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1

A flexible arrangement for the study of moles in captivity

100%
Borroni A., Loy A., Capanna E.
Acta Theriologica
|
1999
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tom 44
|
nr 2
A new arrangement for keeping moles in captivity was designed by combining newly conceived units and different types of structures previously described by other authors. The structure is especially devoted to long term studies, such as those on activity patterns and reproductive and social behaviours. A simple and economic system for automatic recording of activity rhythms in moles is also presented and discussed.
2

Effects of producing stocking material of vendace Coregonus albula (L.), using spawners reared in captivity - initial studies

75%
Wziatek B., Kozlowski J., Teodorowicz M., Kurenda P.
Archives of Polish Fisheries
|
2009
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tom 17
|
nr 2
3

Gastrointestinal parasites in captive animals at the Rio de Janeiro Zoo

75%
da Silva Barbosa A., Lima Pinheiro J., Ramos dos Santos C., Souza Carvalho Class de Lima C., Dib L. V., Echarte G. V., Mendes Augusto A., Pereira Bastos A. C. M., Antunes Uchoa C. M., Pereira Bastos O. M., Nunes Santos F., Monteiro Fonseca A. B., Reis Amendoeira M. R.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2020
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tom 65
|
nr 1
4

A method for studying social and reproductive behaviour of subterranean rodents in captivity

75%
Zenuto R. R., Vassallo A. I., Busch C.
Acta Theriologica
|
2001
|
tom 46
|
nr 2
A methodology for studying the social and reproductive behaviour of solitary subterranean rodents under laboratory conditions is proposed. A first account of Ctenomys talarum (Thomas, 1898) behaviour is also provided with the aim of evaluating the proposed methodology and to advance presently unknown information on its social behaviour and mating system. The device is a seminatural enclosure, departing from traditional test cages with respect to increased: (1) size, (2) structural complexity, (3) social complexity, and (4) resemblance to natural conditions. It consists of artificial burrows each comprising 3.5 m of tunnel, a resource cage and a nest box, resembling the structural complexity described for C. talarum burrows. Burrows are connected to a common space, which allows social interaction among various individuals. Animals were observed in the seminatural enclosure - 3 females and 2 males, in accordance with sex ratios found in natural populations - for a period of 6 months. We obtained data related to reproductive and social behaviour: marking, aggression, vocalization, courtship and copulation, pregnancy, pup development, and parental care. The proposed system enables the collection of behavioural data as yet unavailable due to the secretive habits and aggressiveness that characterize this group of rodents, coupled with the difficulties associated with simulating subterranean conditions.
5

Maternal effect on the commencement of hibernation and body mass of the juvenile edible dormouse Glis glis in captivity

63%
Jurczyszyn M., Marchewka A., Czapracka A., Karminska L.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2018
|
tom 66
|
nr 1
The aim of our study was to check whether maternal presence during the post-weaning period affects the onset of hibernation and weight gain under unlimited food supply in juvenile edible dormice Glis glis. We investigated four groups of siblings growing up in the presence of the mother (“with mother”; n=17) and three groups of juveniles separated from the mother after weaning (“without mother”, n = 17). We found that: (i) more juveniles started hibernation from the group “without mother” than from the group “with mother” (χ² = 8.24, P < 0.01) at the end of study, when most dams entered hibernation, (ii) weight was not a factor which determined the decision of entering hibernation (iii) juveniles growing up “without mother” did not differ significantly from juveniles raised “with mother” in terms of mean body mass during the last weighing before hibernation (t = 0.48, P = 0.63) and maximum body mass (t = 0.11, P = 0.91), (iv) the presence of the mother may influence the process of making decisions by juveniles about terminating activity and entering hibernation.
6

Heterocotyle tokoloshei sp. nov. [Monogenea, Monocotylidae] from the gills of Dasyatis brevicaudata [Dasyatidae] kept in captivity at Two Oceans Aquarium, Cape Town, South Africa: Description and notes on treatment

63%
Vaughan D. B., Chisholm L. A.
Acta Parasitologica
|
2010
|
tom 55
|
nr 2
108-114
Heterocotyle tokoloshei sp. nov. is described from the gills of a single Short-tail stingray, Dasyatis brevicaudata, kept in captivity at the Two Oceans Aquarium in Cape Town, South Africa. The stingray exhibited laboured gill ventilation and deteriorating health on exhibit and was removed to the quarantine area for parasitological study and treatment. A 12 h bath treatment of praziquantel at 20mg/l, pre-dissolved in ethanol, removed 3084 parasites from the gills of the ray. However, the presence of a large number of eggs 24 h post-treatment indicated that viable egg laying adults remained on the gills and that the treatment was not 100% effective. Praziquantel was subsequently administered orally by intubation to the same ray at 150 mg/kg under anaesthetic (2-phenoxyethanol at 0.15 ml/l for approximately 1 h), which resulted in the removal of approximately 392 000 parasites from the gills 12 h post-oral treatment. Twenty-four h post-oral treatment, 3383 worms, but no eggs were recovered. No worms or eggs were recovered 48 h to 10 days post-oral treatment. The ray died approximately 30 days after the completion of the treatment. Heterocotyle tokoloshei sp. nov. is the first Heterocotyle species described from South Africa and represents the first record of a pathogenic Heterocotyle species. The new species can be distinguished from the other 16 species in the genus by the distal region of the male copulatory organ which has distinct small spines and by the morphology of the male copulatory organ accessory piece. Eggs of H. tokoloshei sp. nov. are laid singly and hatch spontaneously between 5 and 8 days at 18°C.
7

Cranial and dental abnormalities of the endangered red wolf Canis rufus

63%
Federoff N. E., Nowak R. M.
Acta Theriologica
|
1998
|
tom 43
|
nr 3
Skulls of 3 captive-raised female endangered red wolves Cams rufus Audubon and Bachman, 1851 exhibited severe malocclusion of the jaws. Cranial and dental abnor­malities (including crowding of upper toothrows. and an extra tooth behind the lower ¡eft M;i in one of the three mandibles) were also evident. Ratios of alveolar length of maxillary toothrow to maximum width across the outer sides of crowns of P4 were significantly different (p = 0.008} compared to unaffected skulls. Significant differences were also evident when ratios of maximum width across inner edges of alveoli of P1 to alveolar length of maxillary toothrow and maximum width across outer sides of crowns of P4 were compared between the two groups. Although the three skulls all exhibited malocclusion, the abnormality expressed itself differently in relation to the effects to each skull. Captive inbreeding may increase the probability and frequency of expressing these anomalies, although inbreeding coefficients calculated for the wolves expressing malocclusion were not considered high (0.0313-0.0508J. A wiSd female red wolf specimen captured in 1921 in Arkansas also exhibited the maloc­clusion, although not as severely as in the captive females. This demonstrates that this trait was present in wild populations prior to, and not a result of, the captive breeding program.
8

Chemical communication in large carnivores: urine-marking frequencies in captive tigers and lions

51%
Barja I., Miguel F. J.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2010
|
tom 58
|
nr 2
Environmental and social pressures can result in interspecies differences in marking behaviours. There is a strong relationship between marking behaviour and the environment. Therefore, closely related species that show behavioural differences in the wild may have different scent marking strategies. We conducted a comparative study of the urine-marking behaviours of tigers and lions in captivity (Madrid Zoo, open enclosures of 514 m² and 730 m² respectively, observations of 8 animals for each species). These two closely related species have different natural habitats. We observed interspecific differences in the rates, seasonal variations, and durations of the urine-marking acts. The marking rate was higher in tigers, which also showed seasonal variations not observed in lions. The duration of urine marking was lower in tigers than in lions. These differences seem to correspond to differences between tigers and lions in terms of their natural habitats (forest areas vs open areas), social organizations (solitary vs social), and reproductive biology patterns (seasonal polyoestrous vs annual polyoestrous).
9

Food preferences of Glis glis [L.], Dryomys nitedula [Pallas] and Graphiurus murinus [Smuts] kept in captivity

51%
Nowakowski W. K., Remisiewicz M., Kosowska J.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2006
|
tom 54
|
nr 3
We investigated food preferences of three species of dormice, testing consumption by captive animals. One type of food was provided to an animal and its “suitability” scored for each species, according to whether it was or was not consumed. If it was eaten, the time when it was consumed was recorded (after 24, 48 or 72 hours). In total, 17 types of animal food and 46 of plant food were tested. Animal foods offered included different arthropods, eggs, snails and chicken meat. Plant food consisted of fruits, seeds, nuts and green parts. Glis glis consumed – 24% of animal material offered and 100% of plant food types, Dryomys nitedula consumed – 77% of animal and 54% of plant food types. Graphiurus murinus consumed – 94% of animal and 63% of plant food types. G. glis showed a significantly higher preference for plant foods rather than animal material, and preferred plant food much more than the other two species. Both D. nitedula and G. murinus preferred animal more than plant food and did not differ in preferences and diversity of both kinds of food they consumed. Thus, G. glis can be considered as principally a herbivore, while D. nitedula and G. murinus are rather meat-eaters. It can be concluded that food niches, especially of the two European dormice, are separate and thus in natural conditions they do not compete strongly for food resources.
10

Growth studies in Akodon dolores [Rodentia: Muridae] in captivity

51%
Piantanida M., Barrantes G. E.
Acta Theriologica
|
1998
|
tom 43
|
nr 2
Growth processes in Akodon dolores Thomas, 1916 were studied by measuring morphological variables in a captive colony of 1500 specimens. Sex differences were not statistically significant. Most variables fitted to a sigmoid function and showed the same behaviour up to 3 months of age: an acceleration in growth up to the first month, followed by a deceleration up to the third month. Growth variables reached their asymptotic value after the fourth month of age. An exception was the lens weight which continually increased with age without reaching an asymptotic value. The instantaneous growth rates became less than unity at the third month of age, indi­cating that the maximal percentile growth should be before this stage. The latter was corroborated with the body weight increase and body length curves in which the inflexion point was observed at the 1-month stage. In A. dolores this stage is physiolo­gically associated with puberty and in the present study was reached when the animals achieved 40% of their adult body weight. This study is the basis of an age distribution study of A. dolores with a biological foundation.
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