Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Habitat preferences of some neophytes, with a reference to habitat disturbances

100%

Mysliwy M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2014

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tom 62

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nr 3

The spread of species far from their native range is an important component of global changes. Investigating the ability of alien plants to invade different habitats is one of the most important approaches in the analysis of biological invasion mechanisms. The study was based on floristic research carried out in 1998–2002 in the north-western part of Poland. The habitats sampled were classified according to the EUNIS classification. A dataset of 2638 naturalized neophyte records was compiled based on a total of 2132 floristic lists. Species entries were supplemented with data on taxonomic position (family), origin, frequency, life form and number of habitats a particular species colonises. Ordination analyses showed the level of disturbance in individual habitats to be important in species-habitats relationships. Some of the species (e.g. Chamomilla suaveolens, Galinsoga parviflora, Veronica persica) occurred mainly in man-made, heavily disturbed habitats, while others (e.g. Impatiens parviflora, Padus serotina, Quercus rubra) were present primarily in natural habitats, less affected by humans. The species with the broadest habitat ranges identified included, i.a. Conyza canadensis, Impatiens parviflora, Epilobium ciliatum, and Oxalis fontana. Most of them, however, had different “core” habitats. Some species, e.g. Juncus tenuis, Elodea canadensis, Veronica persica were associated with one or a few habitats. The ability of species to invade numerous habitat types did not depend on their invasive status. The most successful aliens are those which spread dynamically along forest paths as well as those penetrating forest communities. The phytocoenotic role of each naturalized neophyte in plant communities requires a detailed study. Each individual habitat supports well-established alien species whose traits fit its characteristics and the disturbance intensity. Analysis of alien species traits, local distribution, habitat preferences and range makes it possible to reliably assess potentially successful invaders.

2

Factors affecting alien and native plant species richness in temperate nature reserves of Northern China

84%

Zhang X., Wang H., Wang S., Wang R., Wang Y., Liu J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2017

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tom 65

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nr 4

Understanding the factors affecting the species richness of alien and native plant is a key issue for predicting the spread of alien species and protecting rare and endangered native species in nature reserves. To investigate the factors affecting alien and native species richness in temperate nature reserves of China, we used a database of 25 nature reserves in Shandong Province of northern China, and studied the relationship of alien and native plant species richness with climatic and anthropogenic factors, as well as area and elevation range. We found that most of the nature reserves in Shandong Province have been invaded by alien plant species. The distribution of alien and native species responds to the same climatic factors, and temperature and precipitation exert strong effects on both groups. Alien and native plant species richness are positively correlated. Human activity is more effective for explaining richness of alien than for native species. Simultaneously, human activity has stronger effects on alien herbaceous than on alien woody plants. Our results suggest that native species richness is mainly explained by climatic factors, whereas alien species richness is mainly explained by climatic factors and human activity together.

3

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Population structure, morphometry and individual condition of the non-native crab Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould, 1841), a recent coloniser of the Gulf of Gdansk (Southern Baltic Sea)

84%

Hegele-Drywa J., Normant M., Szwarc B., Podluska A.

Oceanologia

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2014

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tom 56

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nr 4

4

Cercopagis pengoi as an invasive species

84%

Gutkowska A., Paturej E.

Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline

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2010

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tom 14

The fishhook waterflea (Cercopagis pengoi) native to the Ponto-Caspian region, is an excellent example of an invasive species. Within one decade from its first appearance, Cercopagis pengoi has colonized nearly the entire Baltic Sea and most of the Great Lakes of North America. The species spread rapidly owing to its ecological and biological profile. The fishhook waterflea is an euryhaline organism marked by a predominance of parthenogenetic reproduction over sexual reproduction. This taxon quickly colonized inhabited ecosystems to create stable populations. The ecological and economic consequences of the species’ appearance are noticeable, but they have not been fully investigated and require further analysis.

5

Invasive Solidago species: how large area do they occupy and what would be the cost of their removal?

84%

Szymura M., Szymura T. H., Wolski K.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2016

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tom 64

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nr 1

The impact of biological invasions should be considered from ecological and economic perspective. To understand the influence of the invader, both its range and abundance should be known. Even if the range of invaders is well-known, the problem of assessing their abundance still occurs very often. In this study we report the results of an assessment of the area covered by stands of alien Solidago species in Silesia (Central Europe, south-western Poland, area ca. 30 000 km²), and estimated costs of the invaded areas recultivation. The results of field survey show that the stands of invasive Solidago species cover an area of about 130 000 hectares in S-W Poland, which is ca. 4.5% of the total area of the studied region. It was also found that the cadastral data and Corine land cover maps underestimate the area of fallowed agricultural lands. The cost of removing stands of invasive Solidago species in S-W Poland ranges from 123.24 to 266.17 million PLN, depending on the method. The method that balances reasonable costs, low environmental impact and efficiency of grassland establishment costs 180.7 million PLN for S-W Poland.

6

The influence of invasive Fallopia taxa on resident plant species in two river valleys (southern Poland)

84%

Chmura D., Tokarska-Guzik B., Nowak T., Wozniak G., Bzdega K., Koszela K., Gancarek M.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2015

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tom 84

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nr 1

Riparian zones in two rivers in southern Poland were studied in terms of species composition and soil parameters in patches dominated by three knotweed taxa (Fallopia japonica, F. sachalinensis and the hybrid F. ×bohemica). The main purpose was to detect any differences in species diversity, environmental conditions and in the impact of the three Fallopia spp. on resident species. Fieldwork was conducted in spring and summer in 30 invaded plots (in total 90 subplots). It was demonstrated that vegetation dominated by particular knotweed taxa differed in response to soil pH and ammonium, nitrate, and magnesium content. Fallopia spp. (living plants and necromass) had a stronger negative impact on the cover and species diversity of the resident species in summer in comparison with spring. Vegetation patches differed significantly in species composition in relation to the knotweed taxa present. These differences may be the consequence of the differentiated biotopic requirements of Fallopia taxa and the coexisting plants, or to the different impact of the knotweed taxa on the resident species.

7

Larval helminths in the invasive American brine shrimp Artemia franciscana throughout its annual cycle

84%

Georgiev B. B., Angelov A., Vasileva G. P., Sanchez M. I., Hortas F., Mutafchiev Y., Pankov P., Green A. J.

Acta Parasitologica

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2014

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tom 59

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nr 3

One of the best examples of rapid displacement of native species by an invader is the eradication of native Artemia salina and A. parthenogenetica in the Mediterranean by the introduced American A. franciscana. Previous studies based on sampling from limited time periods suggest that the success of the American species as a competitor may be due partly to different parasite burden, since native Artemia spp. have high cestode infection rates regulating their density. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that the helminth infection in A. franciscana in its invasive range is low throughout its annual life cycle. Samples of A. franciscana were collected every second month from La Tapa saltern (Andalusia) during one year. Five helminth species were recorded: cestodes Flamingolepis liguloides, F. flamingo, Gynandrotaenia stammeri (all flamingo parasites), Eurycestus avoceti (a shorebird parasite) and larval spirurids of the Acuariinae (the first record of nematodes in Artemia). The overall infection rate was low, with total prevalence 5.9% and prevalence of individual parasite species between 0.2 and 3.2%. The mean abundance of helminths was 0.005–0.155 (av. 0.068), 5–13 times lower than in native congeners. Waterbird counts indicate that the low infection rates cannot be explained by lack of definitive hosts. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that helminths have no regulating effect on the invasive brine shrimp in the Mediterranean. The replacement of the native populations by the invader can be partially explained by a competition mediated by parasites/predators through a differential impact on host fitness.

8

Modification in the nest guarding strategy - one of the reasons of the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) invasion success in the Gulf of Gdansk?

84%

Sapota M. R., Balazy P., Mirny Z.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2014

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tom 43

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nr 1

9

Impact of alien tree species Quercus rubra L. on understorey habitat and flora: a study of the Silesian Upland (Southern Poland)

84%

Chmura D.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2013

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tom 61

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nr 3

One hundred and one stands of non-native red oak Quercus rubra L. were examined across various forest types with the objective to relate the influence of environmental variables on the abundance of this species and to characterise its impact on the species richness and proportion of functional groups of native plant species. Amongst randomly selected stands more than 50% were self-regenerating ones, i.e. seedlings were present. The cover of Q. rubra seedlings was positively correlated with light intensity (rs = 0.38, P <0.05) and negatively with the content of nitrogen (rs = –0.20, P <0.05) and loss on ignition (rs = 0.20, P <0.05) in soil. The cover of mature trees was positively correlated with the value of pH (rs = 0.22, P <0.05). Separate correlations with DCA scores of phytosociological relevés and the cover of red oak in each layer showed that the species influenced the floristic composition of forest vegetation. The cover of mature trees of red oak negatively affected both the number of understorey species (rs = –0.39, P <0.01) and the cover of shrubs (rs = –0.21, P <0.05) and herbaceous species (rs = –0.22, P <0.05). Q. rubra in the form of a mature tree had a negative influence on the cover of barochores, endozoochores and species of Grime’s CSR strategy. The cover of red oak’s seedlings was negatively correlated with the cover of annual species (rs = –0.21, P <0.05). Saplings of Q. rubra had a negative influence on the cover of dyszoochores (rs = –0.21, P <0.05) and was positively correlated with competitors (rs = 0.31, P <0.01), megaphanerophytes (rs = 0.27, P <0.05) and therophytes (rs = 0.25, P <0.05). The study showed that Q. rubra is a competitive species both as a mature tree and in the form of seedlings or small saplings and thus it can contribute to the reduction of biodiversity in forest communities.

10

The importance of land use type in Fallopia (Reynoutria) japonica invasion in the urban environment

84%

Chmura D., Nejfeld P., Borowska M., Wozniak G., Nowak T., Tokarska-Guzik B.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2013

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tom 61

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nr 2

In total 273 stands of the invasive species Fallopia (Reynoutria) japonica in Oświęcim valley (southern Poland) were examined, in terms of cover, area, abundance, height and width of shoots, and presence of coexisting species. F. japonica occurred more frequently in wastelands and was the rarest in forests. Statistical analyses revealed some significant differences among habitats with particular traits. The most abundant populations, occupying the largest area, were recorded in wetlands and along railway lines. Populations were very diverse in terms of their percentage of flowering shoots within a particular type of habitat, however, the highest percentage was again observed in wetlands and along railways. In forests, gardens and in wastelands the contribution of flowering shoots was lower. The presence of accompanying species in the studied populations was generally low, most frequently stands of F. japonica were mono-specific with a slightly higher cover of accompanying species being recorded in F. japonica populations in forests. The highest proportion of the tallest shoots within a patch of F. japonica was observed in wetlands, while the lowest was in wastelands and in railways. The individuals with the thickest shoots were present in forests and wetlands and the thinnest in wastelands. Despite the simplified nature of the data collection the study demonstrated that F. japonica is more vigorous and forms larger stands occupying larger areas in some of the analyzed habitats. The study showed that in manmade habitats the considered species has favourable conditions for its development and further spread and this is of concern to conservationists and land managers as it can pose a threat to native biodiversity.

11

Pontogammarus robustoides (G.O. SARS, 1894) (Crustacea, Amphipoda), a new Ponto-Caspian invader in Great Masurian Lakes (NE Poland)

84%

Jazdzewska A., Jazdzewski K.

Fragmenta Faunistica

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2008

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tom 51

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nr 1

Recently Pontogammarus robustoides, a Ponto-Caspian amphipod species that has invaded Baltic lagoons and lower Vistula River at the end of 20lh century, abundantly appeared in some water bodies of the Great Masurian Lakes area.

12

An invasive Ponto-Caspian amphipod - Dikerogammarus haemobaphes [Eichwald, 1841] - conquers Great Masurian Lakes, North-Eastern Poland

84%

Jazdziewski K.

Fragmenta Faunistica

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2003

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tom 46

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nr 1

13

First report on the importance of alien gobiids in the diet of native piscivorous fishes in the lower Vistula River (Poland)

67%

Plachocki D., Kobak J., Kakareko T.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2012

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tom 41

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nr 2

14

Expansion of the invasive bivalve mollusc Dreissena bugensis (quagga mussel) in the Don and Volga River Basins: Revisions based on archived specimens

67%

Zhulidov A. V., Zhulidov D. A., Pavlov D. F., Nalepa T. F., Gurtovaya T. Y.

International Journal of Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology

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2005

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tom 05

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nr 2

Archived specimens of Dreissena, collected as part of a long-term biomonitoring effort in the lower Don and Volga River systems and dating back to 1979, were re-examined. Originally identified as Dreissena polymorpha or variants thereof, some of the specimens were identified to be Dreissena bugensis. Based on this new evidence, the invasion history of D. bugensis in these two river systems was re-evaluated. The finding of D. bugensis in the lower Volga River in the early 1980s rather than in the late 1980s/early 1990s indicates that its spread was much slower than earlier believed. Apparently, widespread dispersal was greatly facilitated by the completion of the reservoir system in the Volga River in the late 1980s which created conditions that were more conducive to this species. Upstream dispersal in both the Don and Volga Rivers was likely a function of human-mediated transport.

15

Effects of global risks – nitrogen additions on growth and competitive relations among invasive and native congeneric species – Bidens frondosa

67%

Pan Y., Tang S., Wei C., Li X.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2016

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tom 64

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nr 4

Human activity has greatly increased the amount of biologically available nitrogen entering the natural environment. Addition of N can affect growth of and competitive interactions between native and invasive plants, thus increasing or decreasing the risk of invasion by alien species. Bidens frondosa is an invasive weed native to North America that recently has begun to spread in China. The influence of soil nutrient content on B. frondosa invasion has not yet been reported. In a common garden experiment, we compared the growth and competitive effects between B. frondosa and its co-occurring native congeners — B. tripartita and B. biternata — under three N levels (0 g m⁻², 1 g m⁻², 5 g m⁻²) to assess whether increased levels of N modifies risk of B. frondosa invasion. Our results showed that while N additions increased both the growth and competitive advantage of B. frondosa as compared with that of the native congener species, results are particularly pronounced under high N levels. While growth responses to N addition varied little among invasive populations under high N levels, the competitive effect of B. frondosa did vary among populations and was significantly greater than that of the congeners. Anthropogenic N additions are likely to increase risks of B. frondosa invasions. Thus, management efforts should focus on the reduction of N input to ecosystems to mitigate invasions by B. frondosa.

16

Leaf damage of the black cherry, Prunus serotina Ehrh., by the leaf beetle, Gonioctena quinquepunctata Fabr.: an accidental foraging on a neophytic host, or an established trophic link?

67%

Halarewicz A., Jackowski J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2011

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tom 59

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nr 3

The Black Cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.), a North American forest tree, had been extensively planted for timber production in order to improve soil quality in pine plantations in European forests during the first half of the 20th century. Unfortunately, it failed to meet the foresters’ expectations. It has instead spread rapidly in silvicultures becoming a notorious weed species, difficult to control. Although it still has alien plant status, it seems that 150 years of its presence on the European continent might suffice for this neophyte to become adopted as a host plant by the native fauna of insect herbivores. The observations of Prunus serotina were conducted in 2009–2010 in the Rudno Forest District, Lower Silesia, Poland, on Prunus serotina plants growing as a thick understorey shrub layer in fresh mixed deciduous forest. The analyses, performed in 7–10 day intervals from April until the end of July each year, aimed at monitoring the population dynamics of Gonioctena quinquepunctata on P. serotina plants, and the dynamics of leaf perforation caused by this herbivore, in order to determine the relation between these two species. The insects were observed on 100 shoots on 10 plants on each observation date, and were recorded in situ. Based on the estimates of the leaf damage, the mean perforation index (PI) (%) was calculated on each date for each plant shoot, expressed as the mean percentage of the perforated leaf blade area. PI (%) was subsequently correlated with the beetle and larvae density on the plants. It has been demonstrated that the feeding of G. quinquepunctata on Black Cherry plants is more closely associated with the presence of its larvae, than with that of the beetles. Although the mean PI value on each observation date was never higher than 12%, the maximum perforation of individual leaf blades occasionally exceeded 50%, whereas the maximum mean PI calculated for individual shoots on each observation date reached as much as 47%. The authors suggest that feeding of G. quinquepunctata on P. serotina may represent an example of a well established trophic link between a native herbivore and a plant species still considered a neophyte.

17

Current state, habitat and potential invasiveness of Montia linearis (Douglas ex Hook.) Greene in Poland

67%

Dembicz I., Kozub L., Zaniewski P. T.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2015

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tom 84

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nr 3

Montia linearis is a vascular plant originating from western North America. The expansion of this species has been observed for several decades. For the first time M. linearis was found in Europe in 1989. Further six populations were documented by 2004 within the continent: three in Poland, two in Denmark and one in Hungary. Apart from discovering a new population of M. linearis, we confirmed two out of the three previously known localities of the species in Poland. All the currently known populations of M. linearis occupied predominantly meadow habitats, especially intensively managed sites. Some individuals were also found in disturbed sites with bare soil. The studied species inhabited soils of various types with broad range of fertility as well as humidity. Montia linearis populations reached densities up to 87 individuals per 0.04 m2. The number of seeds produced by an individual was between 10 and 55 in 90% of the studied specimens, however much more fertile specimens were also observed. As the previously presented hypothesis of M. linearis dispersal with rail transport seemed not to be well supported, the connection between the M. linearis presence and cattle husbandry is considered. It is possible that the species can be transferred with living animals or manure. The species was able to survive for at least 26 years within once inhabited site. Further spread of M. linearis within Europe is highly probable. The aim of the study is to: (i) describe the current state of populations of M. linearis in Poland, (ii) provide information on habitat preferences and biology of the species, (iii) assess the invasiveness potential of M. linearis in Poland.

18

Alien Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834) and protected Anodonta cygnea (Linnaeus, 1758) (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in the Spytkowice pond complex

67%

Najberek K., Strzalka M., Solarz W.

Folia Malacologica

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2011

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tom 19

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nr 1

Dead individuals of Chinese mussel Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea) were found in 2009 in the complex of fishponds in Spytkowice (S. Poland) in the Vistula River valley. Earlier records of this invasive alien species in Poland come mostly from heated waters. Its occurrence in fishponds indicates that it tolerates also colder waters; many aquatic ecosystems in Poland may be threatened with its invasion. Endangered swan mussel Anodonta cygnea (Linnaues) was found in the same fishponds. The species had not been reported from his area before and it is uncertain whether persistence of its population here is threatened by the invasion of Chinese mussel.

19

A home away from home: a meiobenthic assemblage in a ship's ballast water tank sediment

67%

Radziejewska T., Gruszka P., Rokicka-Praxmajer J.

Oceanologia

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2006

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tom 48

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nr S

The world-wide research on ship-aided dispersal of marine organisms and invasions of non-indigenous species focuses primarily on the plankters, which show the greatest potential for invading new areas and establishing viable populations in them, either in the water column (holoplankton) or on the bottom (meroplanktonic larvae of benthic species settling on the sea floor). As meiobenthic animals usually lack a pelagic larval stage in their life cycle, no biological invasion study has, to our knowledge, ever specifically targeted marine transport as a means of meiofaunal dispersal. Here we present a set of data showing that the sediment deposited in a ship’s ballast water tank does support a viable meiobenthic assemblage. We examined 0.015-dm3 aliquots of a 1 dm3 sample from a c. 1.5-cm thick layer of sediment residue in the ballast tank of MS Donnington, brought to the ‘Gryfia’ Repair Shipyard in Szczecin (Poland). The samples were found to contain representatives of calcareous Foraminifera, hydrozoans, nematodes, turbellarians, harpacticoid copepods and their nauplii, and cladocerans, as well as meiobenthic-sized bivalves and gastropods. Nematodes proved to be the most constant and most numerous component of the assemblage. The sediment portions examined revealed the presence of 1–11 individuals representing 11 marine nematode genera. The viability of the meiobenthic assemblage was evidenced by the presence of ovigerous females of both nematodes and harpacticoids. Survival of the meiobenthos in shipborne ballast tank sediment residues may provide at least a partial explanation for the cosmopolitan distribution of meiobenthic taxa and may underlie the successful colonisation of new habitats by invasive meiofaunal species.

20

Ecological significance of some kenophytes in Lower Silesian national parks

67%

Fabiszewski J., Brej T.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2008

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tom 77

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nr 2

The paper presents the results of several years investigations (2003-2007) on two invaders: the Himalayans Impatiens glandulifera and Asiatic Reynoutria japonica. The Sudety Mountains and their national parks are under strong pressure of both species, threatening the local vegetation. The four-year investigations have been carried out in field, glasshouse and in laboratory. Invasive species have their peculiar life histories which help them to occupy new areas. Those are above all the specific generative reproduction strategies (Impatiens) or vegetative reproduction strategies (Reynoutria). Both strategies secure the reproductive success and to capture more and more highly situated areas of the mountains. Very significant characteristics connected with the expansion of invaders is the excessively over and above the average production of seeds (Impatiens) and a huge annual increment aboveground biomass (Reynoutria). The investigated invasive species are probably not equipped with influence of allelopatic type as of greater importance is their competitive strength. The invaders can eliminate a part of the early spring flora belonging to the geophyte group and impoverish the regional biological diversity. Both the invasive plants enter also into some moist mountain forest communities.

Ograniczanie wyników

Habitat preferences of some neophytes, with a reference to habitat disturbances

Factors affecting alien and native plant species richness in temperate nature reserves of Northern China

Population structure, morphometry and individual condition of the non-native crab Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould, 1841), a recent coloniser of the Gulf of Gdansk (Southern Baltic Sea)

Cercopagis pengoi as an invasive species

Invasive Solidago species: how large area do they occupy and what would be the cost of their removal?

The influence of invasive Fallopia taxa on resident plant species in two river valleys (southern Poland)

Larval helminths in the invasive American brine shrimp Artemia franciscana throughout its annual cycle

Modification in the nest guarding strategy - one of the reasons of the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) invasion success in the Gulf of Gdansk?

Impact of alien tree species Quercus rubra L. on understorey habitat and flora: a study of the Silesian Upland (Southern Poland)

The importance of land use type in Fallopia (Reynoutria) japonica invasion in the urban environment

Pontogammarus robustoides (G.O. SARS, 1894) (Crustacea, Amphipoda), a new Ponto-Caspian invader in Great Masurian Lakes (NE Poland)

An invasive Ponto-Caspian amphipod - Dikerogammarus haemobaphes [Eichwald, 1841] - conquers Great Masurian Lakes, North-Eastern Poland

First report on the importance of alien gobiids in the diet of native piscivorous fishes in the lower Vistula River (Poland)

Expansion of the invasive bivalve mollusc Dreissena bugensis (quagga mussel) in the Don and Volga River Basins: Revisions based on archived specimens

Effects of global risks – nitrogen additions on growth and competitive relations among invasive and native congeneric species – Bidens frondosa

Leaf damage of the black cherry, Prunus serotina Ehrh., by the leaf beetle, Gonioctena quinquepunctata Fabr.: an accidental foraging on a neophytic host, or an established trophic link?

Current state, habitat and potential invasiveness of Montia linearis (Douglas ex Hook.) Greene in Poland

Alien Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834) and protected Anodonta cygnea (Linnaeus, 1758) (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in the Spytkowice pond complex

A home away from home: a meiobenthic assemblage in a ship's ballast water tank sediment

Ecological significance of some kenophytes in Lower Silesian national parks