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Selected aspects of tiny vetch [Vicia hirsuta (L.) Gray S.F.] seed ecology: generative reproduction and effects of seed maturity and seed storage on seed germination

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Kucewicz M., Mackiewicz K., Zrobek-Sokolnik A.

Acta Agrobotanica

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2010

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tom 63

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nr 1

Vicia hirsuta (L.) Gray S.F. (tiny vetch) is a common and persistent segetal weed. Tiny vetch seeds and pods reach different stages of maturity during the crop harvest season. Some seeds that mature before cereal harvest are shed in the field and deposited in the soil seed bank, while others become incorporated into seed material. The objective of this study was to describe selected aspects of tiny vetch seed ecology: to determine the rate of individual reproduction of vetch plants growing in winter and spring grain crops and to evaluate the germination of seeds at different stages of maturity, subject to storage conditions. The seeds and pods of V. hirsuta were sorted according to their development stages at harvest and divided into two groups. The first group was stored under laboratory conditions for two months. In the autumn of the same year, the seeds were subjected to germination tests. The remaining seeds were stored in a storeroom, and were planted in soil in the spring. The germination rate was evaluated after 8 months of storage. Potential productivity (developed pods and flowers, fruit buds) was higher in plants fruiting in winter wheat than in spring barley. Vetch plants produced around 17-26% more pods (including cracked, mature, greenish-brown and green pods) and around 25% less buds in winter wheat than in spring barley. Immature seeds were characterized by the highest germination capacity. Following storage under laboratory conditions and stratification in soil, mature seeds germinated at a rate of several percent. After storage in a storeroom, seeds at all three development stages broke dormancy at a rate of 72- 75%. The high germination power of tiny vetch seeds stored in a storeroom indicates that this plant can be classified as an obligatory speirochoric weed species.

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The expression profile of galactinol synthase genes (VhGolS1 and VhGolS2) in developing Vicia hirsuta ([L.] S.F. Gray) seeds

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Podlinski P., Gojlo E., Pupel P., Jastrzebski J. P., Paukszto L., Gorecki R. J.

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

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2013

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tom 94

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nr 3

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Effect of exogenous abscisic acid on accumulation of raffinose family oligosaccharides and galactosyl cyclitols in tiny vetch seeds [Vicia hirsuta [L.] S.F.Gray]

84%

Lahuta L. B., Gorecki R. J., Gojlo E., Horbowicz M.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2004

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tom 73

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nr 4

The role of the abscisic acid (ABA) in biosynthesis of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) and galactosyl cyclitols (Gal-C) in tiny vetch (Vicia hirsuta [L.] S.F. Gray) seeds was investigated. The ABA was applied through incubation of seed at various stage of its development. The level of RFOs and Gal-C was determined in seed maturing on plant and in seed maturing in vitro. In early stages of V. hirsuta seed development, the ABA activated the biosynthesis of galactinol, although the level of arisen galactinol quickly declined. In the later stages of V. hirsuta seed development ABA had stimulatory effect of RFOs and Gal-C biosynthesis. Influence of ABA on biosynthesis of a-galactosides in Vicia hirsuta seed seems to be dependent on abscisic acid concentration. Low concentration of ABA had stimulatory effect on a-galactosides biosynthesis, but high concentration of ABA inhibited the process.

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Exogenously applied D-pinitol and D-chiro-inositol modifies the accumulation of alpha-D-galactosides in developing tiny vetch [Vicia hirsuta [L.] S.F.Gray] seeds

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Lahuta L. B., Horbowicz M., Gojlo E., Goszczynska J., Gorecki R. J.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2005

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tom 74

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nr 4

In the present study we have investigated the effect of exogenous cyclitols on the accumulation of their galactosides and raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs), as well as on some enzymes important for their biosynthesis in seeds of tiny vetch (Vicia hirsuta [L.] S.F. Gray). Immature seeds during 6-day incubation with D-chiro-inositol (naturally does not appear in seeds of tiny vetch) were accumulated cyclitol and its galactosides (fagopyritols: B1 and B2). Short 4-hour incubation with D-chiro-inositol, and subsequent slow desiccation process caused accumulation of free cyclitol only, without biosynthesis of its galactosides. Feeding D-chiro-inositol to pods of tiny vetch induced accumulation of high levels of its galactosides (fagopyritol B1, B2 and B3) in maturing seeds. Similarly, feeding D-pinitol increased accumulation of its mono-, di- and tri-galactosides: GPA, GPB, DGPA and TGPA in tiny vetch seed. Accumulation of both cyclitols and their galactosides drastically reduced accumulation of verbascose. Inhibition of RFOs biosynthesis by elevated levels of free cyclitols suggests some competition between formation of both types of galactosides and similarity of both biosynthetic routes in tiny vetch seeds. Galactinol synthase (GolS) from tiny vetch seeds demonstrated ability to utilize D-chiro-inositol as galactosyl acceptor, instead of myo-inositol. Presence of both cyclitols, as substrates for GolS, caused synthesis of their galactosides: fagopyritol B1 and galactinol. However, formation of galactinol was more efficient than fagopyritol B1. D-chiro-Inositol and D-pinitol at concentrations several-fold higher than myo-inositol had inhibitory effect on GolS. Thus, we suggest that a level of free cyclitols can have an influence on the rate of galactinol biosynthesis and further accumulation of RFOs and galactosyl cyclitols in tiny vetch seeds.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

1 Acta Agrobotanica

1 BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

3 Gojlo E.

3 Gorecki R. J.

2 Horbowicz M.

2 Lahuta L. B.

1 Goszczynska J.

1 Jastrzebski J. P.

1 Kucewicz M.

1 Mackiewicz K.

1 Paukszto L.

1 Podlinski P.

1 Pupel P.

1 Zrobek-Sokolnik A.

1 2013

1 2010

1 2005

1 2004

Selected aspects of tiny vetch [Vicia hirsuta (L.) Gray S.F.] seed ecology: generative reproduction and effects of seed maturity and seed storage on seed germination

The expression profile of galactinol synthase genes (VhGolS1 and VhGolS2) in developing Vicia hirsuta ([L.] S.F. Gray) seeds

Effect of exogenous abscisic acid on accumulation of raffinose family oligosaccharides and galactosyl cyclitols in tiny vetch seeds [Vicia hirsuta [L.] S.F.Gray]

Exogenously applied D-pinitol and D-chiro-inositol modifies the accumulation of alpha-D-galactosides in developing tiny vetch [Vicia hirsuta [L.] S.F.Gray] seeds