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During 2009–2011, in a faunistic survey of kerman province (Southeast of Iran), the mite fauna of Artemisia (Asteraceae) was investigated. Six species belonging to superfamily tetranychoidea were collected and identified. Artemisia aucheri (Asteraceae) is reported as a new host record for four species Bryobia chrysocomae Meyer, 1974; Strunkobia pamirica Livshitz & Mitrofanov, 1972; Bryobia tuttle is miley & Baker, 1995 and Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836.
The structural diversity and high reactivity of phenolic compounds synthesized by higher plants and the toxicity of many intermediate products of their hydrolysis or oxidation causes that they may play an important role in the resistance of plants to different stresses, including feeding by spider mites (Acarina: Tetranychidae). The results of our studies as well as literature data indicate that the feeding of these pests brings about the induction of a defensive response. The active defensive mechanism of a plant is determined by different phenolic compounds and enzymes involved in their synthesis (PAL) and oxidation (PPO, POX). The induced defensive mechanism is usually associated with some degree of specificity. In consequence, the induced resistance reactions, by limiting the further development of the mite pests, protect the plant from further damage.
Apple cultivars investigated as new hosts for two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch appeared to provide good environment for its development and reproduction. The best conditions for two-spotted spider mite development were on leaves of cultivars Novamac and Freedom with a net reproduction (Ro) 22.6 and 20.3 respectively, while the worst on cultivars Pioner and Primula with Ro 8.9 and 10.2,respectively.
The purpose of experiments conducted during five years in an apple orchard and indoor conditions was to economise the collection and introduction of predatory mite (Typhlodromus pyri Scheut. Phytoseiidae), the effective predator of spider mites (Tetranychidae) in the orchards. It was found that collecting T. pyri in cloth belts in orchards was the efficient and economical way to gain high amount of predators for introduction. In order to avoid very high winter mortality of predators in Polish conditions the belts were transfered in autumn from the orchard to the room with stable temperature O°C -+ 1°C and high humidity. Keeping the belts with predators in outdoor condition in polivinyl boxes kept in shadow allowed also to avoid high mortality of overwintering T. pyri.
Apple cultivars investigated as new hosts for two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch appeared to provide good environment for its development and reproduction. The best conditions for two-spotted spider mite development were on leaves of cultivars Novamac and Freedom with a net reproduction (Ro) 22.6 and 20.3 respectively, while the worst on cultivars Pioner and Primula with Ro 8.9 and 10.2,respectively.
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