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Omówiono metody uzdrowiskowego leczenia chorób cywilizacyjnych. Podkreślono, że terapia uzdrowiskowa jest leczeniem ekologicznym, kładącym szczególny nacisk na profilaktykę schorzeń i ich powikłań. Dokonano analizy form oświaty zdrowotnej stosowanych w polskich uzdrowiskach.
Allergic diseases are categorized as civilization diseases. The highest rise of sick count is reported in highly developed countries. The course of these illnesses is very long and require long-term therapy, and a high level of patients dedication. They pose a great threat of medical and social nature. The aim of the study was to determine how allergic diseases influence the quality of life of the patients. The study was carried out amongst 110 people with allergy-based diseases. The tool used was the standard interview questionnaire. Amongst the group, 58.2% were women, and 64.5% lived in a city, in 57.3% of the cases allergy has occurred after reaching the age of 18. 59.1% required constant therapy. Because of the disease 35.5% of patients had to change the family's diet. 27.3% had to remove all animals, 15.5% had to remove house plants, 57.7% changed the way of doing laundry and cleaning. Because of the disease, 33.6% had to limit contact with other people.
Background. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is known as somatomedin C. This polypeptide hormone is functionally and structurally similar to insulin. IGF-1 effects on tissue by the IGF-1R and the insulin-like growth factor-binding protein also known as IGFBP. Abnormal IGF-1 and IGFBP signaling are positively correlated with a high risk of selected civilization diseases development. Physical inactivity is a one of the main causes of majority of chronic diseases and it is associated with eg. IGF-1 and IGFBPs level. Objective. The aim of the study was to explanation the effect of physical activity on IGF-1 and its binding protein – IGFBPs concentration in the context of selected civilization diseases prevention. The review of clinical trial. Material and Methods. The review of articles had published in databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science until December 2015. The selected prospective studies about the effect of exercise on IGF-1 level and its binding protein IGFBP in the context of selected civilization diseases prevention were collected. Results. The majority of the included studies indicate that mechanical loading is a key mechanism linking IGF-1/IGFBPs concentration and selected chronic diseases development. The duration and intensity of physical activity have a significant impact on IGF-1 and IGFBP serum. The highest concentration of IGF-1 in serum was after eccentric training. “Overtraining” increases unfavorable and unbound IGF-1 levels and contributes to the increased incidence of hormone-cancer and osteoarthritis. Conclusions. Irregularity of the GH/IGF-1 axis may affect on the development of rheumatic diseases, cardiovascular diseases (regulate cardiac growth and metabolism) and metabolic syndrome.
W okresie powojennym nastąpiła w Polsce gruntowna zmiana w strukturze zachorowalności i umieralności. Choroby zakaźne, stanowiące niegdyś główną przyczynę zgonów, ustąpiły miejsca chorobom układu krążenia i nowotworom złośliwym. W roku 1985 choroby układu krążenia i nowotwory przyczyniły się łącznie do prawie 70% wszystkich zgonów. Przyczyną tych zmian były liczne czynniki, a wśród nich niewłaściwy model żywienia się populacji. W grupie chorób układu krążenia szczególnie szybko zwiększała się umieralność na niedokrwienną chorobę serca. W roku 1985 wskaźnik zgonów z powodu tej choroby był czterokrotnie wyższy niż w roku 1960, przy czym wykazał on przejściowe obniżenie w latach 1979—1983. Wskazano na zbieżność między kształtowaniem się tego wskaźnika w latach 1960—1985 a zmianami w modelu żywienia, konsumpcji alkoholu i palenia tytoniu.
Concerning the etiopathogenesis, one can speak about the following types of obesity: primary - nutritional, occurring as a result of the joint action of genetic and environmental factors, and secondary obesity - which is a symptom of e.g. metabolic diseases. It has been found out that metabolism of carbohydrates and fats in human organism is connected with some microelements, and the occurrence of obesity may indirectly be connected with the disturbances of homeostasis. The purpose of this study was determination of the content of chromium, zinc, copper, manganese, iron and nickel (elements that are involved in the processes mentioned above) in slimming preparations: Bio C.L.A., Bioslank, Chudeus-syt, Fat Burner, Slim Trio. The samples were mineralized at 450°C, and the determination of elements was performed using the absorption atomic spectrometry. The determined amounts of the examined elements may be regarded as the complementary daily demand of the organism for those elements.
The effect of osmotic-convection drying on the mechanical properties of apples was studied. Both the osmotic dehydration and convection drying were shown to cause the changes in the mechanical properties of apples. These were manifested in the loss of natural 'tenderness' and an increase in the 'plasticity'. For the osmotic dehydration, the changes were the bigger, the higher were the degree and temperature of osmotic dehydration, and molecular weight of osmotic solute.
The content of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Se in the exhausted smoke from various sorts of home-made cigarettes, was determined. Basing on the results of metals content determinations in the inhaled smoke from these cigarettes, the retention of elements under test in a smoker's body was calculated, and their toxicity in terms of environmental exposure, was estimated.
A study on the possibility of application of grasspea wholemeal for the modifi cation of the chemical composition, physical properties and sensory features of traditional white bread was performed. It was demonstrated that an increase in the share of the pulse material from 1.5% to 12% caused an increase in bread yield (130.7–136.3%). An improvement was also noted in the baking loss, from 15.01% to 9.11%, and in the total baking loss - from 16.56 to 12.23%. Increase in the level of the pulse component caused a decrease in bread volume from 100 g of fl our (from 505 to 359 cm3), and a decrease in bread crumb porosity (from 81 to 61%). Admixture of the pulse component caused only a slight decrease in the point score of the bread as compared to traditional wheat bread. The replacement of wheat fl our with grasspea wholemeal had a highly favourable effect on the chemical composition of the bread; the experimental bread produced with 12% of grasspea was characterised by protein content of 14.51% d.m. and total dietary fi bre content at the level of 8.75% d.m.
Rola stylu życia, a szczególnie właściwego żywienia, w prewencji chorób cywilizacyjnych jest znakomicie udokumentowana naukowo. Społeczna świadomość tego faktu, a tym bardziej praktyka żywieniowa pozostawiają jednak dużo do życzenia w wielu krajach. Jednocześnie, wzrastające zapotrzebowanie na modele prozdrowotnego żywienia, produkty o udokumentowanym prozdrowotnym oddziaływaniu, spowodowały gwałtowny rozwój nowej gałęzi produktów żywnościowych, zwanych żywnością funkcjonalną. Żywność funkcjonalna musi przypominać swoją postacią żywność konwencjonalną i wykazywać korzystne oddziaływanie w ilościach, które oczekuje się, że będą normalnie spożywane z dietą - nie są to tabletki ani kapsułki, ale część składowa prawidłowej diety. Żywność funkcjonalną można sklasyfikować w dwojaki sposób; z uwagi na jej specyficzny skład lub z powodu pełnienia określonych funkcji w profilaktyce chorób dietozależnych. Powiększający się asortyment takiej żywności stwarza szansę dla wielu ludzi świadomych roli żywienia w profilaktyce lub terapii różnych chorób, a oferta lecznicza winna być zalecana przez lekarzy niejednemu pacjentowi.
The objective of this inquiry study, carried out in the midst of intellectuals from 21 to 64 years old, was to define the nutritional value of full day's food rations taken by this population. The degree of realization of recommended standards relative to fundamental nutritive components and selected mineral elements and vitamins, was specified. Well-marked deficiencies resulting from the restricted supply of protein, niacin, ascorbic acid, calcium, iron, and magnesium, were found. In rations under investigation, an oversupply of fats at the level determining their energetic value, was also observed.
The aim of the study was to compare the effect of two types of fructans characterised by a different degree of polymerization (long-chain inulin and short-chain fructooligosaccharides [FOS]), added as single dietary components on the activity of selected bacterial enzymes in the faeces and the caecal digesta, the antioxidant status and the serum lipid profile in laboratory rats. Twenty four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups and for 4 weeks were fed a control casein and two experimental diets supplemented with fructooligosaccharides and inulin at a level of 7.5% of diet (C, FOS and IN groups, respectively). The inulin addition caused a significant decrease in faecal pH value throughout the study (pH measurements were taken after day 7, 14, 21 and 28 of feeding), whereas the FOS-diet significantly decreased pH of fresh faeces only after 3 weeks of the study (p<0.05 vs. the control). Both experimental diets beneficially diminished the activity of faecal β-glucosidase and β-glucuronidase as compared to the control animals. The decreased activity of bacterial β-glucosidase and increased activity of β-galactosidase in the caecal digesta was noted only in the case of dietary FOS. The lowest concentrations of TBARS in the liver, kidneys and serum were observed in the IN group (p<0.05 vs. the control), however the FOS diet also effectively reduced concentration of TBARS in the liver tissue and the serum. The dietary inulin significantly decreased the serum glucose level and increased the percentage of HDL-cholesterol in total cholesterol (vs. C and FOS groups). The results obtained demonstrate that the consumption of diet supplemented with inulin seems to be more health promoting and elicits more beneficial changes in microflora activity, lipid metabolism and antioxidant status in rats than that enriched with short-chain fructooligosaccharides.
The aim of this investigation was to determine the relationships between lead sorption and calcium desorption on black currant pomace fibre preparations and their compositions with apple pomace, as well as to assess the suitability of fibre composition as selective sorbents of metals (Pb, Ca) in certain foodstuffs. It was found that the investigated materials had a high dietary fibre content (>65%) and satisfied the requirements of the standard concerning the permitted value for toxic metals in foodstuffs. Hence, they could be used as food additives. The investigations have shown that fibre preparations are characterised by a strong lead binding capacity (ca. 85% on the average) and that another characteristic property of these materials is their ability to desorb calcium. On the basis of statistical analysis of the results it can be stated that there were interactions between Ca and Pb on the pomace preparations studied.
Authors identified nutritional and clinical risks and investigated their effect on population health in Slovakia within more than the last 40 years. The results were supported by nationally representative, nutrition researches conducted on more than 20 000 people. Simultaneously, the following factors were studied: average lipid blood levels; prevalence of dyslipidaemia, obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM) and colorectal carcinoma in Slovak Republic; and the results of 4 dietetic tests (pectin + ascorbic acid, essential phospholipids, powder from Pleurotus ostreatus, and flavonoid preparation). As a result some improvement measures were suggested for the population in terms of nutrition, some regulation changes were proposed in food and nutritional policy, and finally some proposals were addressed to food processors.
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