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Organophosphate pesticide exposure and dialkyl phosphate urinary metabolites among chili farmers in Northeastern Thailand

100%

Taneepanichskul N., Norkaew S., Siriwong W., Siripattanakul-Ratpukdi S., Perez H. L. M., Robson M. G.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2014

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tom 65

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nr 4

Background. Chlorpyrifos and profenofos are organophosphate pesticides (OPPs), we studied exposure and urinary metabolites in an agricultural area in the northeastern of Thailand during the chili-growing season (March - April) in 2012. Objective. This study was designed to assess pesticide exposure concentration through dermal and inhalation pathways and to find and depict a relationship between urinary metabolites and means of exposure. Materials and methods. To estimate the pesticides exposure concentration, dermal wipes (hand, face, and feet), dermal patches and air samples were collected from 38 chili farmers. The morning void of pre and post application urine samples was an indicator of biological monitoring in the study which derived from 39 chili farmers. Results. Chlorpyrifos and profenofos residues were detected on dermal patches, face wipes, and hand wipe samples, while no significant residues were found on the feet. Using a personal air sampling technique, all air samples detected pesticide residues. However, significant correlation between dermal pesticide exposure concentration and inhalation was not found (p>0.05). For urinary metabolite levels, there was a relationship between the first pre application morning void and post application morning void (p<0.05); similar to the association between the first pre application morning void and the second post application morning void (p<0.05). The main relationship between pesticide exposure and urinary metabolite was found to have been relevant to dermal exposure (r= 0.405; p<0.05). Conclusions. The results of this study could suggested that public health education training programs, including the use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), should be offered for the chili growing farmers in order to improve their ability to properly use pesticides.

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Association between blood cholinesterase activity, organophosphate pesticide residues on hands, and health effects among chili farmers in Ubon Ratchathani Province, northeastern Thailand

80%

Nganchamung T., Robson M. G., Siriwong W.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2017

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tom 68

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nr 2

Background. Use of pesticides has been documented to lead to several adverse health effects. Farmers are likely to be exposed to pesticides through dermal exposure as a result of mixing, loading, and spraying. Organophosphate pesticides (OPs) are widely used in most of the agricultural areas throughout Thailand. OPs are cholinesterase inhibitors and blood cholinesterase activity is used as a biomarker of OP effects. Objective. This study aims to determine the association between blood cholinesterase activity and organophosphate pesticide residues on chili farmer’s hands and their adverse health effects. Materials and Methods. Ninety chili farmers directly involved with pesticide applications (e.g. mixing, loading, spraying) were recruited and were interviewed face to face. Both enzymes, erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and plasma cholinesterase (PChE), were tested with the EQM Test-mate Cholinesterase Test System (Model 400). Hand wipe samples were used for collecting residues on both hands and OP residues for chlorpyrifos and profenofos were quantified using gas chromatography equipped with a flame photometric detector (GC-FPD). Results. The average activity (±SD) of AChE and PChE was 2.73 (±0.88) and 1.58 (±0.56) U/mL, respectively. About 80.0% of the participants had detectable OP residues on hands. The median residues of chlorpyrifos and profenofos were found to be 0.02 and 0.03 mg/kg/two hands, respectively. Half of participants reported having some acute health symptoms within 48 hours after applying pesticides. When adjusted for gender, number of years working in chili farming, and frequency of pesticide use, AChE activity (Adjusted OR = 0.03, 95%CI: 0.01-0.13) and detected OP residues on hands (Adjusted OR = 0.15, 95%CI: 0.02-0.95) were significantly associated with having health effects, but no significant association was found in PChE activity (Adjusted OR = 2.09, 95%CI: 0.63-6.99). Conclusions. This study suggests that regular monitoring for blood cholinesterase and effective interventions to reduce pesticide exposure to prevent health effects should be provided to chili farmers.

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Składniki funkcjonalne napojów energetycznych i energetyzujących

80%

Bogacz K.

Przemysł Fermentacyjny i Owocowo-Warzywny

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2013

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tom 57

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nr 05-06

4

Ananas i chenin blanc

80%

Marchewka M.

Kuchnia. Magazyn dla Smakoszy

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2013

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nr 04

5

Królestwo przypraw

71%

Kropielnicki M., Motwani S.

Poradnik Restauratora

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2016

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nr 10

6

Ciepło - zimno (2)

51%

Kwiatek U. L.

Drwal. Pismo Przedsiębiorców Leśnych

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2012

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nr 02

7

Czerwony październik

50%

Milanska D.

Farmer

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2015

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nr 10

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

1 Drwal. Pismo Przedsiębiorców Leśnych

1 Farmer

1 Kuchnia. Magazyn dla Smakoszy

1 Poradnik Restauratora

1 Przemysł Fermentacyjny i Owocowo-Warzywny

2 Robson M. G.

2 Siriwong W.

1 Bogacz K.

1 Kropielnicki M.

1 Kwiatek U. L.

1 Marchewka M.

1 Milanska D.

1 Motwani S.

1 Nganchamung T.

1 Norkaew S.

1 Perez H. L. M.

1 Siripattanakul-Ratpukdi S.

1 Taneepanichskul N.

1 2017

1 2016

1 2015

1 2014

2 2013