

86%

Kata R.

Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agrobusiness Economists

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2021

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tom 23

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nr 3

4

The influence of smear effect on the consolidation of organic soils

86%

Szymanski A., Lechowicz Z., Wolski W.

Annals of Warsaw Agricultural University. Land Reclamation

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1986

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tom 22

5

Does consolidation affect the number of bank employees - an example of Poland in 1997-2013

86%

Kozak S.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia

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2014

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tom 13

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nr 2

The paper examines the impact of consolidation of the banking sector on the number of bank employees in Poland in the years 1997–2013. Using the quarterly banking and macroeconomic data and the multivariable regression model, it was proved that banks cut the number of their employees with growing concentration of the banking sector. The process is accelerated with the improvements of the macroeconomic conditions and increasing the level of technology applied in the banking operations. Banks reduced their employment with the growing value of their assets. Additionally, raising competition in the lending and deposit markets force banks to expand their employment.

6

Investigations of the consolidation of gyttja

72%

Krol P., Lechowicz Z., Szymanski A.

Annals of Warsaw Agricultural University. Land Reclamation

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1986

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tom 22

7

Modelling the effect of suction change on a tropical black clay aquitard during consolidation

72%

Ojuri O. O., Okonta F. N.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2013

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tom 22

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nr 5

Consolidation of clayey contaminant barriers such as aquitards (natural aquifer barriers) and landfill liners can be a cause for early breakthrough of contaminants. The general objective of this research was to numerically model the rate of dissipation of pore pressures (soil suction) and change in the void ratio/soil permeability characteristics for a loaded black cotton soil (BCS) aquitard layer and thus evaluate the level of groundwater protection in semi-arid regions with BCS cover. Soil suction change was simulated by varying the degree of saturation of the expansive black clay and applying consolidation pressure. A modified Terzaghi’s 1-D consolidation equation was modeled using experimental data from the compressibility characteristics of Black cotton soils for various degrees of saturation. Proposed models for predicting the rate of dissipation of pore pressures and change in void ratio were established for the loaded BCS aquitard layer. The modeling results demonstrate the significance of evaluating the hydraulic properties of soils in relationship to their environments under simulated groundwater table and degree of saturation conditions.

8

Protection through construction of a wooden monument in Radomlje (Slovenia)

72%

Pamic R., Pohleven F.

Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty

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2015

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tom 58

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nr 195

Biodegradation of the wood, photo-degradation of the coatings and major cracks appeared on a six-metre high oak monument built in 1960. Due to three displacements and exposure to increased moisture and pests, the monument lost its original appearance. Damage due to the fixation elements became so extensive that they threatened its load-bearing capacity. During the renovation work, the monument was subjected to original and specific constructional measures and its original appearance was restored. Restoration of the original details allowed water to flow off the monument easily, hence the wood could dry quickly. The weakened and worn parts of the wood were replaced or consolidated. Dilatation between the wood, metal and stone was stopped and further corrosion processes prevented. Restoration of the cracks prevented the entry and retention of water inside. Where this was not achievable, drainage was installed and aeration of the wood was enabled. By means of a central metal mandrel and a supporting system of adjustable bolts, the bearing capacity was improved and, in the event of possible displacements, centring of the monument was made possible. Removing the external fixation elements contributed to the monument’s aesthetics. These innovative construction solutions may represent a model case for the future restoration of similar cultural monuments.

9

Consolidation and efficiency of the non-life insurance sector in Poland

72%

Kozak S.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Economics

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2010

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tom 13

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nr 1

10

Optimisation of spatial structure exemplified by the village of Filipowice

72%

Harasimowicz S., Janus J.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2010

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nr 11

The developed method of optimising a farmland arrangement system considers two basic directions when improving the layout of plots and farms: the aim of bringing farmlands closer to a farmstead site and the aim to improve the size and shape of plots. The basis for constructing this optimisation model comprises the division of consolidated land complexes into small elementary strips and the determination of distances between those strips and farmstead sites. The final result of the entire optimisation procedure is a complete digital map of a new farmland arrangement system. With this map, it is possible to compile all the documents necessary to create a cadastre. The time- and labour consuming processes of preparing data, constructing the model and solving it have been automated through the application of relevant software programs, thus, the method developed can be used in practice. The optimisation principles of farmland arrangement system were exemplified in the case of the village of Filipowice located near the city of Cracow. The optimisation performed resulted in, among other things, enlarging the mean plot area by four times and in bringing it 30% closer to a farmstead site.

11

Undrained shear strength of the heavily consolidated clay

72%

Strozyk J., Tankiewicz M.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation

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2013

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tom 45

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nr 2

The undrained shear strength (cu) is considered one of the most basic parameter characterizing soils in engineering practice. The particular importance of cu is in the case of clayey soil. This parameter also is the basis for the classifi cation of soil according to the ISO standard. The undrained shear strength usually is determined from unconfi ned compression test or from triaxial compression test. In the simple way it can be estimated from the fall cone penetrometer test as index parameter. In the presented work the results of unconfi ned compression tests for very stiff, heavily consolidated clay were shown. All analysed clay specimens were taken from the large depth, up to 303 m below terrain level. The tests results: undrained shear strength (cu) and unconfi ned compression strength (qu) were discussed in the relation on in situ consolidation stress, Atterberg’s limits and the indicatory test – fall cone test results.

12

Wheat flour flow ability as affected by water activity, storage time and consolidation

72%

Domian E., Poszytek K.

International Agrophysics

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2005

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tom 19

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nr 2

13

Fuzje, przejecia i alianse strategiczne w gospodarce swiatowej i polskiej

58%

Kraciuk J.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia

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2003

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tom 02

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nr 1

13-23

14

Sukces konsolidacji w polskim sektorze mięsnym na przykładzie PKM Duda

58%

Lacka I.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia

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2008

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tom 07

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nr 2

15

Dbalosc o utrzymanie jakosci lancuchow dostaw

51%

Twarog J.

Problemy Jakości

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2010

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tom 42

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nr 12

37-42

16

Dohler Polska - dostawca coraz bardziej kompleksowy. Rozmowa z Grzegorzem Frąckiem, prezesem Zarządu spółki Dohler Polska

51%

Przegalinska M. J., Lazarowicz A.

Przemysł Fermentacyjny i Owocowo-Warzywny

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2009

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tom 53

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nr 04

Ograniczanie wyników

The analysis of consolidation in organic soils

Increase of strength during consolidation of gyttja

Rationale behind and dilemmas over consolidation and cooperation of cooperative banks in Poland

The influence of smear effect on the consolidation of organic soils

Does consolidation affect the number of bank employees - an example of Poland in 1997-2013

Investigations of the consolidation of gyttja

Modelling the effect of suction change on a tropical black clay aquitard during consolidation

Protection through construction of a wooden monument in Radomlje (Slovenia)

Consolidation and efficiency of the non-life insurance sector in Poland

Optimisation of spatial structure exemplified by the village of Filipowice

Undrained shear strength of the heavily consolidated clay

Wheat flour flow ability as affected by water activity, storage time and consolidation

Fuzje, przejecia i alianse strategiczne w gospodarce swiatowej i polskiej

Sukces konsolidacji w polskim sektorze mięsnym na przykładzie PKM Duda

Dbalosc o utrzymanie jakosci lancuchow dostaw

Dohler Polska - dostawca coraz bardziej kompleksowy. Rozmowa z Grzegorzem Frąckiem, prezesem Zarządu spółki Dohler Polska