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This report presents results of four-year studies of bacterial production and biomass, and selected environmental variables (concentrations of total DOC, microbiologically labile DOC, chlorophylla) in surface pelagic waters of four Mazurian lakes of differing trophic status (oligo/mesotrophic, eutrophic, hypereutrophic, polihumic) during summer stratification periods 1994-97. Bacterial production and biomass were positively proportional to the degree of lake water eutrophication. The rates of production of bacteria and their biomass turnover were primarily dependent on concentrations of microbiologically labile organic substrates in the DOC pool. In lakes with high content of suspended particulate detritus (hypereutrophic and polihumic lakes) attached bacteria significantly predominated in total bacterial production. Importance of the "bottom-up" and "top-down" mechanisms in ecological regulation of bacterial production and biomass in the studied lakes is widely discussed.
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Removing lead from Iranian industrial wastewater

72%
Metals and chemicals have been increased in industrial processes which they contain a high level of toxic heavy metals and cause a lot of disadvantages for the environment and human health .Biosorption of Pb (П) ions has been studied from aqueous solutions in a batch system by using a bacterial strain isolated from petrochemical wastewaters. Strain 8-I was selected to study the impact of different factors on removal rate. According to morphological, physiological and biochemical characterizations of the strain and in comparison with other studies the strain was tentatively identified as Bacillus sp strain 8-I. The maximum Lead biosorption capacity of 8-I isolate was determined to be 41.58 % at pH 4.0 with 80 mg/l concentration in 48 hours equilibrium time. The comparison between the biosorption capacity of live (45.50 mg/g), heat inactivated (30.23 mg/g) and NaN3 pretreated biomass (26.86 mg/g) were indicated that the ability of live biomass for both of active and passive uptake of lead.
The classic description of a coloured lake implies low productivity (Nauman 1921; cited in Jones 1922). Wetzel (1975) initially classified dystrophic lakes as oligotrophic, but later stated that dystrophy represents a subset of trophic continuum, from oligotrophy to eutrophy, rather than a parallel concept (Wetzel 2001). Other more recent studies have demonstrated that many dystrophic lakes are mesotrophic or even eutrophic (Jones 1992, Keskitalo and Eloranta 1999). Furthermore, the pH of their water can range between 4.1 and 8.0 (Keskitalo and Eloranta 1999), and it is clear that this property should be treated as an additional factor affecting their trophic state. Our own findings from humic acidic lakes of different trophic states and from one posthumic lake (originally humic, now eutrophic with pH = 7), together with data from the literature describing about 40 brown-water lakes, can be used to verify general statements concerning microbial ecology paradigms for humic waters: 1) the bacterial to phytoplankton biomass ratio is generally high and increases with lake water colour; 2) there is a positive relationship between bacterial biomass and the concentration of organic matter expressed in dissolved organic carbon units and as water colour; 3) bacterial production is generally higher than primary production; 4) there is a good correlation between bacterial production and humic matter content; 5) the pH of the water/sediments can modify these relationships by accelerating the rates between the variables mentioned above in neutral pH and/or limiting them in low pH. In this review we show that these statements are not always confirmed by detailed analyses of the available data, suggesting that in addition to the concentration of humic matter, the lake productivity, expressed as chlorophyll a and primary production, also influences the ratios between the compared variables. We also demonstrate that despite being weaker, the relationships between phytoplankton-related variables and bacterial abundance and production in low pH lakes are similar to those in circum-neutral humic waters. In addition, we show that the conversion factors and the proportion of active bacterial cells greatly influence all of the aforementioned relationships.
Bacterial production and the accompanying environmental factors were measured in the water columns of two Arctic fjords during the cruise in July and August 2013. Water samples were collected at six stations located in the central part of Hornsund and Kongsfjorden. In Hornsund, where average water temperatures were 1.25-fold lower than in Kongsfjorden, the bacterial production was twice as high (0.116 ± 0.102 vs 0.05 ± 0.03 mg C m−3 h−1). Statistical analysis indicated that chlorophyll a concentration itself was not a significant factor that affected bacterial production, in contrast to its decomposition product, pheophytin, originating from senescent algal cells or herbivorous activity of zooplankton. Single and multiple regression analysis revealed that water temperature, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and pheophytin concentration were the main factors affecting bacterial production in both fjords.
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