Wyniki wyszukiwania - AGRO

1

Optical properties of stems and leaves of apple trees

100%

Tokarz K., Pilarski J.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences. Supplement

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2003

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tom 01

2

The use of molecular markers in apple breeding for disease resistance

88%

Stankiewicz M., Pitera E., Gawronski S. W.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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2002

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tom 07

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nr 2A

Molecular markers have become a useful tool simplifying and speeding up breeding work. They are also helpful in the genetic analysis of complex agronomic traits. The investigations concern the use of already available SCAR markers for molecular analysis of breeding materials. The markers are the apple powdery mildew resistance gene Pl2, originating from Malus zumi, and the apple scab resistance gene Vf, from M. ﬂoribunda 821. The clone U 211 was found to be highly resistant to mildew under field conditions and transmitted a high level of resistance to the majority of its progeny. The presence of the Vf gene conferring resistance to scab was confirmed by molecular analysis. As the molecular markers for the Pl2 gene are not present in the DNA of U 211, it is probable that the clone U 211 is a new source of mildew resistance.

3

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Root distribution of apple tree under various irrigation systems within the hilly region of Romania

88%

Tanasescu N., Paltineanu C.

International Agrophysics

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2004

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tom 18

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nr 2

4

Apple tree branches thermal utilization in a heating boiler

88%

Juszczak M.

Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty

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2006

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tom 49

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nr 175

5

Apple trees yielding and fruit quality depending on the crop load, branch type and position in the crown

75%

Szot I., Lipa T.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

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2019

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tom 18

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nr 2

The study was conducted from 2013 to 2015 on 10–13-year-old apple trees cv. ‘Szampion’ (M.9. rootstock) in experimental orchard of Department of Pomology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin. On the trees intensively flowering in 2013, the thinning treatments were performed as follows: thinning at the pink bud stage to the 50% of flower clusters leaving only a king flower in the remaining flower clusters; thinning at the pink bud stage to the 50% of flower clusters leaving only one lateral flower in the remaining flower clusters, thinning 4 weeks after full bloom to the 50% of fruit clusters leaving only a fruit from king flower in the remaining fruit clusters, thinning 4 weeks after full bloom to the 50% of fruit clusters leaving only one fruit from lateral flower in the remaining fruit clusters. Intensively flowering control trees in 2013 and poorly flowering trees in 2013 were left unthinned. The best results in terms of regularity of yielding and high-quality fruits after thinning at pink bud stage to king flower, were obtained. The largest fluctuations in yields were observed with the control tree that flowered poorly in the beginning of the study. It was found that the cultivar ‘Szampion’ is characterized by equal distribution of fruits in lower and middle parts of crown, however in the top of crown, the amount of fruits is significantly lower. Apples with the largest mean fruit weight were from spurs on wood older than two years. However the best flesh firmness, soluble solids and dry matter content was detected in fruits from brindles.

6

The effect of biopreparations on root growth and microbiology activity in the rhizosphere of apple trees

75%

Derkowska E., Sas Paszt L., Harbuzov A., Trzcinski P., Bogumil A.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

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2014

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tom 13

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nr 6

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of various biopreparations on the growth of the apple root system, the number of spores of AMF, the total number of bacteria and microscopic fungi in the rhizosphere soil, and the degree of mycorrhizal association in the roots of two apple tree cultivars. The experiment was established in the spring of 2009 in the Experimental Orchard of the Institute of Horticulture in Dąbrowice. The research objects were one-year-old maidens of the apple cultivars ‘Topaz’ and ‘Ariva’ grafted on M26 rootstock. The trees were treated with the following biopreparations: control, control NPK (standard NPK fertilization), manure, Micosat F + manure, Humus UP, Humus Active + Aktywit PM, BioFeed Amin + manure, BioFeed Quality + manure, Tytanit + manure, Vinassa + manure, Florovit Eko, and Florovit Pro Natura. Treatment of ‘Topaz’ and ‘Ariva’ apple trees with the biopreparations Micosat F, Humus UP, Humus Active + Aktywit PM, BioFeed Amin, Vinassa, Florovit Eko and Florovit Pro Natura produced positive effects on the growth of apple roots and their mycorrhizal frequency, and the size of the populations of microorganisms in the rhizosphere soil.

7

Resistance of Pezicula alba Gunthr. to benzimidazole fungicides in Poland

75%

Bielenin A.

Fruit Science Reports

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1987

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tom 14

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nr 1

8

Decomposition of apple leaves and roots in soil

75%

Adamska D., Politycka B.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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2002

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tom 481

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nr 1

The studies have been performed to trace changes in the soil content of phenolic compounds entering from decomposing apple leaves and roots, depending on the type and pH of soil and the rate of added apple residues. In has been found that roots added to soil were a richer source of phenolic compounds than leaves. Amount of phenols entering to soil from apple leaves and roots was in proportion with the applied rates of apple residues. A gradual fall in the content of phenolic compounds was found to occur in three successive months. But root residues added to the soil at a relatively high rate delayed this process. Neither liberation of phenolic compounds from the added apple residues nor the later fall of their content depended on the type and pll of the applied soil.

9

Studies on the period of flower bud initiation in apple tree

75%

Huang H.

Fruit Science Reports

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1987

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tom 14

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nr 1

10

Arbuscular mycorrhizal Glomus versiforme induced bioprotection of apple tree against scar skin disease

75%

Yang S., Zhang Z., Zhang Z., Shi S.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

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2014

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tom 13

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nr 5

Apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd) is a serious pathogen of apple fruits that results in severe loss in apple production. Up to nowadays, many ASSVd management options are applied to resist the disease, but the diserable resulits are not achieved. Therefore, this study was conducted in 2010–2012 at experimental field of Penglai City, Shandong Province, China (E 120°57’22’’, N 370°38’33’’) to investigate whether arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) Glomus versiforme protects Red Fuji apple trees (Malus × domestica Borkh) against apple scar skin viroid. Red Fuji apple trees were inoculated with Glomus versiforme and then potential protection mechanism was explored and compared to noninoculated plants. The results showed that inoculation with Glomus versiforme significantly increased root length colonization rate and clearly decreased the percentage of disease severity of apple scar skin disease. Compared to non-inoculated plants, Glomus versiforme obviously enhanced total nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in leaves. Root colonization by Glomus versiforme induced an increase in defense-related enzyme activities in fruits, such as the enhanced activities of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, chitinase and glucanase. Significant differences in acid content of fruit and fruit yield were observed as apple roots were colonized by Glomus versiforme. It is therefore concluded that Glomus versiforme can be regarded as a biocontrol agent to protect apple trees against the infection with ASSVd.

11

Effect of locality on the growth of M.9 and mahaleb cherry rootstocks

75%

Zydlik Z., Pacholak E., Rutkowski K.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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2009

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tom 536

Badania przeprowadzone w latach 2006-2007 w Katedrze Sadownictwa Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Poznaniu na terenie RSGD w Przybrodzie. Materiałem badań były podkładki dla jabłoni M.9 oraz dla wiśni - antypka, które wysadzono do skrzyń korzeniowych (rizoboksów) o wymiarach 70 x 37 x 15 cm. Obiektem badań była podkładka M.9, którą wysadzono w skrzyniach korzeniowych. Rośliny, po 8 w każdej kombinacji sadzono wiosną 25.04.2007 i 27.04.2008 roku. W doświadczeniu wykorzystano glebę z trzech różnych sadów o zróżnicowanym stopniu zmęczenia: 1 - gleba z nowiny, 2 - gleba z sadu wiśniowego po 25 latach uprawy, 3 - gleba z sadu jabłoniowego po 30 latach uprawy. W czasie likwidacji doświadczenia dokonano następujących pomiarów: średnicy pędu głównego, długości i masy pędów, korzeni oraz szyjki korzeniowej. Otrzymane wyniki poddano analizie statystycznej określając istotność różnic na poziomie prawdopodobieństwa α = 0,05. Wybrane do badań podkładki należą do najczęściej stosowanych w produkcji sadowniczej. Przeprowadzone badania wykazały, że stanowisko glebowe miało istotny wpływ na siłę ich wzrostu, która była najlepsza na stanowisku wcześniej użytkowanym rolniczo. Najsłabiej podkładki M.9 rosły na glebie gdzie przez 30 lat uprawiano sad jabłoniowy, a antypka na glebie po starym sadzie wiśniowym. Zmiana gatunku, czyli wysadzenie podkładek jabłoni na glebie z sadu wiśniowego, a antypki na glebie z sadu jabłoniowego, nieznacznie poprawiało wzrost, ale był on istotnie słabszy niż na glebie wcześniej użytkowanej rolniczo.

12

The control of codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) population using mating disruption method

75%

Pluciennik Z.

Journal of Horticultural Research

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2013

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tom 21

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nr 1

13

Growth and fruiting of 'Rubin' apple trees on six dwarf rootstocks (preliminary results)

75%

Porebski S., Poniedzialek W., Gastol M., Rzeznicka B.

Folia Horticulturae

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2005

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tom 17

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nr 2

14

Ethylene evolution intensity and apple fruit setting after thinning with NAA and ethephon

75%

Gonkiewicz A.

Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research

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2011

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tom 19

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nr 1

The experiment took place in 2006 and 2008. In 2007, the study did not take place due to severe damage to the buds and flowers caused by a spring frost. The subjects of the experiment were 14-year-old 'Sampion' apple trees grafted on the MM 106 rootstock. The auxin NAA, at the concentrations of 20 and 60 mgl-1, and ethephon, at the concentrations of 200 and 600 mg l-1, were used in the experiment. Spraying was carried out at the end of blooming, after 80% of the petals had fallen off the crown. Five days after spraying, the quantity of ethylene evolved from the fruitlets was measured. Large quantities of ethylene evolving were observed after spraying with ethephon, especially when used at 600 mg l-1. Spraying with auxin solutions caused large quantities of ethylene to be observed only during the first year of the study, two days after spraying with the 60 mg l-1 solution of NAA. From the third day after spraying with NAA, ethylene evolution from the fruitlets was observed to be only slightly higher than in the control. During the second year of the study, treatment with NAA caused a slight increase in ethylene evolution only during the first day after treatment. During subsequent days the evolved quantity of ethylene did not differ significantly from the control. In spite of the significant difference in the quantity of the ethylene evolved from the fruitlets, the percentage of the fruitlets was similar after using the agents at the higher concentrations: ethephon at 600 mgl-1 and NAA at 60 mgl-1, as well as at the lower concentrations. The treatments had only a slight influence on the reduction in the total yield. However, they were found to have a favourable influence on fruit size. The results of the study show a higher percentage of fruit with a diameter exceeding 7 cm in the total yield.

15

Variation of leaf area index and leaf water potential of young dwarf apple trees under different irrigation methods

75%

Senyigir U., Dagdelen N., Askin M. A., Kadayifci A., Ucar Y.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2013

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nr 1/III

In this research which was carried out inSuleymanDemirel University Research and Application Farm during 2007 and 2008 years, apple leaf area index (LAI) and leaf water potential (LWP) were observed in Jersey Mac (V1) and Williams Pride (V2) young apple varieties budded on M9 rootstock irrigated with different irrigation methods. Drip (D), subsurface drip (SD), surface (S) and undertree micro sprinkler (M) irrigation methods were used in the research. The amount of applied irrigation water was as much as 100% of Class A Pan evaporation measured during five days irrigation intervals. The amount of irrigation water was ranged between 348.3 (D, SD) – 1186 (S, M) mm depending on irrigation methods during the experimental years. Furthermore, maximum and minimum crop evapotranspiration values were determined as 426.1 (DV2) and 1334.7 (MV2) mm respectively. LAI values related to treatments ranged from 0.32 to 0.52 in 2007, 0.73 to 1.12 in 2008. LAI values increased by approximately 126.3% for all treatments. In both years, generally, the highest LAI values were observed in drip irrigation (D) for both varieties. Linear correlation (r=0.99, n=16) was obtained between fruit yields and leaf area index (LAI) values of the apple trees. Leaf water potential (LWP) measurements were repeated one day before and after irrigation during the irrigation period. The measurements were also conducted once along a day in the middle of the season. Changes in value of LWP were similar among the treatments.

16

Comparative study of two methods of apple budding

75%

Czarnecki B.

Annals of Warsaw Agricultural University. Horticulture

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1987

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tom 14

17

The effect of cultivar on the growth and relations between growth characters in “knip-boom” apple trees

75%

Lipecki J., Szot I., Lipa T.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

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2014

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tom 13

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nr 6

The measurements have been performed in the nursery in the years 2007–2013 to study differences in size and correlations between selected growth factors in “knipboom” trees of 6 apple cultivars on M.9 rootstock. The trees of ‘Jonagold Decosta’ (‘Red Jonaprince’ in 2013) and ‘Fuji Beni Shogun’ showed the strongest growth, ‘Šampion’ and ‘Camspur’ the weakest one, whereas ‘Gala Must’ and ‘Golden Delicious Reinders’ were characterized by moderate vigor. Mean length of one feather increased from the tree top towards its base, but did not depend significantly on the number of laterals per tree. Correlations between growth factors were similar to those found in maiden apple trees and the closest ones were between total length of lateral shoots and their number on the tree. A trunk diameter had stronger correlations with other growth parameters than tree height.

18

Photosynthetic activity of stems and leaves of apple, sweet cherry, and plum trees

75%

Pilarski J.

Folia Horticulturae

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2000

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tom 12

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nr 1

19

Reducing vegetative growth of Golden Delicious apple trees by root pruning and ways of planting

75%

Sosna I.

Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research

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2002

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tom 10

20

Influence of a rootstock on transpiration rate and changes in diameter of an apple tree leader growing under different soil water regimes

75%

Klamkowski K., Treder W.

Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research

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2002

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tom 10

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