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The HLA class II region genes DQB1*0602 and DQA1*0102 are currently the best genetic predictors for narcolepsy in humans [1], The aim of this study was to identify the HLA DQ alleles (DQB1*0602 and DQA1*0102) in Slovene sporadic narcoleptic patients. 11 patients who fulfilled ICSD criteria for narcolepsy entered the study. DRB1*1501 DQB1*0602 was present in all the patients while DQA1*0102 was absent in 2 patients. We propose that DQB1*0602 typing is important in diagnosing narcolepsy in Slovene patients.
Molecular markers are modern diagnostic tools, which may help breeders to solve practical problems. They facilitate cultivar Identification, the determination of genetic similarities among breeding stocks and enable the calculation of polymorphism level, heterozygosity or self-pollination rate. But the main expectation with respect to molecular markers is their potential use in marker-assisted selection (MAS). There are four major strategies of finding a molecular marker tightly linked to a target gene of agronomie importance. The first approach takes advantage of the nearly isogenic lines (NILs) which are differentiated only by the allelic sets in the gene of interest and in the adjacent chromosomal region. The second strategy involves bulked segregant analysis (BSA) for identification of markers linked to a single gene. The third involves the genetic dissection of more complex traits, which leads to the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) and their markers. The fourth strategy of marker identification includes computer databases (sequence and mapping data). The usefulness of these strategies is discussed in this paper. Some consequences of the application of BSA for gene tagging are described.
TSK gel permeation chromatography of non-granular starches, amylopectin chain-length distributions measured by HPAEC-PAD, and DSC characteristics of starches of maize endosperms possessing different alleles at the amylose-extender (ae) loci were studied. GPC of non-granular starches through Toyopearl columns showed that elution profiles for 5 ae mutants, Oh43 inbred line ae (standard ae), ae- RWB-2 and ae-RWB-3, and W23xL317 hybrid line ae-PP and ae-Bol 561, were similar to a commercial ae starch, Hylon VII and different from Hylon ae starch and normal maize starches. The elution profile for W23xL317 ae-emll was similar to Hylon and different from Hylon and normal maize starches. HPAEC-PAD of isoamylase-debranched starches showed that the 5 ae mutants were uniquely ae type similar to Hylon VII and different from Hylon V. W23xL137 ae-emll had the amylopectin chain-length distribution similar to Hylon . Gelatinization temperatures (Tp) of the ae starches measured by a Setaram Micro DSC III were high compared with the normal counterpart starches except for Oh43 ae-RWB-1 starch. Oh43 ae-RWB-1 starch had structure and thermal characteristics similar to the normal maize starch.
The aims of this study were 1) to determine the variability in the flowering phenology of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) clones in a seed orchard and 2) to compare the genetic structure and genetic markers (13 isozyme loci and 5 chloroplast and 3 nuclear DNA microsatellite loci) among groups of clones that are differentiated by flowering phenology. Using the timing of male inflorescence development, 57 plus trees represented by their clones in a seed orchard were classified into three phenological groups: early-, intermediate-, and late-flowering. The microsatellites showed no significant differences in the genetic structure of the analyzed phenological groups. However, the frequency of allele 2 at the shikimate dehydrogenase A locus (ShDH A 2) differed significantly between the groups of early- and late-flowering trees and between the groups of intermediate- and late-flowering trees. In addition, a significant difference in the frequencies of the genotype ShDH A 11 was observed between the intermediate- and late-flowering groups. Nei’s genetic distance indicated that the late-flowering group was the most genetically distant among the phenological groups. These results suggest that the ShDH A locus might be considered as isoenzymatic marker that differentiates these flowering groups of Scots pine clones. At several isozyme and DNA loci, the presence of private alleles in each group of pines was observed. However, these alleles cannot serve as markers of Scots pine flowering time because of their low frequencies.
Polymorphism of insulin like growth factor IGF-1gene in selected Polish sheep breeds. Research was carried out in 2009-2013 on 1751 sheep bred in Poland (1366 ♀; 385♂) - 4 meat-wool breeds: Polish Merino, Old type Polish Merino, Corriedale and Żelaźnieńska sheep and 3 meat breeds (Berrichone du cher, Suffolk, Charolaise) from 34 flocks selected randomly across the country. All animals were subjected to identification factor insulin-IGF-1 gene, in the assessment of C and T alleles. Summing up, it should be noted that in 4 meat-wool breeds and 2 meat breeds (Berrichone du cher , Suffolk) there were no polymorphism of alleles and genotypes of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) gene, limiting its scope to determine C allele and CC genotype. Only one Charolaise ewe (breed imported from France) had T allele and C:T genotype. That result indicates the need for further research about sheep imported and adapted in Polish production conditions and assess the adaptation process.
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