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Molecular phylogeny of crocidurine shrews (Insectivora, Soricidae) in northeastern Asia was investigated to confirm the taxonomic status of unidentified specimens of Crocidura from Cheju Island, South Korea. Phylogenetic trees were constructed by neighbor-joining (NJ) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods, based on mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences (402 base pairs) of 37 individuals of seven crocidurine species and three unidentified specimens from 31 localities mainly in northeastern Asia. Phylogenetic position of the three unidentified specimens from Cheju Island were compared with those of Suncus murinus, C. attenuata, C. dsinezumi, C. lasiura, C. sibirica, C. suaveolens, and C. watasei. Both in NJ and ML trees, the three unidentified specimens were included in the cluster of C. dsinezumi and were obviously different from C. suaveolens on Cheju Island. Thus, the present investigation demonstrated that both C. suaveolens and C. dsinezumi exist on Cheju Island.
The hitherto monotypie subgenus Lasiocassis Gressitt, 1952 of the genus Cassida Linnaeus, 1758 is redefined and reviewed. Cassida vespertina Boheman, 1862 is redescribed and a new species, Cassida koreana, is described from South Korea. The subgenus is distributed in the eastern part of Palaearctic Region south to Taiwan.
A left first lower molar of Neocometes from the Bukpyeong Formation, South Korea is more similar to Neocometes similis and Neocometes cf. similis from Europe than to Neocometes orientalis from Thailand, and is therefore referred to Neocometes aff.similis. The new discovery of Neocometesis important in that it is the first evidence in Asia to show close faunal affinity to European Neocometes. It is also of paleobiogeographic significance for the subfamily Platacanthomyinae, because it represents the easternmost occurrence of this subfamily in Eurasia, implying there was continuous gene flow between the Neocometes populations of eastern Asia and western Europe. The paleoclimatic interpretation for the Bukpyeong Formation based on the palynomorphs implies that Neocometes had wider climatic tolerances than either of the two extant platacanthomyine genera. The evolutionary stage of Korean Neocometesis comparable to material from European localities correlated with MN 4 and MN 5, which constrains the age of the Bukpyeong Formation to between 18 and 15.2 Mya.
Polish agri-food sector is one of the most modern food branches in the world and Polish agri-food products are of the highest quality. Polish food has a strong and well-established position on the European market where more than 80% of exports are directed and from where almost 70% of import comes. However, a rise of export to developing countries, including that one to the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and Asia, is being observed. The mentioned markets are very absorptive and perspective for Polish exporters. In 2011, value of food export from Poland increased up to 15.2 billion EUR, including the export to the EU-27, being egual to 11.9 billion EUR; export to CIS- amounted to 1.5 billion EUR and to the remaining countries -1.8 billion EUR. The import to Poland increased to 12.6 billion EUR, including import from EU-27-8.8 billion EUR, from CIS countries-0.5 billion EUR and from the remaining countries - 3.3 billion EUR. Balance of the trade exchange of food products was further improved and was equal to 2.6 billion EUR. It means that the role of Polish food products on foreign markets is increasing year by year.
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