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The aim of this paper is to present the implementation of cohesion policy in rural areas on the example of Dolnośląskie voivodeship, based on an assessment of the direction and scale of funding for rural areas under two operational programs, the Rural Development Programme for 2007–2013 and the Regional Operational Programme of Lower Silesia Voivodeship 2007–2013. In the present study, expert-based, documentary, and k-means clustering methods were used. Studies indicate that in 2007–2013 the majority of investments from the RDP were related to improving the quality of life of rural residents. The amount of support, both in total and per capita, varied widely. Most municipalities received this support at the lowest level available on the scale of the whole province. Support for investments in rural areas of the ROP of Dolnośląskie voivodeship 2007–2013 was primarily related to the improvement of transport conditions and environmental protection projects.
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The aim of the article is to discuss issues related to the development of tourism in the context of the possibility of financial support available from cohesion policy funds in the current financial perspective for the years 2014-2020. The particular attention was paid to the multifaceted nature of modern tourism and the directions of changes in the use of Eeropean Union funds, referring to the completed programming period 2007-2013. An attempt was also made to indicate the significance of tourism in the section of the national economy of Poland and in the European Union, concentrating on its interdisciplinary character. Characteristics of cohesion policy, its goals and principles of functioning were made. The article is of a review nature, which means that the authors’ own materials and empirical material from the literature of the subject were used. The figures were obtained from reports published by the Chancellery of the Prime Minister of the Council of Ministers. It was found out that the amount of allocated funds for cohesion policy among all European Union countries in 2014-2020 is the highest for Poland and amounts to EUR 72.9 billion. There is an increase in the amount of funds allocated from the European Union to Poland, compared to the amount of allocated funds in the 2007-2013 perspective. It was also pointed out that the cohesion policy instruments mentioned above only indirectly contribute to the development of tourism, as the financing for 2014-2020 lacks programs and activities entirely dedicated to tourism.
Subject and purpose of work: EU regional policy aims to increase the economic and social cohesion of the Member States. For the programming period of 2014 - 2020 a new tool has been planned, which will contribute to the effective implementation of the cohesion policy – Integrated Territorial Investment (ITI). The aim of this article is to determine whether the direction of measures arising from the assumptions of the cohesion policy 2014 - 2020, implemented in the ITI strategy, addresses actual problems in the area covered by the ITI strategy (on the example of Kalisz-Ostrów Agglomeration - KOA). Materials and methods: The study was based on the analysis and synthesis of EU and Polish regulatory provisions on the cohesion policy 2014 - 2020, data on financial allocation for the implementation of the ITI and literature on the subject of EU regional policy. Results: The direction of measures arising from the assumptions of the cohesion policy 2014 - 2020 in the ITI strategy addresses real problems in the development of the area covered by the KOA strategy. EU funds have been planned for: promoting entrepreneurship; promoting low-carbon strategies; the development of an educated society and investments in modern infrastructure. Conclusions: Solving the problems of the areas covered by the ITI strategy will depend on the realization of the development goals. Therefore, the synergy of conditions associated with the transformation of the postulated stage into the executive stage of the cohesion policy under ITI is necessary. This synergy is associated with both the quality of human capital and the amount of financial resources as well as the competences of those involved in the implementation of the ITI concept.
The key research problem dealt with in the article concerns issues pertaining to a place of the biobased economy in the EU cohesion policy in the years 2014-2020. The fundamental question has been posed as to how objectives of the development strategies at the EU level refer to issues that come under the bio-based economy. The specified problem area allowed an aim of the research to be formulated, namely the presentation of priorities of the EU development and the possibility of their achievement in the scope of the bio-based economy in a new financial perspective 2014-2020. From the point of view of the identified research problem, planning documents were analyzed at Community level. As a result, it was determined that the Europe 2020 Strategy sets the most important priorities for the EU connected with the bio-based economy in the years 2014-2020. This statement became a basis for further research conducted in a dynamic perspective, in which possibilities of achieving indicators of the Europe 2020 Strategy in this area were determined. One applied methods of descriptive statistics in the research, including a tabular description and a description of the dynamics of a phenomenon. Values of the linear trend were also determined by means of the method of least squares. Source materials included planning documents on the development of financial perspective after 2014 which were drawn up at the EU level. As a result of conducted works, one formulated conclusions concerning development of the bio-based economy with a possibility of achieving indicators of the Europe 2020 Strategy.
Subject and purpose of work: The subject of the analysis is the concept of rural development in the European Union countries and its connection with the evolution of the common agricultural policy and the transformation of the cohesion policy. The aim of the study is to discover and assess the scale and method of supporting the rural development in the European Union countries through common agricultural policy and to present the underlying theoretical-cognitive and political-practical premises for shaping rural development strategies. Materials and methods: The official documents and subject literature are submitted for critical analysis and evaluation by authors. Results: This paper presents methods of defining and classifying rural areas and rural development through common agricultural policy and cohesion policy. It specifically outlines the concepts of multifunctional and intelligent development linked to the Europe 2020 strategy and the Cork political declarations. The new concept of smart villages and rural-urban partnership is also presented. Conclusion: The processes of rural policy separation and the need for creating national methods of the coordination of community policies and the use of European funds are indicated.
The aim of the article is to analyse dependents of disbursement of funds as part of Operational Programme Innovative Economy and level of innovativeness of Polish economy measured by SII index in 2008-2012. In the article, there are chosen instruments and forms of support of innovative projects, which as a rule, should contribute to the growth of innovativeness of Polish economy. Operational Programme Innovative Economy was used for empirical research, which, from the financial perspective in 2007-2013, is the greatest source of financing projects of innovative character. Moreover, the analysis refers to SII total innovative index, proposed in annual reports of European Commission, which measures innovativeness of the economy.
After 2004, agriculture and rural areas of Lower Silesian voivodeship were covered by financial support instruments within the frames of CAP. Direct payments played the basic significance, subsequently, the activity of RDP 2007-2013 and RDP 2004-2006, as well as SOP “Agriculture 2004-2006”. In the work there was applied the method of comparative analysis, taking into account spatial distribution of CAP instruments implementation in the districts and subregions. The most considerable support in Lower Silesian voivodeship was obtained by subregion of intensive agriculture, especially the inhabitants of rural areas of Wrocław district. Absorption of support means connected with particular sectors of the EU programs consolidates the leading functions of each subregion of Lower Silesia region, which result from environmental, economic and location conditions. The issue of concern has become significant diversity of financial support level counted per 1 ha of arable land and per one farm. In subregions and districts the support level is very low, it is especially important to combine the instruments of common agricultural policy and cohesion policy.
The subject of the article is regional policy in Poland conducted according to the principles governing the European Union cohesion policy. The author addresses especially the key issues of regional policy, defines its objectives and instruments as well as the main models. The discussion provides the background for the subsequent analysis of the current and future shape of regional policy implemented in Poland. The aim of the article is cognitive and pointing to the changes of directions and character of activities aiming at working out the proper development strategy for Poland, in compliance with the European Union directives but also meeting the needs of regions on different levels. Regional policy currently pursued in Poland and based on the idea of the European Union cohesion policy aims at creating the system of planning and management of spatial management integrated with the main tendency of socioeconomic planning. The condition enabling conscious space development is possessing and using appropriate legislative, administrative, organizational, promotional, information and other instruments. Polands regional policy conducted within the frame of common cohesion policy and targeting common objectives is financially supported by the EU funds and financial means from the Cohesion Fund. The shape of regional policy in Poland is determined by the striving to identify strong regions which would be able to push the economic development of the country strengthening at the same time less innovative regions. Polish regional policy included in the EU development programmes is using the instruments adjusted to the individual properties of regions, where the leading player is a region characterized by a considerable autonomy in this respect affecting the way in which the existing pro-development possibilities are used. Such solution of the planning and implementation of development policy draws Poland closer to contemporary concepts of regional development theory, showing the region as an autonomous, socio-economic system, creating a vision of development and evaluated for its effectiveness. The future shape of Polish regional policy will depend on such concepts which emphasize the role of regions, ascribing them a growing importance in the national development policy.
Artykuł przedstawia ewolucję polityki spójności Unii Europejskiej, wymiary nowej polityki spójności, zasady polityki spójności, podstawy prawne polityki spójności oraz cele, instrumenty i środki polityki spójności w perspektywie finansowej 2007-2013.
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