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The objective of the study was to analyze the wing musculature of the African ostrich. The investigation was conducted on four three-day old chicks of the ostrich. The muscles were characterized by poor development due to a very young age, and no flight abilities. The basic muscle units were described, the measurements of their length and width were taken and their mutual relation was calculated. All values were collected in a table. The photographic documentation was also prepared.
The aim of the study was to determine a reason for failing health condition and deaths amang the ostriches in the newly-established breeding farm situated within the boundaries of Toruń Voivodship. Both initial observations and examinations of three alive and two dead birds presupposed an appearance of ectoparasitical disease. The autopsies were performed and the specimens for bacteriological and perasitological studies were subsequently obtained. The ectoparasitically-directed studies were the only positive result; the individuals of Cnemidocoptes mutans and unrecognised Acarina species were found. Although the overall treatment (Ivomec) and breeding-rooms extennination of vermin (Neguvon 2%) were held, health conditions of the ostriches failed to improve and, as a result, all the birds died. The breeding farm was closed down wich the owner having suffered financially. The study allowed to draw conclusions concerning reasons for Acarina invasion and subsequent deaths among the birds.
The cholesterol content differed (P<0.05) between breast (49.5 mg/100 g) and back (74.3 mg/100 g) fat. Differences (P<0.05) in individual fatty acids were found especially for arachidonic acid (20:4).High contents of 18:2, 18:3 and 20:4 from both depots suggest, that ostrich fat could be a source of essential fatty acids in human and animal diets. The influence of various factors and especially feeding regimen on quantity and quality of ostrich fat should further be investigated.
Culled breeding ostriches weighing 130-160 kg yield about 25 kg fat tissue that could possibly be used for supplementing human and animal diet. Cholesterol content of breast fat – 80 mg/100 g tissue – from the breeding ostrich females (n = 6) culled and slaughtered at the age of five years appeared similar to that reported of beef and lamb adipose tissue. In a sum of 17 fatty acids (FA) determined, the mono- and polyunsaturated FA accounted for 37.51 and 38.84%, respectively. The ratio polyunsaturated/saturated FA in breast fat of culled breeding ostrich females appeared higher than reported for other avian species.It is concluded that fat from culled breeding ostriches can be used as an additive to human or animal diet, thus allowing the farmer to gain more from ostrich production. Further research is needed on composition and properties of adipose tissue of ostriches, including slaughter, as well as breeding birds culled at different ages.
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