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The role of ABA in chilling tolerance (CT) of maize seedling has been reinvestigated using a set of new maize inbred lines with defined differences in CT. Under chilling conditions (4°C) the ABA level increased in all lines investigated. This increase was significantly higher in the chilling tolerant lines than in sensitive ones. Between ABA level and extent of chilling injury a significant relationship was observed. ABA level correlated negatively with percent necrotic injury (-0.604**) and positively with qP (0.606**). Thus, the study clearly indicates a relationship between the ABA accumulation under chilling stress and extent of injury in maize according to the hypothesis that CT in maize is related to the ability for the accumulation of ABA under chilling stress conditions.
Mung bean CYP90A2 is a putative brassinosteroid (BR) synthetic gene that shares 77% identity with the Arabidopsis CPD gene. It was strongly suppressed by chilling stress. This implies that exogenous treatment with BR could allow the plant to recover from the inhibited growth caused by chilling. In this study, we used proteomics to investigate whether the mung bean epicotyl can be regulated by brassinosteroids under conditions of chilling stress. Mung bean epicotyls whose growth was initially suppressed by chilling partly recovered their ability to elongate after treatment with 24-epibrassinolde; 17 proteins down-regulated by this chilling were re-up-regulated. These up-regulated proteins are involved in methionine assimilation, ATP synthesis, cell wall construction and the stress response. This is consistent with the re-up-regulation of methionine synthase and S-adenosyl-L-methionine synthetase, since chilling-inhibited mung bean epicotyl elongation could be partially recovered by exogenous treatment with DL-methionine. This is the first proteome established for the mung bean species. The regulatory relationship between brassinosteroids and chilling conditions was investigated, and possible mechanisms are discussed herein.
The aim of the study was to take an attempt to use conductivity properties of fresh and stored in chilling conditions beef for assessment and control of its ripeness. The experimental material was longissimus dorsi muscle of heifers black-white breed. Left half carcasses were applied to high-voltage electrical stimulation, with own-construction device. Right half carcasses were the control samples. Muscles trimmed 1, 24, and 72 h after slaughter as well as those trimmed 24 h after slaughter and stored (2°C, 14 days) were subjected to the following measurements: impedance, resistance and reactance with an HP 4263B meter (250 mV, 100 Hz – 100 kHz). The differences between impedance and resistance values measured at 100 Hz and 10 kHz were the basis to define the ripeness indicators (QRZ, QRR) of meat trimmed in different time after slaughter. Then, using the triangle resistance graph, cos φ and sin φ coefficients for meat stored in chilling conditions were calculated. The research revealed that non stimulated meat trimmed 1 h after slaughter was characterised with the lowest ripeness indicator, whereas the stimulated one trimmed 72 h after slaughter with the highest ripeness indicator. The results of cos φ and sin φ studies showed that changes of conductivity properties for stimulated meat were stabilized already about 24 h after slaughter, whereas for the non stimulated one after about 14 days of cooling storage, which is in accordance with the time of achievement of full ripeness for stimulated and non stimulated beef. The study indicates possibilities to develop a method of fast assessment and control of ripeness of beef on the basis of conductivity properties.
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