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The study of Collembola communities of banks of the Dniester River revealed 54 species of Collembola belonging to 35 genera and 13 families. Five species were common for all studied sites: Mesaphorura critica, Metaphorura affinis, Hemisotoma thermophila, Isotomodes productus and Parisotoma notabilis. The whole list of Collembola is included, three species are new for Moldova. The study revealed three new species for the science of the genera Micraphorura, Agraphorura and Mesaphorura. Description of Micraphorura gamae sp. nov. the most similar to Micraphorura pieninesis Weiner, 1988 is provided.
Cercariae of bird schistosomes are traditionally considered to be very similar in their morphological characteristics. In order to solve the problem, we tested some methods which might be suitable for cercarial differentiation. Fourteen isolates of three Trichobilharzia species (T. szidati, T. franki, T. regenti) occurring sympatrically in Central Europe were used. Dimensions of individual cercariae do not represent a useful criterion for identification, because the intraspecific variability exceeds the interspecific one. On the other hand, chaetotaxy appears a promising way for discrimination, although some sensory papillae do not stain sufficiently with silver nitrate. The papillary pattern (i.e. number and relative position of papillae) is specific for all Trichobilharzia species studied by us. Therefore, we compiled an identification key for the three Trichobilharzia species. In addition, we tried to find species-specific surface saccharide epitopes; none of the labeled lectin probes can be used as a speciesspecific marker.
The third instar larva of eight Philonthus species from Argentina, P. flavolimbatus Erichson, P. pauxillus Solsky, P. bicoloristylus Chani-Posse, P. sericans (Gravenhorst), P. bonariensis Bernhauer, P. longicornis Stephens, P. rectangulus Sharp and P. quadraticeps Boheman, are described (five for the first time), keyed and illustrated. Measurements of all larval instars and differences in chaetotaxic and non-chaetotaxic characters between first and third instar are given in tables and illustrated. A generic description based on literature is also included. Chaetotaxy descriptions for Philonthus species are elaborated based on Ashe and Watrous's system for setal patterns. Characters of systematic value at generic and specific levels are highlighted and discussed.
The first and last instars of Isturgia roraria (Fabricius, 1777) caterpillars are described and illustrated in details. The mouthparts, antennae and thoracic legs are used for the first time for the description within the genus Isturgia (Hübner, 1823). The description and complete illustration of thoracic leg of adult larva with numeration and nomenclature of all pores and setae are included. Some important characters of intermediate larval instars are recorded. New morphological details of pupa are presented.
The morphology and chaetotaxy of the rediae and the cercariae of Isthmiophora melis are described and compared with other echinostomatids and related groups of trematodes. Apart from adult morphology of I. melis, which is typical of Echinostomatidae, the structure of the redia and chaetotaxy pattern of the cercaria are the most similar to those observed in an echinostomatid genus Paryphostomum as well as in representatives of the family Cathaemasiidae, especially in Cathaemasia hians.
The chaetotaxy of five species of plagiorchiid cercariae - Leptophallus nigrovenosus, Metaleptophallus gracillimus, Macrodera longicollis, Paralepoderma brumpti and P. progeneticum, is described and compared. A great similarity in the distribution of sensillae in all the species examined, especially in cephalic rings CI-IV, as well as in dorsal and ventral rows, suggests close affinities among these species. The variation in the pattern of chaetotaxy observed in P. brumpti and P. progeneticum (presence of 1-3 sensillae of the CI ring inside the oral cavity and numerous sensillae on the ventral sucker) seems to be connected with obligatory progenesis in the life cycle of these species.
This paper describes the morphological ultrastructure of the previously unknown final larval instars of the obligate myrmecophilous rove-beetle species Lomeckusa pubicollis. Diagnostic larval characters for the genus Lomechusa are proposed for the first time. At present, this paper is the only up-to-date, detailed and richly illustrated description of the external structures of larvae representing the Lomechusina subtribe. The features of L. pubicollis larvae described here correspond with the abiotic (e.g. absence of ocelh, white body) or biotic conditions (e.g. stumpy body, short legs, absence of urogomphi, dense and asymmetrical chaetotaxy, membranous cuticle) of the anthill, including the passive lifestyle resembling that of the host larvae Formica truncorum, in conjunction with a unique behaviour pattern in the myrmecophileant relationship. Morphological similarities between mature larvae of L. pubicollis and workers of Formica truncorum, the host of this myrmecophile, are also listed. The morphological structure of L. pubicollis larva with the so far best-known larvae of another myrmecophile from the Lomechusini tribe Fella laticollis living in the peripheral zones around the nest, was compared. The different lifestyles of the two species is reflected in the morphological structure of their larvae, particularly: chaetotaxy, structure of setae, ocelli, structure of mouthparts, legs and urogomphi. The characteristics of the morphological structure peculiar to L. pubicollis larva in conjunction with well-developed chemical mimicry, they enable complete adoption and integration in the ant nest, which at such an advanced level appears to be unique compared to other staphylinid myrmecophiles.
Mites of the family Syringophilidae are small and uniformly shaped arthropods, inhabiting feather quills of many birds species. Anomalies of setae arrangement are frequently observed in this mite group. Detailed investigation of nymphs and adults Torotrogla merulae Skoracki et al., 2000, reveals the most considerable variability of chaetotaxy aspect in this family. The purpose of our examination is to document anomalies in number and configuration of setae and to hypothesize the possible factors inducing them. As an explanation, a theory based on ‘fluctuating asymmetry’ is proposed.
In this work we describe morphology and chaetotaxy of the first and last instars of three species of two genera (Apocheima Hübner and Lycia Hübner) of brachypterous moths which occur in Poland. Moreover, we discuss morphology and chaetotaxy of the last instar larva of Phigalia pilosaria (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775). Head capsule and mouthparts are illustrated and described with the nomenclature of particular setae and pores. Chaetotaxy of thoracic legs and prolegs is provided. The shape and setal arrangement of anal plate are illustrated separately.
Juvenile stages of Punctoribates punctum (C. L. Koch, 1839) and P. hexagonus Berlese, 1908 are redescribed, those of P. sellnicki Willmann, 1928 are described for the first time, and both juveniles and adults of all species are illustrated. The juvenile stages of these species are similar in body shape and the number of setae on the prodorsum, gastronotum and anal, anogenital and epimeral regions, but differ in the shape and length of some prodorsal and gastronotal setae. Keys to the larvae and nymphs of these species are prepared.
A rare echinostome cercaria - Cercaria abyssicola Wesenberg-Lund, 1934 is redescribed on the base of the material found in Valvata piscinalis from the lake Asveja in Lithuania. Description of the cercaria is completed with data concerning the number of collar spines (equal to 45), structure of excretory system and pattern of chaetotaxy. Some details are also added to the morphology of redia and metacercaria. The taxonomic status and possible affinities of the species are discussed.
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