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1

Pszczoly tancza

100%
Wrobel S.
Biuletyn Informacyjno-Handlowy. Ośrodek Doradztwa Rolniczego Boguchwała
|
1997
|
nr 06
8-9
2

Nibbling as non-verbal communication in dogs

100%
Rozempolska-Rucinska I., Trojan M., Kosik E., Prochniak T., Janeczko P.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2014
|
tom 70
|
nr 05
The aim of the paper was to answer the question of what message is conveyed by dogs exhibiting behaviour referred to as “nibbling” and what emotions are associated with this behaviour. The data for the analysis were obtained from owners who observed this type of behaviour in their dogs. In total 14 groups of animals were examined. Information was collected in the form of film recordings, which proved that the behaviour observed corresponded to that analyzed in the study. Additionally, information from the owners was used. It was observed that the ethology of nibbling in its primary, autochthonic form is related to maternal behaviour. However, since behaviour becomes detached from its biological roots in the process of ritualization, it has gained information-affiliation-consolation functions. Nibbling is not related to status in the social group or a dominant or submissive personality. It reflects highly positive emotions of one animal towards another, including humans, and constitutes a special form of communication that strengthens and creates emotional bonds regardless of animals’ place in the social group.
3

Functional characterization of begging calls in Thin-billed Prions Pachyptila belcheri chicks

84%
Duckworth A., Masello J. F., Mundry R., Quillfeldt P.
Acta Ornithologica
|
2009
|
tom 44
|
nr 2
Chicks beg to solicit food and care from their parents. Previous studies of nocturnally feeding Thin-billed Prions (Pachyptila belcheri) showed that chicks convey information about their condition to their parents by means of begging calls. However, those studies used tape-recorders with a limited recording duration, which precluded the recording of complete nights, so only the first begging sessions per night were analysed. Here we present data on begging call intensities and the acoustic parameters of begging elements obtained using digital voice recorders, which enabled complete nights to be recorded. Chicks used from one to five begging sessions per night. We found that the parameters of the first calling sessions did not reflect body condition, whereas the duration of begging sessions and the number of begging calls over the whole night was correlated with the chicks' body condition and the sizes of the meals delivered by the parents. The acoustic parameters of begging call elements were not correlated with body condition. Chicks did not change call frequencies according to their state of nutrition. All call parameters, including the acoustic parameters of chick begging calls, were highly chick-specific. We further tested for age effects and found strong correlations between call features and the age of chicks. The results of the present study show that some begging parameters, e.g. the duration of begging sessions and the number of begging calls over the whole night, are connected with condition, while others, such as acoustic parameters, are linked with individual chick recognition.
4

Use of olfaction for sexual recognition in the subterranean rodent Ctenomys talarum

84%
Fanjul M. S., Zenuto R.R. Busch C.
Acta Theriologica
|
2003
|
tom 48
|
nr 1
The ability of the tuco-tuco Ctenomys talarum Thomas, 1898 to recognize sex by olfactory cues contained in urine, faeces and soiled shavings was tested by using preference tests. Nonbreeding tuco-tucos selected odours from opposite-sex rather than same-sex conspecifics. This pattern differed between sexes: females spent more time sniffing male than female odours for all scent sources whereas males did not show any difference in the time they spent investigating odours of each sex for each tested odour sources. Dissimilarities in odour selections between sexes may be attributed to a different combination of factors involved in olfactory interest for each sex. The function of gender cues recognition is discussed.
5

Behavioral, ultrasonic, and cardiovascular responses of male wistar rats in different social and emotional contexts after ultrasonic playback

67%
Filipkowski R. K.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
|
2019
|
tom 79
|
nr Suppl.1
Rats are social animals that use ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) to communicate. USV are usually divided into 50 kHz calls which accompany appetitive states, and 22 kHz vocalizations which are usually associated with aversive states. Both kinds of states are known to affect animals’ heart rate (HR). Also, the polyvagal theory claims that both cardiovascular parameters and USV emission is affected by the autonomous system, as they share a common signaling pathway. The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in behavior, HR, and USV emission after playback of ultrasounds. Male Wistar rats were housed in pairs or separately for 4 weeks, and some of the animals underwent fear conditioning. Animals were implanted with DSI telemetry transmitters for acquisition of cardiovascular parameters. After recovery, rats were subjected to ultrasounds playback consisting of initial 10 min of static silence and five sets of 10 s sounds (50 or 22 kHz), either natural, collected from animals, or artificial tones, separated by 5 min silence intervals. Video, audio, and cardiovascular parameters were collected. Surprisingly, presentation of both 50 and 22 kHz sounds induced approach behavior. Both single- and pair-housed animals responded with a larger number of USV to both natural and artificial 50 kHz sounds playback rather than to 22 kHz sounds. The emitted USV were, almost exclusively, within the 50 kHz range. Animal HR levels decreased gradually during the experimental session. Single‑housed animals had, in general, higher HR than paired rats. There was an impact of every kind of ultrasonic presentation on HR levels; in general, 50 kHz ultrasonic playback caused a sudden increase in HR, whereas 22 kHz presentations evoked a HR drop. Surprisingly, USV and artificial tones had similar effects on HR and USV responses. Social context did not appear to alter rats’ USV emission. The results following fear conditioning are being analyzed. Also, in a separate set of experiments, rats ultrasonic responses were analyzed following presentation of a defined number of pre‑recorded USV.
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