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Seasonal variability of carbon monoxide (CO) in the ambient environment of Imo State, Nigeria

100%

Njoku P., Ibe F. C., Alinnor J., Opara A.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

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2016

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tom 53

The air qualities of four areas in Imo State with a total of twenty two locations were monitored for a period six months with respect to CO level using Gasman air monitor (Crowcon Instruments Ltd, England. The air quality monitoring was conducted in the morning, afternoon and evening hours within dry and wet seasons in order to elucidate the variability of this atmospheric pollutant in the study locations. The results obtained showed significant variation of the air pollutant in the morning, afternoon and evening including within the twenty four weeks, and between dry and wet seasons. The mean values of CO in the dry season are in the order Egbema > Okigwe > Owerri > Orlu, while the order for the mean CO level in wet season is Okigwe > Orlu > Egbema > Owerri. Elevated concentration of CO was observed in the study areas above 10 ppm, the Nigerian National ambient air quality standard. This observation calls for health and environmental concern. Hence, anthropogenic activities and fugitive emission sources of atmospheric pollutants such as increased vehicular traffic, biomass combustion, use of electric power generating sets, leakages from incinerators and flare stacks should be seriously monitored.

2

Detection of genotoxicity of atmospheric particles using a high-throughput microplate umu-test system

100%

Funasaka K., Kitano M., Nakama A., Yoshikura T., Oda Y.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2003

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tom 50

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nr 1

A previously developed and highly sensitive umu-microplate test system based on the nitroreductase- and O-acetyltransferase-overproducing strain Salmonella typhimurium NM3009 and the O-acetyltransferase-overproducing strain S. typhimurium NM2009 was applied to the detection of genotoxic activity in atmospheric particles in urban areas using a relatively small sample load. The results showed that the test system was able to detect slight increases in induced genotoxicity in atmospheric particles and that genotoxicity was detected mainly in the fine fraction but also partially in the coarse fraction. The present sensitive microplate test system has potential for application to the screening of various other environmental samples.

3

Survey of indoor air pollution and health symptoms at residential buildings

86%

Sarkar S., Nandy A., Talapatra S. N., Basu R., Mukhopadhyay A.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

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2014

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tom 08

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nr 1

This survey work summarizes the generation of indoor air pollutants (IAPs) through household products and activities and also the probable health symptoms of IAPs were discussed through questionnaire in the residential buildings of urban and semi urban area when compared to rural (control) area by door to door survey. The IAPs are categorized as physical, chemical and biological and surveyed as per the product(s) usage in the closed room of buildings. The survey results of IAPs generated from household products and activities, these are asbestos, fine particulate matters and ash as physical pollutants. The chemical pollutants are carbon mono and di oxide gases, phthalates; DDT, chlordane, heptachlor, o-phenylphenol; PBDEs, Formaldehyde, Other Aldehydes, lead, benzene, chloroform, para-dichlorobenzene, methylene chloride, perchloroethylene, styrene, benzene, formaldehyde, terpenes, styrene, phthalate esters, toluene, Propellant, pesticides, PAH, NOx, acrylamide, VOCs, acetone, HCl gas and biological pollutants are bacteria, fungi, viruses, house dust mites, animal dander; cockroaches, microbial spore. In respect to established health impact data, the health symptoms were recorded after survey in two areas viz. urban and semi urban area. The health symptoms were recorded as eye, nose, and throat irritation; allergic reactions, respiratory irritation, aggravated asthma, influenza and other infectious diseases may be the generation of IAPs. The urban and semi urban area are compared with rural (control) area in which no symptoms were found as per discussion. In the present survey it was concluded that the generation of IAPs may from household products and activities in the urban and semi urban area due to less ventilation facilities when compared to rural (control) area. This is a preliminary observation, further researches are needed in relation to measurement of physical, chemical and biological indoor pollutants in closed room of residential buildings and also health hazards study of residents by haematological, biochemical, enzymological and genotoxicological parameters.

4

Geospatial and geostatistical analyses of particulate matter (PM10) concentrations in Imo State, Nigeria

86%

Iheanyichukwu O. A., Chizoruo I. F., Chukwuemeka N. P., Ikechukwu A. J., Kenechukwu E. C.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

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2016

|

tom 57

Geospatial and geostatistical analysis of particulate matter (PM10) variation in Imo State, Nigeria was carried out. The objectives of the study were to determine and analyze the variation in concentration of ambient PM10 level in Imo State, Nigeria. Air quality sampling was conducted within November 2014 and June 2015, in wet and dry seasons three times daily using Haze Dust Particulate Monitor (10μm). The mean concentration of PM10 level observed in the study varied from 5.22 - 6.63mg/m3 in wet season and 5.80 - 8.38 mg/m3 in dry season. Coefficient of variation (CV %) revealed that the variability of PM10 level ranged between little and moderate variations in both wet and dry season. Analysis of variance (ANOVA p<0.05) showed statistically significant variation in the mean PM10 level in the study locations. Box and Whisker plots confirmed variation of PM10 in the morning, afternoon and evening. The GIS plots revealed the spatial attributes of the air pollutant in the study locations. Time series plots indicate that the air pollutants fluctuated throughout the study duration. The Wind Rose suggests that the prevailing wind speed and wind directions were responsible for the dispersal migration of the air pollutant in the study area. The highest seasonal mean values were observed in Egbema and Okigwe area in both dry and wet season. The seasonal mean values recorded in the study exceeded the Nigerian National Ambient Air Quality Standards. This calls for urgent response to prevent further air quality deterioration and its negative effects on man and the environment.

5

Inorganic pollutants deposition in Gdansk Region in relation to the critical load concept

86%

Medrzycka K. B., Landowska A.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2002

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tom 11

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nr 6

The deposition of acidifying compounds in Gdask region has been investigated. Bulk wet (in the open field), and throughfall (in the forest) stand, depositions were measured from 1994 till 2001. The deposition of sulphates, nitrates and ammonium salts has been analysed. The obtained results are compared with the critical deposition for sulphur and nitrogen related to the Gdask region. It has been stated that exceeding critical load was not observed for sulphur, while it was observed for nitrogen.

6

Evaluation of air pollution by bioindication tests

86%

Karpinska-Smulikowska J., Piekarska K., Moskal J., Czarny A.

Acta Poloniae Toxicologica

|

2000

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tom 08

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nr 1

7

Prediction of SO2 and PM concentrations in a coastal mining area [Zonguldak, Turkey] using an artificial neural network

72%

Tecer L. H.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2007

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tom 16

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nr 4

633-638

In this study, artificial neural networks are proposed to predict the concentrations of S02 and PM at two different stations in Zonguldak city, a major coastal mining area in Turkey. The established artificial neural network models involve meteorological parameters and historical data on observed S02, PM as input variables. The models are based on a three-layer neural network trained by a back-propagation algorithm. The models accurately measure the trend of SO2 and PM concentrations. The results obtained through the proposed models show that artificial neural networks can efficiently be used in the analysis and prediction of air quality.

8

Study of venturi scrubber efficiency for pesticide industry

72%

Desai R., Sahu O. P.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

|

2014

|

tom 04

A venturi scrubber is designed to effectively use the energy from the inlet gas stream to atomize the liquid being used to scrub the gas stream. This type of technology is a part of the group of air pollution controls. The air pollution generated from the industry is now become serious problem for the environment, which affect the living and non living thing on the Earth. Among all the air pollution monitoring equipment venturi scrubber found to suitable for prevention of air pollution by pesticide. It was found that scrubber shows 99.1 % efficiency.

9

Microbiological air contamination in poultry houses

72%

Lonc E., Plewa K.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

2010

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tom 19

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nr 1

15-19

Since intensive poultry production is accompanied by as high as possible densities of birds within buildings, this exposes poultry house workers to elevated concentrations of bioaerosol that is mainly emitted by birds. Exposure to dust containing pathogenic microbial and parasitic agents may cause asthma, asthma-like syndrome, mucous membrane irritation, chronic bronchitis, and allergic alveolitis organic dust toxic syndrome, as well as chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Since the microbial air pollution data base of poultry houses is insufficient at present, and poultry production is increasingly widespread, it is important to collect, compare and update the available data.

10

Spatial-temporal variations of sulphur dioxide concentration, source, and probability assessment using a GIS-based geostatistical approach

72%

Tecer L. H., Tagil S.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2013

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tom 22

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nr 5

Ground-level sulphur dioxide is one of the air pollutants of high concern as a typical indicator of urban air quality. To inform decisions regarding, for instance, the protection of public health from elevated SO₂ levels in the city of Balikesir, an understanding of spatial-temporal variance of SO₂ patterns is necessary. Therefore, the aim of this study is to locate sample points, characterize distribution patterns, perform the probability map, and map SO₂ distributions by means of spatial information sciences. In this work, the data were compiled from 48 sampling sites using passive sampling on 10-17 March 2010 (in winter) and on 13-20 August 2010 (in summer). The estimations of SO₂ levels at unsampled locations were carried out with the inverse distance weighted method. Finally, locations exceeding the Turkish Air Quality Standard threshold value were determined in the Balikesir by use of geostatistical algorithms (Indicator kriging). The capability of the methods to predict air quality data in an area with multiple land-use types and pollution sources were then discussed. The results of the passive sampling study show that the winter and summer average concentrations are 32.79 µg/m³ and 28.27 µg/m³ for SO₂, respectively. It is expected that where industrial activity is not excessively important, traffic and domestic heating systems are the main source of SO₂ precursors. Moreover, using Indicator Kriging, results show that there are multiple hotspots for SO₂ concentrations and they are strongly correlated to the locations of industrial plants, traffic, and domestic heating systems in Balikesir.

11

Lokalizacja źródła zanieczyszczeń atmosferycznych za pomocą algorytmu roju cząsteczek

72%

Wawrzynczak A., Danko J., Borysiewicz M.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Administratio Locorum

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2014

|

tom 13

|

nr 4

12

Analysis of variability in PM10 concentration in the Wroclaw agglomeration

72%

Krynicka J., Drzeniecka-Osiadacz A.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

2013

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tom 22

|

nr 4

Our research was designed to analyze the variability in PM10 concentrations in the Wrocław area from January 2008 to February 2010, and to relate the findings to the existing meteorological and terrain conditions. To this end, five measurement stations were located in places with distinctive environmental features. Stations used the TEOM 1400a gravimetric analyzer and the manual reference method. The distinction between warm and cold seasons also was made based on start and end dates of heating periods. Finally, the thorough analysis of observed fluctuations in PM10 was produced. This includes tabulating the data, establishing a correlation and, most importantly, presenting descriptive statistics. Moreover, the statistical analysis was extended to variability and correlation analysis. The figures revealed that there exists the spatial variation of PM10 concentrations throughout the year, and analysis showed similar dynamics of the PM10 concentrations. The highest annual average PM10 concentration was noted at one of the stations and was associated with numerous exceedings of the limit value. The analyzed stations show a high correlation during the cold period of the year (0.71-0.95). Coefficients were significant at the 0.99 confidence level. The value of coefficient of divergence ranged from 0.053 to 0.613 and indicated the sources of PM10 emission. A positive relationship was observed between PM10 concentration and, e.g., atmospheric pressure (0.40), and in the warm season, average daily air temperature (0.36); but a negative relationship was observed between PM10 concentration and, i.e., the average daily speed of the wind (-0.56), and during the cold period, the average daily air temperature (-0.56). In support of this claim, the following article discusses select examples of the interdependence between terrain characteristics and PM10 variations.

13

Constitutively active guard cell plasma membrane Hplus-ATPase impairs ozone – elevated CO2־ and darkness-induced stomatal closur

72%

Nuhkat M., Roelfsema M. R. G., Kollist H.

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

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2013

|

tom 94

|

nr 2

14

Ozone effects on trees, where uptake and detoxification meet

72%

De T. L., Vandermeiren K., D'Haese D., Bortier K., Asard H., Ceulemans R.

Dendrobiology

|

2002

|

tom 47

Ozone is the most important air pollutant and its concentration in ambient air is still rising. Ozone concentrations measured at reference height (50 m is EMEP ozone modelling height), do not reflect the real concentration at the top of the vegetative canopy and do not provide sufficient information about the ozone fluxentering the leaves. Modelling stomatal conductance is leading to estimations of cumulative ozone uptake and enables much better to evaluate the impact of ozone on trees. The negative impact of ozone exposure has a measurable effect on physiological processes such as stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and respiration. Disturbance of the basic physiological processes is leading to growth and wood production losses. There have been several attempts to establish critical levels (CL) for ozone effects on forest trees. Average concentrations and cumulative exposure indices are satisfactory to some extent, but do not fully describe the potential impact of ozone exposure. Much more promising is an evaluation based on the effective ozone flux, which is a function of the absorbed ozone flux and the defensive response. Ozone uptake takes place primarily through the stomata and reactions of ozone with hydrocarbons released by the plant cells and transformations of dissolved ozone in the apoplastic fluid create many reactive oxygen species of which free radicals are able to initiate membrane lipid peroxidation and destruction of cell membranes. The defence of a plant against absorbed ozone starts in the apoplastic fluid. Ascorbate is believed to be a very important radical scavenger avoiding detrimental effects of reactive oxygen species to the membranes. Other important antioxidants are phenolics. The defensive response can be linked to the abundance of ascorbate or the ability of the plants to regenerate (reduce) ascorbate from monodehydroascorbate and dehydroascorbate. The reduction of dehydroascorbate takes place in the symplast where ascorbate can be transported back through the plasma membrane into the apoplast. Ozone exposure also causes oxidative stress of the plant cell interior by the formation of reactive oxygen species. Plants can cope with those toxic substances in the symplast by using antioxidants such as ascorbate, -tocopherol, glutathione and carotenoids and enzymes such as superoxide dismutases, catalases and several peroxidases. The complexity of the apoplastic and symplastic antioxidative capacity with different turnover rates and transport of antioxidants makes it difficult to determine the total antioxidative power.

15

Effect of ambient air pollution on daily mortality in Katowice Conurbation, Poland

72%

Kowalska M., Hubicki L., Zejda J. E., Osrodka L., Krajny E., Wojtylak M.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

2007

|

tom 16

|

nr 2

The impact of air pollution on human health is subject to extensive research. Most evidence concerns the effect of exposure to airborne PM10 and PM2.5 on daily mortality and hospital admissions. However; less is known about the effects of SO2. Our study (time-series analysis) investigates the effects of 24-hour concentrations of PM10, SO2 and NOX on daily mortality over 2001-2002 in 14 cities of the Katowice Conurbation. Results of the study suggest that SO2 is the major air pollutant affecting the daily mortality profile in Katowice Conurbation. Sulphur dioxide effect is apparent in relation to both general and cardiovascular or respiratory mortality, particularly in the elderly. The effect of PM10 concentration is also statistically significant but only to the general mortality pattern.

16

Determination of some oxidative stress parameters in variegated leaves of Chlorophytum comosum [Thunb] Bak

72%

Niewiadomska E., Miszalski Z.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

|

1997

|

tom 19

|

nr 1

A significantly enhanced production of ethane due to sulphite treatment was observed only in the green fragments of variegated Chlorophytum comosum leaves but no increase in MDA content was found after sulphite treatment either in the green or in the white leaf fragments. The activity of SOD showed a tendency to increase while that of catalase significantly decreased only in the green leaf fragments after SO₂ fumigation. The higher level of oxidative damage in the green tissue could probably result from the Haber-Weiss reaction of generation of HO.

17

Artificial neural networks in air pollution prediction - importance of input variables

72%

Rogula W., Zelinski J.

Archiwum Ochrony Środowiska

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2005

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tom 31

|

nr 2

18

Removal of hazardous air impurities in the framework of implementing cleaner production solutions at the Farmutil Company

72%

Kowalski Z., Maslanka A., Surowiec E.

Archiwum Ochrony Środowiska

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2007

|

tom 33

|

nr 4

19

Measurements and investigations of emission of dust and gaseous pollutants from circulating fluidized bed boilers

72%

Konieczynski J., Komosinski B.

Archiwum Ochrony Środowiska

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2007

|

tom 33

|

nr 1

20

Stezenie tlenkow azotu [NOx] w cyklu rocznym w punkcie kontrolnym na terenie Lublina

58%

Stepniewski A., Rudko T.

Acta Agrophysica

|

2002

|

tom 78

249-256

Ograniczanie wyników

Seasonal variability of carbon monoxide (CO) in the ambient environment of Imo State, Nigeria

Detection of genotoxicity of atmospheric particles using a high-throughput microplate umu-test system

Survey of indoor air pollution and health symptoms at residential buildings

Geospatial and geostatistical analyses of particulate matter (PM10) concentrations in Imo State, Nigeria

Inorganic pollutants deposition in Gdansk Region in relation to the critical load concept

Evaluation of air pollution by bioindication tests

Prediction of SO2 and PM concentrations in a coastal mining area [Zonguldak, Turkey] using an artificial neural network

Study of venturi scrubber efficiency for pesticide industry

Microbiological air contamination in poultry houses