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1
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Antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella spp. isolated from food

100%
Maka L., Popowska M.
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
|
2016
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tom 67
|
nr 4
This review summarizes current data on resistance among Salmonella spp. isolates of food origin from countries in different regions of the world. The mechanisms of resistance to different groups of antimicrobial compounds are also considered. Among strains resistant to quinolones and/or fluoroquinolones the most prevalent mechanism is amino acid substitutions in quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) of genes gyrA, parC but mechanism of growing importance is plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) associated with genes qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS but frequency of their detection is different. Resistance to sulfonamides is mostly associated with genes sul1 and sul2, while resistance to trimethoprim is associated with various variants of dhfr ( dfr) genes. Taking into account Salmonella spp. strains isolated from food, resistance to β-lactams is commonly associated with β-lactamases encoding by blaTEM genes. However strains ESBL and AmpC – positive are also detected. Resistance to aminoglicosides is commonly result of enzymatic inactivation. Three types of aminoglycoside modifying enzyme are: acetyltransferases (AAC), adenyltransferases (ANT) and phosphotransferases (APH). Resistance to tetracyclines among Salmonella spp. isolated from food is most commonly associated with active efflux. Among numerous genetic determinants encoding efflux pumps tetA, tetB, tetC, tetD, tetE and tetG are reported predominatingly. One of the most common mechanisms of resistance against chloramphenicol is its inactivation by chloramphenicol acetyltrasferases (CATs), but resistance to this compound can be also mediated by chloramphenicol efflux pumps encoded by the genes cmlA and floR. It is important to monitor resistance of Salmonella isolated from food, because the globalization of trade, leading to the long-distance movement of goods, animals and food products, encourages the spread of resistant pathogens around the world.
2

Antimicrobial resistance in Rhodococcus equi

100%
Cisek A. A., Rzewuska M., Witkowski L., Binek M.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
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2014
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tom 61
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nr 4
3

Resistance and serotypes evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated in West Pomerania region of Poland in the years 2001-2003

100%
Nowosiad M., Giedrys-Kalemba S.
Advances in Agricultural Sciences
|
2006
|
tom 10
4
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Molecular targets to develop future antimicrobials

84%
Al-Khayyat M. Z.
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
|
2019
|
tom 100
|
nr 2
5

Antimicrobial resistance of aerobic bacteria isolated from the inflamed uterus of cows

84%
Malinowski E., Lassa H., Markiewicz H., Kaptur M., Nadolny M., Niewitecki W., Zietara J.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2010
|
tom 66
|
nr 03
192-195
The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro resistance of aerobic bacteria isolated from the uterine pathological secretion of 312 dairy cows with clinical metritis and clinical endometritis to antibiotics. Animals with pathological discharges from the vagina observable between the 7th and 50th day after parturition were diagnosed clinically per vaginam and per rectum and then swabs from uteri lumen were aseptically collected. Bacteriological examinations of swabs were performed according to commonly accepted rules. Sensitivity to antibiotics was tested by the disk diffusion method and performed according to CLSI (formerly NCCLS) guidelines in Mueller-Hinton agar. The bacteria isolated were mostly Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Escherichia coli, non E. coli Gram-negative rods, Streptococcus species and Staphylococcus species. Strains of Arc. pyogenes were the most susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (97.3%), ceftiofur (98%) and bacitracine (96.7%). E. coli isolates were the most susceptible to norfloxacin (100%), marbofloxacin (100%), rifaximin (97%), gentamycin (96%) and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (95.5%). Other Gram-negative bacteria were the most sensitive to norfloxacin (100%), neomycin (100%) and cefoperazon (95%). Streptococcus species were the most susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (94.6%), ampicillin (92.3%), norfloxacin (92%), cephapirine (88%), cefoperazone (86.5%), rifaximine (85.7%) and penicillin (84.9%). The highest in vitro activity against Staphylococcus spp. was demonstrated by amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (100%), norfloxacin (100%), neomycin (93.6%) and cefoperazone (85.7%). Arc. pyogenes were the most resistant to oxytetracycline and cloxacillin, E. coli to ampicillin and cephapirin, non-E. coli Gram-negative rods to ampicillin and cephapirin, Streptococcus spp. to neomycin and oxytetracycline, and Staphylococcus spp. to ampicillin.
6

Antimicrobial resistance and virulence factor gene profiles of Enterococcus spp. isolated from giant panda oral cavities

84%
Zhong R., Zhou Z., Liu H., Zhong Z., Peng G.
Journal of Veterinary Research
|
2021
|
tom 65
|
nr 2
7

Genotypic diversity, antimicrobial resistance and screening of Vibrio cholerae molecular virulence markers in Vibrio alginolyticus strains recovered from a Tunisian Ruditapes decussatus hatchery

84%
Mechri B., Medhioub A., Medhioub M. N., Aouni M.
Polish Journal of Microbiology
|
2013
|
tom 62
|
nr 3
In this study, a total of 54 Vibrio alginolyticus strains were analyzed. The isolates were recovered from different compartments of the Ruditapes decussatus hatchery in the National Institute of Marine Sciences and Technologies, Monastir, Tunisia. All isolates were biochemically identified (API 20E and API ZYM strips), characterized by amplification of the Hsp-40 gene polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-based genotyping to evaluate genetic relationship between the isolated strains. We also looked for the presence of ten V. cholera virulence genes (toxRS, toxR, toxT, toxS, tcpP, tcpA, ace, vpi, zot and ctxA) in the genomes of Vibrio isolates. The antibiotics susceptibility, exoenzymes production and in vitro cytotoxic activitiy against HeLa cell line were also carried out for all tested bacteria. Most of V. alginolyticus isolates showed significant antimicrobial resistance rates to at least ten antibacterial agents. For most isolates, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) data showed that tetracyclin and streptomycin were the most effective antibiotics. Construction of the phylogenetic dendogram showed that studied isolates were in general genetically heterogeneous; however some Vibrio strains were present in different structures of the R. decussatus hatchery. The V. cholerae virulence genes investigation showed a wild distribution of toxS (49/54), toxR (45/54) and toxT (22/54) genes among V. alginolyticus strains isolated from the R. decussatus rearing system. Cytotoxic effects of several Vibrio extracellular products (28/54) were also observed on HeLa cells.
8

Antimicrobial resistance and virulence markers of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolated from retail poultry meat in Poland

84%
Wieczorek K.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2010
|
tom 54
|
nr 4
The occurrence of Campylobacter in poultry meat and subsequent antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolates were investigated. The prevalence of Campylobacter in 101 samples was 87.1%. Of these samples, 54.5% contained Campylobacter coli and 45.5% were contaminated with Campylobacter jejuni. Among the strains tested, resistance to ciprofloxacin and nalidixid acid was the most common, followed by tetracycline and streptomycin. On the other hand, all analysed isolates were susceptible to erythromycin and gentamycin. Moreover, the prevalence of several virulence marker genes among Campylobacter isolates was estimated. All strains showed the presence of the flaA and cadF factors, whereas the iam was identified only in C. jejuni, while the cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC genes were amplified almost in all C. coli isolates.
9
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Antimicrobial resistance of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. isolated from cattle in Poland

84%
Bednarski M., Wieliczko A.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
|
2010
|
tom 13
|
nr 1
189-191
Campylobacter species are among the most frequently identified bacterial causes of human gastroenteritis. Because Campylobacter spp. harbored by cattle can be transmitted to humans, in this study we investigated antimicrobial resistance of thermophilic Campylobacter isolated from cows. Our study included 150 strains of Campylobacter (143 strains of C. jejuni and 7 strains of C. coli) isolated from cows in South-Western Poland. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin and tetracycline were determined using the agar dilution methodology. All strains of C. coli were susceptible to all four drugs studied. The most frequently detected resistance of C. jejuni was to ciprofloxacin (26 strains 18.2%). Resistance to tetracycline was observed in 5 strains (3.5%). All strains of C. jejuni were susceptible to erythromycin and gentamicin.
10

Salmonella serovars found in animals and feeding stuffs in 2001 and their antimicrobial resistance

84%
Hoszowski A., Wasyl D.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2002
|
tom 46
|
nr 2
11

Occurrence of pathogenic strains of Yersinia enterocolitica in pigs and their antimicrobial resistance

84%
Simonova J., Borilova G., Steinhauserova I.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2008
|
tom 52
|
nr 1
Between 2005 and 2007, the incidence of Y. enterocolitica in pigs and particularly of its human pathogenic serotypes O:3 and O:9, was monitored. In 1 706 samples collected from the tongue, skin surface, skin surface near the rectum, rectal content, and tonsils, 76 pathogenic strains of Y. enterocolitica were identified. Y. enterocolitica was found most frequently on the tonsils (7.5%) and in rectal content (7.4%), and less frequently on the tongue (5.1%), skin surface (2.8%), and skin surface near the rectum (1.0%). Eighty-eight per cent of the strains belonged to the serotype O:3, one strain isolated from skin surface was identified as serotype O:5, and 8 strains were not specified. Using the reference agar dilution method, susceptibility to six antimicrobial agents (tetracycline, nalidixic acid, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin) was tested. The strains showed high MIC levels to erythromycin and tetracycline. On the other hand, they were susceptible to the nalidixic acid, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, and ciprofloxacin. The highest susceptibility was found to ciprofloxacin.
12
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Salmonella spp. found in wastes, sewage sludge, compost and their antimicrobial resistance

84%
Hoszowski A., Wasyl D.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2001
|
tom 45
|
nr 2
Salmonella strains were isolated from 24.1 % of wastes, sewage sludge and compost samples. The strains belongcd to serovars widely identified among human, animal, food and animal feeding stuffs isolates and showed high resistance to antimicrobials. Therefore Salmonella contamination of the environment should be controlled to protect human and animal health.
13

Antimicrobial resistance of Helicobacter pylori clinical strains in the last 10 years

67%
Andrzejewska E., Szkaradkiewicz A., Karpinski T.
Polish Journal of Microbiology
|
2009
|
tom 58
|
nr 4
301-305
In the present work primary antimicrobial resistance was analyzed in clinical H. pylori strain isolates from adult patients from Polish Wielkopolska region within the last 10 years. Drug sensitivity was evaluated in a total of 142 H. pylori isolates, with 66 strains originating from years 1997/1998 forming group 1 and 76 strains isolated in 2007/2008 forming group 2. Sensitivity to amoxicillin, tetracycline, metronidazole and clarithromycin was determined by E-test. All strains were susceptible to amoxicillin and tetracycline. On the other hand, a high proportion of strains resistant to metronidazole was determined (36.4% in group 1 and 44.7% in group 2). In parallel, a growing tendency was discovered for resistance to clarithromycin (9.1% strains resistant in group 1 and 18.4% isolates resistant in group 2). The studies confirm the need for monitoring the drug resistance of Helicobacter pylori strains.
14

The KPC type beta-lactamases: new enzymes that confer resistance to carbapenems in gram-negative bacilli

67%
Sacha P., Ostas A., Jaworowska J., Wieczorek P., Ojdana D., Ratajczak J., Tryniszewska E.
Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica
|
2009
|
tom 47
|
nr 4
15

Mobile genetic elements as carriers of antimicrobial resistance genes and transfer of drug resistance in Acinetobacter spp. – selected problems

67%
Karakulska J., Kaczynska M., Furowicz A. J., Fijalkowski K.
Advances in Agricultural Sciences
|
2010
|
tom 13
|
nr 1
16

Molecular characterization of class 1 integrons in clinical strains of Salmonella Typhimurium isolated in Slovakia

67%
Majtanova L., Majtan T., Majtan V.
Polish Journal of Microbiology
|
2007
|
tom 56
|
nr 1
The presence of class 1 integrons was investigated in 156 epidemiologically unrelated Salmonella Typhimurium isolates. Of these 156 isolates, 70 were of definitive phage type DT104 and 86 were strains of various phage type, RDNC and untypable, designated here as non-DT104 strains. Intégrons were found in 47 of DT104 isolates (67.1%), while in all strains with characteristic pentaresistance (R-type ACSSuT) two intégrons 1.0 kb and 1.2 kb in size were found. Among 86 non-DT 104 strains, intégrons with sizes of 1.6 kb and 1.9 kb in four multidrug-resistant strains DT193 and U302 were found. The intégrons from selected strains were further sequenced and the aadA1, aadA2, dlifrl, dhfr12 and blaPSE genes were found embedded in cassettes.
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