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В статье проведен расчет скреперной установки для уборки навоза в условиях беспривязного содержания КРС; проведен анализ ее работы и предложены пути повышения эффективности; согласованы условия работы транспортеров поточной линии удаления навоза из коровника, установлены зависимости периодов включения в работу продольного, поперечного и наклонного транспортеров.
The main microclimate parameters, i.e. bacterial count and airborne emission to the immediate environment, were analyzed in a dairy barn. Air temperature, relative humidity and air flow velocity were measured on an attested Testo 400 device (Testo Inc., Germany). Air samples were collected by use of a Merck MAS-100 device (Merck KgaA, Darmstadt, Germany) onto a commercially available nutrient Columbia agar (Biolife, Milan, Italy) and incubated for 24 h in an incubator at 37oC work temperature. Measurements were carried out once a week in the morning, at noon, and in the evening during October and November 2002. In the barn, measurements were performed in the animal housing area along the feedlot, and outside the barn at a distance of 5 m, 25 m and 50 m eastward and westward from the barn. The measured dairy barn temperature ranged from 11.2oC to 13.1oC, relative humidity from 71.3-78.6%, and air flow velocity from 0.09-0.11 m/s. The mean value of total bacterial count in the barn air ranged from 2.82 x 104 cfu/m3 at noon to 7.76 x 104 cfu/m3 in the evening. Bacterial count decreased at particular measuring sites outside the barn, with Wilcoxon matched pair test showing statistical significance (p<0.05) at a distance of 5 m eastward and 5 m westward of the barn.
The heat obtained and converted from cowshed ventilation air was studied using an installation for heat recovery composed of a 3 kW fan coil unit with an output of 100 m3 ∙ h-1 and heat pumps with a capacity of 8 kW. The heat amounting to 0.346 GJ · day-1 was used to heat water in a 200dm3 buffer tank. Energy inputs averaged 47.34 kWh per day, and the efficiency index during the period was COP = 2.005. Measurements were performed from August to October and data from the heat meter and the thermometer were read at the same time every day. To increase the installation's efficiency (COP), it is necessary to increase the removal of heat. This is possible by means of additional heaters or a boiler for hot water, and by reducing the performance of the fan coil's circulation pump and decreasing the fluid flow rate to 0.3 m ∙ h-1 .
The paper presents results of air movement observations inside a cow barn (Fermbet construction type) adapted for a loose housing system. The conducted experiments made it possible to determine directions and characteristics of ventilated air flux in selected areas of the building as well as mark out areas where air stood still. In addition, the study offers recommendations regarding effective ventilation systems in the occupied zone under no-wind conditions.
The aim of the study was the comparison of fatty acid composition in longissimus dorsi muscle of ram lambs fattening under overhead shelter versus those in a barn. The maintenance did not influence on main fatty acid composition of muscle tissue. The muscle tissue of lambs reared under overhead shelter compared to these kept in the barn was characterized by significantly higher C10:0, C12:0 (P < 0.01) but higher C18:2, c9, t11(P < 0.05) content, which is desirable in human diet with regard to its peculiarities. The lambs rearing under overhead shelter does not decrease the nutritional value of meat and can reduce the cost of fattening.
A survey was carried out in 20 farms. Samples for the studywere collected from barns and granaries. The total of 25 392 mite specimens were isolated. The most abundant were mites from the family Acaridae, Glycyphagidae i Cheyletidae. More mite species were isolated from granaries in comparison to barns. Acarus siro, which is considered as a storage pest was dominant in granaries. Mites were more abundant in buildings where relative humidity was higher.
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