Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 24

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  catch crop
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
In a 3-year experiment, the effect of catch crop management [catch crop incorporated in autumn (A) or mulched (B) vs plots without a catch crop (C)] on soil acid (PAC) and alkaline (PAL) phosphatase activities as well as on the available phosphorus content (PAVAIL) were investigated on typical Alfisol. The catch crops were sown at the beginning of August and ploughed in the autumn in 2008, 2009, and 2010, or left as mulch during the winter. Soil samples were taken four times a year from spring barley plots that were grown in 2009, 2010, and 2011. Generally, catch crop treatment significantly influenced the enzymatic activity as compared to the control. The PAC activity was significantly greater with a mulched catch crop than in a ploughed one only in I and II sampling dates, whereas the PAL activity was not influenced by the method and time of field pea management. The time of sampling significantly influenced the PAL activity in 2011 and the PAC activity in 2009 and 2011.
In our study conducted in north-central Poland in 2001-09 in the lessive soil of a very good rye complex, a relationship between the yielding of tansy phacelia and common sunflower grown as stubble catch crop and the weather conditions that prevailed during the growing period were estimated. The yield of the tested plants grown as stubble catch crop was significantly dependent only on the total precipitation occurring in the period from the beginning of July to the end of August. A good plant supply in water in one of those two months was sufficient to cultivate the catch crop successfully, and optimal total precipitation from the beginning of July to the end of August was 142 mm for tansy phacelia and 150 mm for common sunflower.
The work presents the results of investigations conducted in 2004- 2007 to evaluate the residual effect of summer catch crops ploughed as green manures on productive-economic effects of sweet corn cultivation. The experiment was carried out in east-central Poland (52°03’N, 22°33’E). The following summer catch crops were grown: phacelia, amaranth, sunflower, serradella and faba bean. The catch crop seeds were sown in 2004-2006 at three dates: on the 21stJuly, 4th and 18th August. The effect of summer catch crops was compared to FYM applied at the rate of 40 t·ha-1. The catch crops biomass (roots + above ground parts) and FYM were incorporated in the third decade of October. Sweet corn seeds (6 kg·ha-1) were sown in mid-May, in the years 2005-2007, at the between – and inter- row spacing of 65 × 20 cm. Sweet corn ears were hand-harvested at the stage of milk maturity of kernels, at the turn of August and September. During the harvest marketable yield of ears (t·ha-1) and number of marketable ears per 1 ha were determined. Economic evaluation of sweet corn cultivation under diversified organic fertilization was conducted according to the standard gross margin method. The calculation was based on the 2014 prices. The highest yield and number of ears were obtained after catch crops with faba bean and phacelia sown on the 21st July and after FYM. Delaying the sowing date of catch crops resulted in a decrease in the successive yielding effect. The highest gross margin (25267.66 PLN·ha-1 and 0.56 PLN per 1 ear) and profitability index (332%) were achieved in the sweet corn cultivation after catch crop with faba bean sown on the 21st July. Compared to the plot with FYM, a higher level of gross margin and profitability index were obtained after all catch crops sown on the 21st July and the 4th August. Irrespective of investigated factors, profitability index was on a very high level amounting to 211-332%.
A field experiment was conducted in central-eastern Poland in the years 1999-2003. It analyzed the effect of catch crop green fertilizers on soil humidity in a three-year-long crop vegetable rotation (white cabbage, onion, red beet). Oats, field pea and spring vetch cultivated in pure sowing and as mixtures were used as green fertilizers. The effect of green manures was compared with ploughed in farmland manure in the dose of 25 t·ha-1 and the control without any organic fertilization. White cabbage was grown in the first year after organic fertilization, onion – in the second and red beet – in the third.
Organic manuring have significant influence on the sweet corn growth. Important element of sweet corn agrotechny can be catch crops cultivated on the ploughing down. A field experiment was carried out at the Zawady Experimental Farm near Siedlce. There was investigated the effect of green manures applied as sunflower catch crops on changes in the content of dry matter, ascorbic acid, total sugars and monosaccharides in sweet corn . The sunflower was sown at three dates: the 21st of July, 4th of August and 18th of August. The effects of catch crop green manures was compared to the effect of farmyard manure (40 t·ha-1) and the control. Sweet corn cultivated in control and after catch crops sown on the 18th of August content more dry matter in kernels then cultivated after farmyard manure. Catch crops sown on the 21st of July and 18th of August reduced ascorbic acid content in corn compared to farmyard manure and the catch crop sown on the 4th of August. Sweet corn cultivated following farmyard manure and catch crops sown on the 21st of July and 4th of August had a higher content of total sugars compared with corn following the sunflower catch crop sown on the 18th of August. An average content of monosaccharides in sweet corn after sunflower catch crop sown on the 21st of July was higher than in corn cultivated following farmyard manure.
The present experiment was carried out in the period 2006–2008. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of aqueous soil extracts from the soil of a spring wheat monoculture on seed germination energy and capacity, the length of the first leaf and of the longest radicle as well as the number of radicles. Moreover, the content of 0-dihydroxyphenols in the soil was compared in the last year of the study. The soil used to prepare the solutions came from a field experiment established on medium heavy mixed rendzina soil. Spring wheat, cv. Zebra, was grown using plough tillage and two conservation tillage methods in the presence of undersown crops (red clover, Westerwolds ryegrass) and stubble crops (lacy phacelia, white mustard). Germination energy of the seeds watered with the soil extracts from the ploughed plots was significantly higher than this trait in the seeds watered with the extracts from the conservation tillage treatments with spring disking of the catch crops. Germination energy and capacity of spring wheat in the control treatment watered with distilled water were significantly higher compared to the other treatments under evaluation. Spring wheat watered with the aqueous extract prepared from the soil obtained from the plough tillage treatment produced a significantly longer first leaf compared to the treatments in which both conservation tillage methods had been used. The shortest leaf and the lowest number of radicles were produced by the seedlings watered with the soil extract from the treatment with the white clover stubble crop. Radicle length was not significantly differentiated by the soil extracts under consideration. The content of 0-dihydroxyphenols in the rendzina soil determined during the spring period was higher than that determined in the autumn. The content of 0-dihydroxyphenols in the soil was lower in the conservation tillage treatments with autumn incorporation of the catch crops than in the plots in which plough tillage and conservation tillage with spring disking of the catch crops had been used. The type of catch crop used did not have a significant effect on the soil content of these compounds. At the same time, it was found that the treatments in which the catch crops had been sown tended to have higher contents of these compounds compared to the plots without catch crops.
The experiment was carried out in Slovenia in 2002-03 and 2004-05. The experimental design was a randomized completed block, with four replicates. In the summer after pea harvesting, 10, 20 and 30 kg of Italian ryegrass ha-1 were drilled into minimally cultivated pea stubble, in which, on average, 12.5 pea grains m-2 were left among crop residues. The ryegrass/pea mixtures in our experiments took up the soil mineral nitrogen the most efficiently and accumulated the highest amount of nitrogen in the autumn herb­age yield, at a seeding rate of 30 kg drilled Italian ryegrass. The differences among treatments regarding 0-60 cm soil N03-N and NH4-N contents were highest at the first cut and decreased until March of the next year. In order to achieve efficient early and high N uptake of mineralized nitrogen, it is not recommended to lower the sowing rates of Italian ryegrass for drilling into pea stubble to reduce the high cost of catch crop seeds.
The present study was carried out in the period 2006- 2008 based on an experiment established in 2005. The study evaluated the effect of conservation and plough tillage as well as of four catch crops on the level of infection by fungal pathogens of the stem base and roots of the spring wheat cultivar ‘Zebra’ grown in monoculture. The species composition of fungi colonizing the stem base and roots of spring wheat was determined. The split-plot design of the experiment set up on rendzina soil included plough tillage and conservation tillage with autumn and spring disking of catch crops. The experiment used four methods for regeneration of the spring wheat monoculture stand using the following: undersown red clover and Westerwolds ryegrass crops as well as lacy phacelia and white mustard stubble crops. Plots without catch crops were the control treatment. Red clover and Westerwolds ryegrass catch crops as well as lacy phacelia and white mustard stubble crops had a significant effect on the decrease in the stem base and root infection index of spring wheat compared to the control without catch crops. The disease indices in the tillage treatments under evaluation did not differ significantly from one another. The stem base and roots of spring wheat were most frequently infected by fungi of the genus Fusarium, with F. culmorum being the dominant pathogen of cereals. Compared to conservation tillage, in plough tillage the pathogenic fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana was not found to occur on the stem base and roots. The Westerwolds ryegrass catch crop promoted the occurrence of F. culmorum, both on the stem base and roots of spring wheat.
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.