The main purpose of the article is the analysis of the relations between thermic weather types in Hel and types of circulation from Osuchowska-Klein’s classification (1978). Thermic types have been constructed on the basis of A. Woś’s classification of weather types (1993). As a result, in the study eleven thermic types have been distinguished and grouped into three categories of weather: warm, transitory and frosty. Detailed analysis has revealed that the frequency of thermic weather types in particular types of circulation is determined by the character of circulation (cyclonic/anticyclonic) as well as by its direction. The most numerous types of circulation over Poland: E (north-eastern anticyclonic) and CB (north-western cyclonic) most often are accompanied by warm and transitory weather. In Hel the warm weather group is conditioned mainly by the circulation types associated with the advection of the air from the West or South; transitory and frosty groups are related to the types of circulation conditioning the airflow from the northern or eastern sector.
In this work a general characteristics of thermal conditions in Kołobrzeg in the years 1976-2005 is presented. The most important part of the paper is the analysis of extreme temperature days (very frosty, frosty, warm and hot) in relation to the types of atmospheric circulation (according to the classification proposed by Osuchowska-Klein 1978). Daily mean and extreme air temperature data for the weather station in Kołobrzeg were the basis of the paper. The obtained results provide strong evidence that the occurrence of days with extreme air temperatures depends mostly on the atmospheric circulation pattern. Particularly high and low air temperatures in Kołobrzeg, in most cases, are not determined by the character (cyclonic or anticyclonic) of atmospheric circulation, but mainly by the direction of air advection. More detailed analysis has revealed that in the winter months (Dec-Feb) the highest frequency of days with sub-zero maximum temperatures is usually associated with the incursion of continental polar air during anticyclonic circulation types. Conversely, maritime air flow from the Atlantic Ocean most often induced by zonal circulation (especially during cyclonic types over Poland) regularly brings warming in winter. In the warm halfyear (Apr-Sep) strong and persistent advection of the air from the southern or eastern sector (in anticyclonic types: E1, E, D2C and cyclonic ones: F and B) is the most important factor determining the occurrence of warm and hot days in Kołobrzeg. The days with tmax ≥ 25oC appear most rarely during the types accompanied by the winds from the western or northern sector.
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